Term
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Definition
| treatment for hemochromatosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Chelator (treatment for hemochromatosis) |
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Term
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Definition
combo of sulfapyridine (antibacterial) and 5- aminosalicylic acid (anti- inflammatory).
activated by colonic bacteria
used for Chrons, UC
Tox: malaise, nausea, sulfonamid tox, reversible oligospermia |
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Term
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Definition
5-HT3 antagonist.
decreases vagal stimulation.
Central acting anti-emetic.
controls vomiting
Tox: headache, constipation |
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Term
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Definition
D2 receptor antagonist
increases LES resting tone
increases contractility, and motility
doesn't influence transport time
Use: diabetic and gastroporesis (post sx), antiemetic
Tox: Increases parkinson like effects, restlnessness, drowsiness, fatigue, depression, nausea, diarrhea
contraindications: Bowel Obstruction, parkinson diease |
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Term
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Definition
PGE1 analong
- increases production/ secretion of gastric mucous barrier
- decreases acid production
USES: prevention of NSAID induced gastric ulcers (NSAIDS block PGE1) ;
also used to prevent abortions and induce labor (ripens cervix)
Tox: diarrhea
Contraind: in women with child bearing potential (abortifacient) |
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Term
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Definition
Use: ulcer healing, traveler's diarrhea
MOA: bind to ulcer base, allowing bicarb secretion--> increase pH in mucous layer
Tox: constipation
Sucralfate Tox: can decrease absorption of other drugs, generally given on empty stomach |
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Term
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Definition
azoles (Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole)
USE: peptic ulcer, gastritis, reflux, ZE syndrome
MOA; irreversibly inhibits H+/ ATPase in stomach parietal cells
Tox: increased risk C. diff, pneumonia (b/c decreased aciditiy to fight bacteria),
hip fractures (interefere with Calcium absorption)
decreased Mg 2+ with long term use |
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Term
H2 blockers
(ines: cimetifdine, famotidine, ranitidine, nizatidine) |
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Definition
reversibly blocks histamine h2 receptors.
USE: peptic ulcer, gastritis, reflux
TOX: cimetidine inhibits CYP-P450, antiandrogenic effects (prolactin release, gynecomastia, impotence, decreased libido in males)
ranitidine decreases renal excretion of creatinine; inhibits tubular transport in kidney |
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Term
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Definition
Long acting somatostatin analog
USE: acute variceal bleeds, acromegaly, VIPoma, carcinoid tumors
TOX: nausea, cramps, steatorrhea |
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Term
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Definition
azoles (Omeprazole, Lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, dexlansoprazole)
USE: peptic ulcer, gastritis, reflux, ZE syndrome
MOA; irreversibly inhibits H+/ ATPase in stomach parietal cells
Tox: increased risk C. diff, pneumonia (b/c decreased aciditiy to fight bacteria),
hip fractures (interefere with Calcium absorption)
decreased Mg 2+ with long term use |
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Term
H2 blockers
(ines: cimetifdine, famotidine, ranitidine, nizatidine) |
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Definition
reversibly blocks histamine h2 receptors.
USE: peptic ulcer, gastritis, reflux
Tox: cimetidine= inhibts CYP450; antiandrogenic effects (prolactin release, gynecomastia, impotence, decreased libido in males); crosses BBB (confusion, dizziness, headaches), and crosses placenta
both cimetidine and ranitidine decrease renal excretion of creatinine/ inhibit tubular transport in kidney |
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Term
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Definition
small molecular weight organic compounds that inhibit activity of HmG coA reductase; share HMG like structure and bind competitively to active site of enzyme
Pathway of cholesterol synthesis: ( HMG synthase= acetyl coA + acetyl acetyl CoA ---> HMG CoA)
HMG CoA reductase: HMG coA--> malevalonate) -----> cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
third line tx HBV
HBV drug ; lower dose required for HBV than HIV
MOA: comp. inhibits HBV DNA POL (rev. transcriptase)
causes DNA chain termination
TOX: headache, insomnia, GI discomfort |
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Term
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Definition
2nd line treatment for HBV
NRTI (also initially used for HIV tx)
effective against Lamivdine res. strains of HBV |
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Term
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Definition
1st line hBV tx
more effective than lamuvidine and Entecavir (> viral load reduction)
not suggested in those with untreated HIV |
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Term
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Definition
1st line tx for chronic hBV
nucleotide analog
Tox: renal impairment, decreased bone mineral density, |
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Term
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Definition
tx for chronic and acute hBV
MOA: anti-viral, immunomodulatory, anti-proliferative
- signal anti-viral protein synthesis to inhibit viral replication, transcription, translation, protein processing, and viral maturation
TOX: fevers, chills, headache, thrombocytopenia, neurotox, CV effects (hypotension, tachycardia)
Pegylated interferons- polyethylene glycol group attached to IFN, which increases t1/2 and slows clearance--> allows for less frequent admin. |
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Term
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Definition
HCV tx
- used in conjunction with other drugs; doesn't work on its own ; guanosine analog
MOA: unknown, but somehow inhibits viral replication
TOX: hemolytic anemia, fatigue, rash, insomnia, depression |
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Term
| Simepravir, Paritaprevir, Grazoprevir |
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Definition
NS3/4A protease inhibitors
direct acting antivirals for HCV
- block proteolytic cleavage of viral protein precursors |
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Term
| Ledipasvir, Ombitasvir , elbasvir, Declatasvir |
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Definition
NS5A phosphoprotien inhibitors
- block viral replication
HCV Tx! |
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Term
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Definition
NS5B POL inhibitors
- block POL required for transcribing HCV- RNA genome and RNA transcription |
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Term
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Definition
Corticosteroid
USE: Chrons
MOA: controls rate of protein synthesis ; reverses capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization at cellular level to control/ prevent inflammation ; depresses migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and fibroblasts
TOX: headache, resp infection, dyspepsia, dizziness |
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Term
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Definition
5-aminosalicylic acid deriv.
USE: chrons
MOA: diminshes inflammation by blocking arach. acid metabolite production
TOX: headache, diarrhea, upper abd pain, nausea , sinusistis
AVOID TAKING WITH ANTACIDS |
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Term
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Definition
USE: Chrons
MOA: purine synthesis inhibitor ; blocks activation of inflamm. T cells |
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Term
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Definition
binds bile acids in intestine and prevents their reabsorption. Increases incorporation of chol --> bile acids.
USE: may be used in Chrons, when terminal ileum resected and bile acids not absorbed, so have cAMP dependent Cl- secretion in colonic epithelial cells --> Na and water follow CL- into lumen causing secretory diarrhea and steattorhea. Used as treatment for bile acid diarrhea.
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