Term
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Definition
Ach agonist.
Urologic tx for atonic bladder.
Resistant to Ach esterase. |
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Term
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Definition
Similar to bethanecol.
Works on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors.
Used as eyedrops for glaucoma- pupillary constriction and decrease in IOP. |
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Term
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Definition
Reversible inhibitor of Ach esterase.
Used to treat glaucoma (2nd line)
Used to reverse effects of anti-cholinergic toxicity (IE Atropine). |
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Term
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Definition
Ach esterase inhibitor.
Does not cross into CNS.
Used to treat anti-cholinergic toxicity.
Greater effect at nicotinic receptors allows it to treat Myasthenia Gravis. |
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Term
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Definition
Irreversible Ach esterase inhibitor- "ages" after binding renders antidotes (Pralidoxime) ineffective.
Organophosphates in nerve gas, pesticides.
Long term treatment of glaucoma. |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-cholinergic similar to Atropine.
More central action.
Prophylaxis for motion sickness. |
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Term
| Nicotine (high dose) and Mecamylamine |
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Definition
Ganglionic blocker of the ANS.
Not really therapeutically used except for emergently lowering bp. |
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Term
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Definition
Catecholamine.
Released by sympathetic postganglionic neurons and by adrenal medulla (less than Epi).
More pronounced alpha-1 adrenergic effect, increase periperal vascular resistance and BP.
Used to treat shock (but decreases RBF and thus less favored).
Note the alpha-1 activation results in reflex bradycardia. |
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Term
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Definition
Nonselective Beta agonist.
Rarely used therapeutically. Maybe as emergent agent for stimulate heart. |
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Term
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Definition
Catecholamine, also a natural NT.
Activates both Alpha and Beta adrenergic receptors, as well as dopaminergic receptors: dilates mesenteric and renal vasculature.
Drug of choice for shock: Beta1 for increased cardiac output, Alpha 1 for BP, dopaminergic receptor for maintaining renal bloodflow. |
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Term
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Definition
Abused substance.
Indirect adrenergic agonist.
Blocks reuptake of catecholamines and potentiations their effects: increased blood pressure and contractility via alpha1 and beta1 effects. |
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Term
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Definition
Selective alpha2 adrenergic antagonist.
Increases sympathetic ouflow. |
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Term
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Definition
| Non-selective beta blocker. |
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Term
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Definition
Beta antagonist with partial agonist activity. (Intrinsic Sympathomimetic Acvitity).
For hypertensive patients with moderate bradycardia as well as diabetics (less effect on metabolism). |
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Term
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Definition
| Blocks ATP dependent transporter of biogenic amines into vesicles: NE, dopamine, serotonin. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blocks release of stored NE and displaces them (eventual depletion). |
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Term
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Definition
Dopamine agonist.
Used to treat Parkinsons and Prolactinoma.
Especially good for patients with motor fluctuations.
Ergot derivative- can cause retroperitoneal fibrosis. |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral drug and also antiparkinsonism.
Increase release of dopamine and blocks cholinergic, and NMDA receptors. |
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Term
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Definition
Ach-esterase inhibitor. (Competitive).
Modulates nicotinic receptor.
Palliative treatment of Alzheimer. |
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Term
| Methylxanthines (IE Caffeine) |
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Definition
Readily distributes throughout the body, crosses the BBB.
Increase cAMP and cGMP by inhibiting phosphodiesterase. Blockade of adenosine receptors.
Stimulant, positive inotrope and chronotrope, weak diuretic, increase gastric HCl production, relaxes bronchiolar smooth muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
Low dose- depolarizes and ganglionic stimulation. High dose- causes ganglionic blockade.
Mental euphoria and alertness. Increase BP and HR. Coronary vasoconstriction.
In tobacco obviously. |
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Term
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Definition
Atypical (2nd gen.) neuroleptic.
Blocks D1, D2, H1, and 5HT2 receptors.
Treats schizophrenia without as much extrapyramidal side effects.
Blood dyscrasias and other significant side effects. |
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Term
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Definition
Opioid that binds to mu receptor and weakly inhibits reuptake of NE.
For moderate to moderately severe pain.
Effects can be reversed by Naloxone |
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Term
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Definition
Complex mechanism.
Broad spectrum antiseizure activity: partial onset, myoclonic, an primary generalized tonic clonic.
Few interactions. |
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