Term
| What is heart failure caused by and what are its symptoms (4)? |
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Definition
| It is the failure of the normal strength of the heart and the failure of the heart to pump blood. Its symptoms are shortness of breath, rapid resting pulse, edema, and enlarged heart. |
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Term
| What are the treatment goals of heart failure (2)? |
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Definition
-Slow the progression of the disease
-Improve quality of life by reducing symptoms |
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Term
| Name 2 Cardiac Glycosides. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action of Cardiac Glycosides (6)? |
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Definition
-Inhibit Na-K ATPase in all cells which leads to an accumulation of Ca in heart cells
-Increase contractility, stroke volume, and cardiac output
-Improve blood flow to the kidneys and periphery
-Decrease venous pressure
-Clear edema
-Increase the activity of the vagus nerve which results in a slower heart rate and slower conduction |
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Term
| Pharmacokinetics of Cardiac Glycosides (2) |
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Definition
-Long half-life
-Effect may take weeks |
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Term
| ADRs of Cardiac Glycosides (15) |
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Definition
-Narrow TI
-Weakness
-Fatigue
-Fainting
-Dimness
-Double vision
-Flashing lights
-Changes in color vision
-Bradycardia
-Other arrythmias
-Abdominal discomfort
-Anorexia
-Nausea
-Mood alterations
-Hallucinations |
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Term
| What is the antidote for digoxin toxicity and how does it work? |
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Definition
-Digoxin Immune Fab
-It binds with digoxin in the serum. It has an onset of less than 1 min. and is excreted by the kidneys. |
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Term
| What are the nursing implications when administering cardiac glycosides (12)? |
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Definition
-Take apical pulse for 1 minute
-Don't administer and notify prescriber if apical pulse rate is below 60 bpm or above 100 bpm
-Stress diet high in potassium
-Assess patient's diet
-Weigh patient daily
-Take with meals
-Medical tag ID
-Monitor blood levels
-Regular follow up appointments
-Watch for toxicity
-Not too much fiber in diet
-Do not take antacids |
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Term
| What other drugs are used for cardiac failure (4)? |
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Definition
-ACE inhibitors (captopril, enalopril)
-Diuretics (fursemide)
-Vasodilators (hydralazine, nitroprusside)
-Alpha blockers (Prazosin) |
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