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Drugs Used to Treat Cardiovascular Disease
Drugs Used to Treat Cardiovascular Disease
28
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
03/16/2010

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Term
Name 5 HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)
Definition
-Atorvastatin
-Fluvastatin
-Lovastatin
-Pravastatin
-Simvastatin
Term
What is the mechanism of action of the Statins?
Definition
They inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme in the liver, leading to a decrease in serum cholesterol and LDL concentration.
Term
What is a contraindication of the Statins?
Definition
Active liver disease
Term
ADRs of Statins (4)
Definition
-Headache
-Myalgia (muscle pain)
-Liver damage
-GI irritation
Term
What are the nursing considerations when administering Statins?
Definition
-Give in the evening to coincide with body's timing of cholesterol production
-Perform liver function test
-Follow-up at regular intervals
Term
Name 2 Bile Acid Resins.
Definition
-Cholestyramine resin
-Colestipol
Term
What is the mechanism of action of the Bile Acid Resins?
Definition
They bind with bile acids in the Gi tract.
Term
What are 2 contraindications of the Bile Acid Resins?
Definition
-Pediatrics
-Biliary obstruction
Term
ADRs of Bile Acid Resins (2)
Definition
-Steatorrhea (excess fat in feces)
-Fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies
Term
What are the nursing considerations when administering Bile Acid Resins?
Definition
Mix with full glass of water and do not administer with other medications.
Term
What are cardiovascular diseases and how are they caused?
Definition
Usually refers to atherosclerosis. It is caused by a build up of fatty materials such as cholesterol in the artery wall.
Term
Name 2 Fibric Acid Derivatives.
Definition
-Fenofibrate
-Gemfibrozil
Term
What is the mechanism of action of Fibric Acid Derivatives?
Definition
They suppress VLDL and chlyomicron synthesis resulting in a reduction of triglyceride levels.
Term
What are the contraindications of Fibric Acid Derivatives (2)?
Definition
-Gallbladder disease
-Liver or biliary cirrhosis
Term
Name 1 Nicotinic Acid Derivative.
Definition
Niacin
Term
What is the mechanism of action of Niacin?
Definition
The mechanism of action of niacin is unclear.
Term
What are the contraindications of Niacin (2)?
Definition
-Liver disease
-Severe hypotension
Term
ADRs of Niacin (4)
Definition
-Flushing
-Itching
-Orthostatic hypotension
-GI irritation
Term
What are the nursing considerations when administering Niacin?
Definition
Alcohol should be avoided as it increases flushing.
Term
Name 1 Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor.
Definition
Ezetimibe
Term
What is the mechanism of action of Ezetimibe?
Definition
It decrease the amount of cholesterol absorbed in the GI tract.
Term
ADRs of Ezetimibe (2)
Definition
-Diarrhea
-Arthralgia (joint pain)
Term
What are the nursing considerations when administering Ezetimibe?
Definition
Monitor coagulation studies if patient is also receiving warfin.
Term
Name 1 Lipid-Regulating Agent.
Definition
Omega-3-triglycerides
Term
What is the mechanism of action of omega-3-triglycerides?
Definition
They disrupt triglyceride synthesis.
Term
Contraindications of Omega-3-Triglycerides (1)
Definition
Fish allergy
Term
ADRs of Omega-3-Triglycerides (2)
Definition
-Burping
-GI irritation
Term
What are the nursing considerations when administering Omega-3-Triglycerides?
Definition
They may potentiate anticoagulants. Monitor coagulation studies.
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