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Drugs for Neoplasia
Pharm II
18
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
03/10/2010

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Growth Factor
Definition
Major factor in determining success of chemotherapy
Term
Vesicants
Definition

1. Dactinomycin

2. the -rubicins

3. mechlorethamine (mustargen)

4. Vincristine

Term
Vesicants
Definition

* Can cause extravasation

 

* Know emergency treatment before giving vesicants IV

 

Long -Term Consequences

* Possible infertility

* IRF secondary tumors

Term
Alkylating Agents
Definition

1. Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)

2. Mechlorethamine (Mustargen)

3. Cisplatin (Platinol)

4. Carboplatin (paraplatin)

Term

Side Effects of Alykylating Agents

 

Definition

1. Bone Marrow Suppression

2. Hemorrhagic cystitis

3. Ototxic - will never recover

4. Pulmonary toxicity - need to discontinue drugs - will look like copd

5. Neurotoxic - peripheral neuropathy, pain

Term
Antimetabolites
Definition

1. Methotrexate (Folex, Mexate)

2. Gemcitabine (Gemzar)

3. -bine

4. Fluoruracil (5FU)

Term
Side Effects of Antimetabolites
Definition

1. Bone Marrow Toxicity

2. Hepatotoxic - liver failure is normal reason these drugs are discontinued)

3. Pregnancy Category X - must avoid pregnancy for 6 mo following last dose

4. Photosensitivity

Term
Antitumor Antibiotics
Definition

1. Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)

2. - rubicin

3. Bleomycin (Blenoxane)

Term
Side Effects of Antitumor Antibiotics
Definition

1. Cardiotoxic (irreversible HF)

2. Decreases Digoxin levels

Term
Hormone/Hormone Antagonist
Definition

1. Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)

2. Steroids

 

Term
Adverse Effects of Hormones/Hormone Antagonists
Definition

Note: It's all about estrogen (they look like they are going through menopause)

 

Nausea/Vomiting

IRF endometrial cancer

thromboemolitic disease

IRF blood clots

Hot flashes, fluid retention, vaginal discharge

Term
Natural Products
Definition

1. Vincristine (Oncovin)

2. Docetazel (Taxotere)

3. Paclitaxel (Taxol)

4. Etoposide (VePesid)

Term
Side Effects of Natural Products
Definition

1. Nervous system toxicity (numbness and tingling in limbs)

a. muscular weakness, loss of reflexes

b. paralytic ileus, constipation

2. Cardiotoxic

3. Acute bronchospasm: must be at bedside for first few administrations

4. Suicide ideation

5. Nephrotoxicity

Term
Biologic Response Modifiers
Definition

Stimulate or assist client's immune system to rid itself of cancer cells

 

Less toxic

 

Interferons, interleukins, monoclonal antibodies

Term
Epoetin alfa (Epogen)
Definition

1. Sub Q administration 3X/week

 

2. Slow and controlled elevation of RBC (Max Hgb 36%)

 

3. Dangerous spike in BP - hard to treat; B-Blocker doesn't automatically help

 

4. Thrombolytic events

Term
Filgastrim (Neupogen, G-CSF) and Pegfilgastim (Neulasta)
Definition

Accelerate neutrophil production and activation

 

Sub Q injection

 

Filgastim = HTN, St depression/MI, bone pain before neutrophils inrease

 

Start 24 hrs after chemo

Term

Sargramostim (GM - CSF) (Leukine)

 

Definition

Granulocyte and Macrophage stimulation


IV administation and infused over 2 hrs


Respiratory Distress during administration
*Restlessness

* Dyspnea

* Tachycardia


Supraventricular Tachycardia

Use with caution with HF

Term
Oprelvekin (Neumega)Stimulates the production of megakaryocytes aand thrombopoietin (precursors to platelets)
Definition

1. Sub Q injection once daily 24 hrs after chemo


2. Takes 5 - 10 days for effects


3. Watch fluid retention


4. Withhold: 12 hrs b/f and after radiation therapy

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