Cannibidiol and THC

CBD has the medical effects but not the ones that get you "stoned."

THC is the main mind altering compound.

• Hunger
• Analgesia
• Lethargy
• Anxiety
• Cancer
• Psychotic episodes

It's not quite clear, but maybe at a subjective level.

It could be that people are more efficient at taking the drugs, as well as there are environmentals that may play a role.

1. Cannabis Use Disorder
2. Cannabis Intoxication
3. Cannabis Withdrawal
4. Unspecified Cannabis-Related Disorder

"A chemical sprayed on plants"

Don't really know what is in half of them. They are not safe at all and are perceived as similar to cannabis, but aren't really.

They cause A LOT of hospital visits every year.

They kill people through the gag reflex.

• Depressed mood
• Diminished interest or pleasure in activities
• Weight loss/gain
• Insomnia/hypersomnia
• Psychomotor aggetation/retardation
• Fatigue
• Thoughts of worthlessness or guilt
• Diminished ability to think and concentrate
• Thoughts of death/suicidal ideation

Around the 60's.

• MAOI: monoamine oxidase inhibitors; not prescribed very often anymore and have bad side effects
• TCAs: tricyclic antidepressants (still used sometimes)

60-70% show some symptom relief

28-50% show full symptom relief

• Weight gain
• Dry mouth
• Dizziness
• Constepation
• Insomnia
• Sexual Dysfunction

It increases blood pressure if tyramine-rich foods are eaten (e.g., chocolate, beer, wine, pickled herring, etc.).

This can cause death

They block reuptake of 5-HT at the transporter. Because it's selective, it has fewer side effects and is safer than the others. 

It is not anymore effective though.

Yes and it is very severe and creates problematic symptoms. Antidepressant dosage needs to be gradually lowered over time.

It can produce restlessness, chills, anxiety, and delusions.

They were developed first. They treat only the positive symptoms.

• Chlorpromazine (thorazine)
• Haloperidol (Haldol)

They were developed 70's or later. They can sometimes treat negative symptoms, but usually treat only positive.

• Clozapine (clozaril)
• Risperidone (Risperdal)

Extrapyramidal symptoms

Weight gain

They block postsynaptic metabotropic dopamine receptors.

Typicals: D2

Atypicals: D3, D4

Symptoms seen in schizophrenia are a result of excessive DA transmission, so blocking it should reduce them.

Drugs that affect DA also induce psychosis.

• They're not pleasurable to take, so they're not abused.
• Tolerance does not typically develop.
• Withdrawal can occur, but it's usually mild.

• Analgesia
• Coughing inhibition
• Small pupils
• Constipation
• Respiratory center suppression

• Convlusions
• Cancer (interfere with normal DNA repair mechanisms)
• Spread of haptitis and HIV through needles

They bind to the mu, kappa, or delta opioid receptors on either PRE OR POST cells. They are ALL metabotropic.

They mimic the endogeonous molecules.

The analgesic pathway is throughout the pariaqueductal gray and spinal cord.

Yes! They are very addictive. The cause a large increase in DA in the reward pathway indirectly.

They bind to the GABAergic neurons and decrease GABA release onto DA cells, causing an increase in DA release.

Yes, tolerance develops rapidly to most effect. Constriction of pupils and constipation are the only effects that are unchanged.

Cross-tolerance also exists.

Methadone.

It mimics the drug, but last longer and does not peak as intensely. It's easier to reduce the dose over time, or people can just use it in place of the opioid. It's safe.

• LSD
• Psilocybin
• Ecstasy
• Mescaline, Peyote
• PCP
• Ketamine
• Salvia
• Dextromethorphan
• GHB
• Mephedrone

• Hallucinations (LSD IS THE MOST POTENT)
• Perceived insight
• Increased appreciation for art and music
• Acute psychosis
• Psychedelic crisis (unpleasant)
• Flashbacks (Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder, very rare)

• Spiritual experiences
• Dysphoria
• Anxiety
• Headache

• Euphoria and/or sense of well being
• Sociability
• Increase in wakefulness, endurance
• Sharpened sensory perception
• Hyponatraemia
• Hyperthermia
• With chronic use:
• Sleep disorders
• Anxiety
• Impulsiveness
• Hostility
• Memory impairment

• It is taken up through the 5-HT transporters and "interferes" with 5-HT storage (not letting it get packaged into vesicles), making much more serotonin readily available to be released.

A dissociative anesthetic.

Patients are "awae but appear disconnected from their environment."

• Profound anesthesia
• Amnesia for events that occur while under the influence of the drug

It has a very high therapeutic index