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Drugs and Behaviour
Brain Anatomy
36
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
05/23/2011

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Cards

Term
CNS
Definition
Brain the Spinal Cord
Term
PNS
Definition
Everything outside the brain and spinal cord
Term
Ganglia
Definition
Groups of cell bodies in the PNS
Term
Nerves
Definition
Bundles of Axons in the PNS
Term
Nuclei/Centers
Definition
cell bodies in the CNS
Term
Tracts
Definition
Bundles of Axons in the CNS
Term
White matter
Definition
Refers to mylinated axons
Term
Gray matter
Definition
Unmilinated cell bodies
Term
Gray matter
Definition
Unmilinated cell bodies
Term
Somatic NS
Definition
Part of the PNS- Made up off all the sensroy nerves from the most of the conscious sense such as the nerves running from the sensory recptors in the the eyes, ears and skin to the CNS
Term
Autonomic NS
Definition
Concerned with sensroy systems we are not usually aware of
controlls muscles such as heart and intestines
Term
Parasympathetic NS
Definition
Part of the Autonomic NS which keeps the body functioning smoothly
Term
Sympathetic NS
Definition
Part of the Autonomic NS that kicks in in times and stress and danger.
Term
Ventral Horn
Definition
Part of CNS- the gray matter of the spinal cord which contains the cell bodies of the motonuerons. Nuerons which directly control the action of the muscles
Term
Dorsal Horn
Definition
Contains cells that convey sensory information
Term
RAS (Recticular Activating System)
Definition
a interconnection of diffuse brain centers and brancing fiber tracts, connected in such away that when one part is excited the entire system becomes activated- Helps maintain arousal.
Term
Raphe System
Definition
System made up of nuclei- causes sleep
Term
locus Coeruleus
Definition
Nucleus in the lower brain that receives input from many sources both inside and outside the CNS and diffusley projects axons to the limbic system and cortex and many other higher brain centers
Known to be involved in control of mood
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Brain Structure above the medulla- Functions as a part of the motor system
Term
Basal Ganglia
Definition
Brain structure located under the cortex, important for controlling voluntary movement.
-Parkinsons disease
Term
Striatum
Definition
Input side of basal ganglia receives axons from the cortex and thalamus
Term
Globus Pallions
Definition
The output side of the basal ganglia- sends projections back to the cortex via the thalamus
Term
Pyramidal motor system
Definition
the system that directly connects the motor cortex to the muscles
Term
Periaqueductal Gray (central gray)
Definition
System which runs through central part of the brain. Involved in the perception of pain
Term
Limbic system
Definition
Brain pathway which controlls motivation and emotion
Term
Medial Forebrain Bundle
Definition
Carries Axons that run in both directions between lower cneters in the brain and hypothalamus and other limbic system structures.

these projections are thought to be part of a monoamine system that governs mood and may be the site of action for SSRIs
Term
Hippocampus
Definition
Large Limbic structures that has been implicated in learning and memory
Term
Cortex
Definition
Makes the uppermost surgace of the brain and virtually covers the rest of the brain. It is convulted
Functions to handle integreation of sensory information
Higher mental processes of thought and cognition are carried out in areas of the frontal cortex and prefrontal cortex
Term
Dorsolateral Prefrontal cortex
Definition
Representation, Manipulation, and maintenance of attentional demands of tasks
Term
Anterior Cingulate
Definition
Part of the medial Profrontal cortex that is thought to mediate attention, response, competition and slection, supression of prepotent response tenedencies, conditioned drug seeking, and craving
Term
Thalidamide
Definition
was prescribed to many pregnant women to treat the nausea of morning sickness
Term
Teratogens
Definition
Drugs that cause mal formation in infants
Term
functional Teratology
Definition
Severe brain malfunction or less apparent disruptions in the functioning of the brain - only apparent after careful study
Term
medulla
Definition
part of brain- made of of fibre tracts running to the to and from the spinal chord and connecting to the higher centers of the brain

controlls respitory center
contains vomiting center
Term
Mesolimbic Dopamine system
Definition
brain system located in the VTA in the midbrain.important reinfocrcement system
Term
Orbitofrontal cortex
Definition
located below the frontal- involved in learning and relearning of stimulus
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