Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loop diuretic, potassium wasting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| potent diuretic that works by blocking absorption of sodium and chloride in the kidney tubules causing a profound increase in urine output |
|
|
Term
Furosemide (Lasix)
major uses |
|
Definition
| reduce fluid in early renal failure, HF, lungs |
|
|
Term
Furosemide (Lasix)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| hyperuricemia, hypomagnesemia, loss of appetite, spasm of bladder |
|
|
Term
Furosemide (Lasix)
hold drug it... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increases cardiac force of contraction, decreases HR |
|
|
Term
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
major uses |
|
Definition
| HF, & uncontrolled atrial dysrhythmias |
|
|
Term
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
low HR, low K+
other info:check dig levels and for hypokalemia (increased dig toxicity) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| venous vasodilation (decrease preload), arterial vasodilation (decrease afterload), coronary artery vasodilation (increase oxygen supply) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| angina, MI, sometimes for HTN |
|
|
Term
nitroglycerin
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| hypotension, flushing, dizziness, headache, lightheadedness |
|
|
Term
nitroglycerin
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gastric acid secretion inhibitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| competitive, reversible histamine H(2)-receptor antagonist in the gastric parietal cells |
|
|
Term
Nizatidine (Axid)
major uses |
|
Definition
| duodenal ulcer disease, gastric ulcer, GERD, heartburn |
|
|
Term
Nizatidine (Axid)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, headache, cough, nasal congestion, fever |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gastric acid secretion inhibitor |
|
|
Term
Famotidine (Pepcid)
action |
|
Definition
| primarily inhibits both the concentration and the volume of gastric secretion |
|
|
Term
Famotidine (Pepcid)
major uses |
|
Definition
| duodenal ulcer disease, GERD, gastric hypersecretion, indigestion |
|
|
Term
Famotidine (Pepcid)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, headache |
|
|
Term
Famotidine (Pepcid)
other info |
|
Definition
| advise pt to take at bedtime |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
action |
|
Definition
| suppresses the final step in gastric acid production and leads to inhibition of both basal and stimulated acid secretion |
|
|
Term
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
major uses |
|
Definition
| to prevent and treat ulcers |
|
|
Term
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, headache |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
action |
|
Definition
| blocks regeneration of vitamin K epoxide, thus inhibiting synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors |
|
|
Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
major uses |
|
Definition
| Afib, PE, venous thromboembolism |
|
|
Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
other info |
|
Definition
| therapeutic measures = PT/INR, goal 2-3 INR, long half-life (oral), antidote is vitamin K |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibits the mechanisms that induce the clotting of blood and the formation of stable fibrin clots at various sites in the normal coagulation system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anticoagulant therapy, blood transfusion, afib, DIC, heart operation, PE, venous catheter occlusion, venous thromboembolism |
|
|
Term
Heparin
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| thrombocytopenia, increased liver aminotransferase level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| therapeutic measure = APTT, goal 2-3 times base, short half-life (SC or IV), antidote is protamine sulfate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
class |
|
Definition
| anticoagulant like heparin |
|
|
Term
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
action |
|
Definition
| low molecular weight heparin which has anti-factor Xa and anti-thrombin activities |
|
|
Term
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
major uses |
|
Definition
| abdominal surgery, acute ST segment elevation MI, arthroplasty of knee, DVT, ischemia |
|
|
Term
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| diarrhea, nausea, anemia, bleeding, thrombocytopenia, increased liver function test, fever |
|
|
Term
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
other info |
|
Definition
| therapeutic measure = APTT, goal 2-3 times base, more stable & requires less APTT testing – less HIT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| potent inhibitor of both prostaglandin synthesis and platelet aggregation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CVA, CABG, fever, generalized aches and pains, headache, migraine, MI, pain, rheumatoid arthritis, stable angina, TIA, unstable angina |
|
|
Term
Aspirin (ASA)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| GI ulcer, bleeding, tinnitus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
action |
|
Definition
| pain reducing is unknown, reduces fever by inhibiting the formulation and release of prostaglandins in the CNS and by inhibition endogenous pyrogens |
|
|
Term
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
major uses |
|
Definition
| fever, pain (mild to severe) |
|
|
Term
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| pruritus, constipation, N&V, headache, agitation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Hydromorphine (Dilaudid)
class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Hydromorphine (Dilaudid)
action |
|
Definition
| agonist actions on the muopioid receptor subtype |
|
|
Term
Hydromorphine (Dilaudid)
major uses |
|
Definition
| pain (acute), pain (chronic) |
|
|
Term
Hydromorphine (Dilaudid)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| constipation, urinary retention, respiratory depression, hypotension |
|
|
Term
Hydromorphine (Dilaudid)
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
| low RR, low BP, serious change in LOC |
|
|
Term
Hydromorphine (Dilaudid)
other info |
|
Definition
| dilaudid is stronger than morphine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pure opioid agonist, selective to the mu receptor, with primary actiosn in the brain through transitory stimulation prior to depression in the CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Morphine
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| constipation, urinary retention, respiratory depression, hypotension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low RR, low BP, serious change in LOC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Atenolol (Tenormin)
action |
|
Definition
| reduces HR, cardiac workload |
|
|
Term
Atenolol (Tenormin)
major uses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Atenolol (Tenormin)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| bradyarrhythmia, cold extremities, hypotension, dizziness, depression, fatigue |
|
|
Term
Atenolol (Tenormin)
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Captopril (Capoten)
action |
|
Definition
| venous vasodilator (reduces preload), arterial vasodilator (reduce afterload), inhibit aldosterone (minor diuretic, deplete Na+, keep K+) |
|
|
Term
Captopril (Capoten)
major uses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Captopril (Capoten)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| hypotension, rash, hyperkalemia |
|
|
Term
Captopril (Capoten)
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
action |
|
Definition
| reduced HR, differing calcium channel blockers may also decrease FOC and arterial vasodilate |
|
|
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
major uses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| bradyarrhythmia, peripheral edema, dizziness, headache, cough, fatigue |
|
|
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| corticosteroid, mineralcorticoid activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suppresses inflammatory response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| many, immune stimulated disease processes |
|
|
Term
Prednisone
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| increased BG, decreased K+, increased BP, decreased resistance to infection, weight gain, increased risk for ulcer, increased risk for osteoporosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| : to regulate glucose metabolism. Lowers the blood glucose concentration by stimulating glucose uptake especially by muscle and fat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Insulins
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| injection site pain, lipodystrophy, pruritus, rash, hypoglycemia, nocturnal hypoglycemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dopamine (Inotropin)
class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dopamine (Inotropin)
action |
|
Definition
| produces a positive inotropic and chronotropic effects on the myocardium by exerting an against action on beta-adrenoceptors and releasing norepinephrine from storage sites in sympathetic nerve endings, thus increasing heart rate and cardiac contractility |
|
|
Term
Dopamine (Inotropin)
major uses |
|
Definition
| cardiogenic shock, CHF, decreased CO, renal failure, septic shock |
|
|
Term
Dopamine (Inotropin)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| chest pain, hypertension, palpitations, tachyarrythmia, N&V, anxiety, oliguria, dyspnea |
|
|
Term
Dopamine (Inotropin)
hold drug if... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dopamine (Inotropin)
dose dependent |
|
Definition
Dose dependent
o Low (2 mcg)—renal vasodilation & increased output
o Moderate (5 mcg)—increased HR, FOC
o High (10 mcg)—arterial constriction, increased BP |
|
|
Term
Dopamine (Inotropin)
use dependent on dose |
|
Definition
Use dependent on dose
o Low—early renal failure
o Moderate—low CO, low BP
o High—low BP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
class |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
action |
|
Definition
| similar to dopamine, but increases CO without significant increase in HR |
|
|
Term
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
major uses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
major adverse effects |
|
Definition
| angina, HTN, tachyarrhythmia, headache |
|
|
Term
Dobutamine (Dobutrex)
other info |
|
Definition
| no renal effects or arterial constriction effects |
|
|
