Term
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Definition
| Suppress volume and stomach acidity |
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Term
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Definition
| Neutralize stomach acid, inhibits pepsin |
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Term
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Definition
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Blocks hydrogen- potassium ATP enzyme system of gastric parietal cells
Blocks final step of acid production
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Term
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Definition
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Protects gastric mucosa by coating ulcer craters against acid, pepsin, bile
Inhibits pepsin from protein breakdown
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibits gastric acid secretion and ↑ bicarbonate and mucus production in stomach |
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Term
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Definition
Saliva: Contains elect./ carboxymethycellulose, acts as a thickening agent for dry mouth
Pancreatic enzymes: Replacement enzymes that help digest./ absorb. of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates |
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Term
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Definition
| Destroy bacteria in urinary tract |
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Term
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Definition
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Block spasms of urinary tract muscles
Block sympathetic activity
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Relax detrusor |
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Term
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Definition
| When excreted, it exerts a direct topical analgesic effect on the urinary mucosa |
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Term
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Definition
| Adheres to bladder walls, acts as a buffer to control cell permeability; prevents irritating solutes from reaching bladder cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
| Blocks dilation of arterioles and veins in bladder and urinary tract (alpha-adrenergic blockers) → sphincter relaxes |
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Term
| Non Obstructive Urinary Retention |
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Definition
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Stimulates micturition
Relax bladder sphincter, ↑ tone of detrusor muscle
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Term
| Bronchodilators- Xanthines |
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Definition
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Affects the smooth muscles of the resp. tract. (Bronchi and blood vessels)
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Term
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Definition
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Beta₂ adrenergic agonists
Dilation of bronchi and increased resp. rate
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Term
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Definition
| Block vagally mediated reflexes by antagonizing the action of acetylcholine |
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Term
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Definition
| Decrease inflammatory response in airway |
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Term
| Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists |
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Definition
| Blocks/ antagonizes receptors for the production of leukotrienes |
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Term
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Definition
| Replace the surfactant missing in lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Reduces the hyperactivity of the vomiting reflex by inhibiting the CTZ |
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Term
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Definition
Slow GI activity
Sedating |
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Term
| Anticholinergics/ Antihistamines |
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Definition
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Block cholinergic receptors in vomiting center
Anticholinergic-(act as antihistamines → block impulses to CTZ)
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Term
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Definition
| Block receptors associated w/ N/V in the CTZ |
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Term
| Substance P/ Neurokinin 1 receptor agonists |
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Definition
| Act directly on CNS to block receptors assocated w/ N/V |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Chemically irritates GI tract lining
Stimulates nerve plexus
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Term
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Definition
| ↑ motility by ↑ fluid = enlarges bulk, stimulates stretch receptors |
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Term
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Definition
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Lubricates intestinal bolus
Less H₂O absorbed out of bolus
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Term
| Gastrointestinal Stimulants |
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Definition
| Blocks dopamine receptors and makes GI cells sensitive to acetylcholine = ↑ GI activity |
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Term
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Definition
| Effects GI tract muscle layers to slow peristalsis and allow ↑ of F/E absorption |
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Term
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Definition
| Acts on medullary cough center of the brain to depress cough reflex |
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Term
| Topical Nasal Decongestants |
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Definition
| Contraction of sphincters and constriction of secretory cells |
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Term
| Topical Nasal Steroid Decongestants |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Blocks effects of histamine at histamine-1 receptor sites, which decreases the allergic response
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Term
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Definition
| Reduces adhesiveness and surface tension of fluids, allowing easier movement and release of secretions |
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Term
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Definition
| Breaks down mucus to cough up thick secretions |
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Term
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Definition
| Blocks Cl¯ → no sodium reabsorption |
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Term
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Definition
| Block Cl¯ pump in ascending loop → no sodium reabsorption and chloride |
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Term
| Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors |
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Definition
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Block carbonic anhydrase, slow movement of H⁺
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Na⁺/ HCO₃¯ lost in urine |
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Term
| Potassium- Sparing Diuretics |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Pull H2O into renal tubule w/out Na⁺ loss |
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