Term
| All drugs of abuse cause dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of stimulant drugs |
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Definition
- Amphetamines
- Cocaine
- Ritalin
- Ecstasy
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Term
| What is the method of action for cocaine? |
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Definition
| Blocks re-uptake of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine |
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Term
| What does Ritalin do at the synapse? |
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Definition
| Blocks re-uptake of dopamine |
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Term
| How is ritalin's action at the synapse different from cocaines? |
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Definition
| More gradual effect/lower dose |
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Term
| What does ecstasy do at the synapse? |
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Definition
| Increases dopamine release |
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Term
| What are the long-term effects of ecstasy to neurons? |
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Definition
| Destroys neurons, thinner layers in some areas of the brain |
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Term
| What are some psychological effects of ecstasy? |
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Definition
| Depression, anxiety, sleep problems, memory deficits |
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Term
| Hormones that ecstasy effects |
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Definition
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Term
| What is serotonin syndrome? |
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Definition
| Too much serotonin is released into the body |
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Term
| What type of receptor does nicotine use? |
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Definition
| Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor receptor |
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Term
| What is the effect of long term nicotine use on dopamine cells? |
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Definition
| Pleasures become less reinforcing |
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Term
|
Definition
- Morphine
- Heroine
- Methadone
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Term
| What receptors do opiates use? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do opioids increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens? |
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Definition
| Disinhibits dopamine neurons |
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Term
| What is methadone and how does it relate to heroine? |
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Definition
- Blocks high from opioids
- Cross tolerance with other opioids (like heroine) and long-lasting effects, stops opioid withdrawl syndrom
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Term
| How do cannabinoids increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens? |
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Definition
Indirectly increase dopamine in nucleus accumbens
Inhibit GABA in VTA --> more dopamine to nucleus accumbens |
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Term
| What is cannabinoids effect on glutamate and GABA? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some medicinal uses of cannabinoids? |
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Definition
- Decrease pain
- Decrease naseau
- Increase appetite
- Combats glaucoma
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Term
| What are some cognitive effects of cannabinoids? |
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Definition
- Intense sensory experiences
- Illusion of time passing slowly
- Can impair memory and cognition
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Term
| What are some withdrawal symptoms for heavy smokers? |
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Definition
- Anxiety
- Depression
- Stomach pains
- Craving
- Loss of appetite
- Sleep problems
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Term
| What is the natural ligand that binds to cannabinoid receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Facilitates effects of dopamine release in necleus accumbens |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| It acts as an antagonist of andenosine receptors |
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|
Term
| What does alcohol do to GABA transmission? |
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Definition
| It Combines with GABA to produce longer effects of GABA |
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|
Term
| What does alcohol do to glutamate? |
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Definition
| It is a glutamate receptor antagonist |
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