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Driver/Operator Handbook
Study questions for the Drivers Promotion
234
Other
Professional
02/27/2014

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Cards

Term
The main purpose of the fire department pumper is  to
Definition
provide water at an adequate pressure for fire streams
Term
The water supplied by the pumper may come from
Definition
the apperatus water tank, a fire hydrant, or static supply such as a lake, pond or a portable tank.
Term
NFPA 1901 standard states
Definition

that the minimum pump capacity for pumpers is 750gpm(3000 L/min)

and

for pumps larger than 750gpm standard pump capacities are found in incremints of 250gpm (1000l/min)

Term
Most large scale industirial foam pumpers use
Definition
some form of balanced pressure proportioning system
Term
Large scale pumpers are equiped with fire pumps that range in capacity from
Definition
1000-3000
Term
Most large foam pumpers have a foam tank with a capacity of
Definition
500-1500 gallons
Term
The most common size foam tanks for municipal fire apperatus range from
Definition
20-100 gallons
Term
Elevating water devices typically range in height from
Definition
50-75 feet
Term
Fire departments typicaly use two categorical descriptions for intial attack fire apperatus:
Definition
minipumpers and midipumpers
Term
Minpumpers
Definition
Smaller, quick attack pumpers, are designed to handle small fires that do not require the capacity of personnel needed for a large pumper
Term
Most minipumpers have pumps with a capacity of no larger than
Definition
500gpm with some ranging up to 1000gpm
Term
Midipumpers
Definition
Are suited for small fires as grass and dumpster fires, and for service calls that do not require the capacity and personnel of a larger pumper
Term
Midipumpers ussually have pumps with a capacity  as larege as
Definition
1000gpm
Term
The main difference between minipumper and midipumpers are
Definition
size, pump capicty, and the amount of equipment carried
Term
The majority of wildland fire apparatus, also known as breakers or booster apparatus have pump capacities and water tank sizes of than
Definition
500 gallons
Term
When operating near railroads, where should you park the apparatus , in regards to the railroad tracks?
Definition
On the same side of the tracks as the incident (pg 101)
Term

T/F

Vehicles with the ability to pump and roll use a separate motor or a power take-off to power the fire pump

Definition
True (pg 12)
Term
When using the booster apparatus there are two proper methods for making a moving fire attack, what are they
Definition

1. Have fire fighters using short sections of attack hose walk alongside the apparatus and extinguish fire as they go.

2. Use nozzles that are remotley controlled from inside the cab (Pg 12)

Term
When operating near railroads, where should you park the apparatus , in regards to the railroad tracks?
Definition
On the same side of the tracks as the incident (pg 101)
Term
Some jurisdictions design their apparatus so that firefighters may ride outside of the vehicle and discharge water as the vehicle is driven. Is this okay?
Definition
No, this practice is strictley prohibited (Pg 13)
Term
What kind of nozzles are effective in protecting the front of the apparatus and extinguishing small fires in short vegetation as the apparatus is advanced?
Definition
Ground sweep nozzles (pg 13)
Term
What are ARFF apparatus used for?
Definition

To provide immeadiate suppression of flammable liquid fires and suppression of spill vapors on airport properties

(pg 14)

Term
If it becomes absolutley necessary to stretch attack or supply lines across a raildroad track what should you do?
Definition
Attempt to confirm from the railroad company that traffic has been halted on that set of tracks.  If this is not possible, attempt to run the hose beneath the rails or use aerial apparatus to run hose ofer the top of the area (pg 101)
Term
When can ARFF vehicles respond off airport property to assist municipal firefighters?
Definition
At large scale flammable liquid incididents (pg 14)
Term
Apparatus equipped with an aerial device, ground ladders, fire pump, water tank, and fire hose are commonly referred to as what?
Definition
Quints (pg 16)
Term
The ____ is a step-up transformer that converts the vehicle's 12 or 24 volt DC current into a 110 or 220 volt AC current
Definition
Inverter (pg 17)
Term
What are the advantages of inverters?
Definition
Fuel efficiency and low or nonexistent noise during operation (pg 17)
Term
What are disadvantages of inverters?
Definition
Small capacities and limited mobility from the vehicle (pg 17)
Term
Inverters are generally capable of providing approximately how many watts of electrical power?
Definition
1500  watts (pg 17)
Term
At what tempature dose water convert to water vapor or steam?
Definition
212 degrees (pg 104)
Term
Portable generators are designed with a variety of power capablitities with how many watts of power being the largest?
Definition
5000 watts (pg 17)
Term
Vehicle mounted generators can have capacities of up to how much?
Definition
50,000 watts (pg 18)
Term
Portable lights generally range from___ to ____
Definition
300 to 1,000 watts (pg 18)
Term
Electrical cables or extension cords are necessary to conduct electrical power to portable equipment.  The most common size cable is a____
Definition
12-gauge 3 wire type (pg 18)
Term
What are the four basic types of powered hydraulic tools used by the rescue service?
Definition
Spreaders, shears, combination spreader/shears, and extension rams (pg 19)
Term
Most hydraulic tool pumps are not capable of supplying full power to the tool when the hose length between the pump and tool exceeds how much?
Definition
100 feet
Term
___means keeping the apparatus in a state of usefullness or readiness?
Definition
Matintence (pg 22)
Term
____ means to restore or replace that which has n=become inoperable.
Definition
Repair (pg 22)
Term
Who can carry out repair functions?
Definition
Qualified mechanics (pg 22)
Term
During the first______ months after an apparatus is received, while the paint and protective coating are new and unseasonded, the vehicle should be washed frequently with___water to harden the paint and keep it from spotting.
Definition
6 months; cold water
Term

The water pressure should be set so that the stram from the end of the hose is no more than how many feet in length?
Definition
1 foot (pg 24)
Term
Waxes or polishes should not be applied to apparatus until the paint is how old?
Definition
6 months (pg 25)
Term
One particular method of performing an aparatus/pretrip inspection is referred to as the ______
Definition
circle or walk-around method (pg 25)
Term
What happens during the walk-around or circle method?
Definition
The driver starts at the driver's door on the cab and works around the apparatus in a clockwise patteren. The final step involves the driver getting in the cab, starting the apparatus and performing a functional check on apparatus systems. (pg 25)
Term
Why is deisel exhaust dangerous to personnel?
Definition
It is known to emit benzene derivatives that have shown to be carcinogenic in laboratory test (pg 27)
Term
Hearing protection should be worn if any personnel will be exposed to noise level in excess of many decibles?
Definition
90 (pg 33)
Term
What device on the apparatus turns various lights on at specified intervals so that the start-up electrical load for all of the decives do not occur at the same time?
Definition
The load sequencer (pg 33)
Term
What device "watches" the system for added electrical loads that threaten to overload the system?
Definition
The load monitor (pg 33)
Term
When an overload condition occurs, the load monitor will shut down less important electrical equipment to prevent the overload.  This is referred to as what?
Definition
Load shedding (pg 33)
Term
____is the distance that the pedal must be pushed before the throw-out bearing actually contacts the clucth realease fingers.
Definition
Free play (pg 33)
Term
Steering wheel play should be no more than about how many degrees in either direction?
Definition
10 degrees (pg 34)
Term
On a steering wheel that has a 20-inch diameter, this will mean a play of about how many inches
Definition
2 inches (pg 34)
Term
An NFPA 1901 test requires that new apparatus be brought to a complete stop froma soeed of 20mph in a distance not to exceed how many feet?
Definition
35 feet (pg 34)
Term
The standard also requires the parking brake to hold the apparatus in place on a grade of how much?
Definition
20 percent (pg 34)
Term
On apparatus equipped with air brakes, the standard requires the air pressure to build to a sufficient level to allow vehicle operations within how many seconds of starting?
Definition
60 seconds (pg 34)
Term
Apparatus with air brakes are to be equipped with an air pressure protection valve that prevents the air horns from being operated when the pressure in the air reservoir drops below what?
Definition
80 psi (pg 34)
Term
To test the road brakes, allow the apparatus to move forward at about 5mph, then push down on the brake firmly.  The apparatus should come to a complete stop within about how many feet?
Definition
20 feet (pg 34)
Term
What do the SAE numbers indicate for the engine oil?
Definition
Only the viscosity (pg 38)
Term
Emergency vehicles are generally not exempt from laws that require vehicles to stop for school buses that are flashing signal light to indicate that children are boarding or disembarking.  When is it safe for fire aparatus to proceed?
Definition
After a proper signal is given by the bus driver or police officer. (pg 49)
Term
Before responding to calls, how ling should the driver let the apparatus idle before putting it into road gear?
Definition
As long as possible; for nonemergency calls this could be 3 to 5 minutes (pg 50)
Term
The starter control should be operated in intervals of no more than___seconds, with a rest of ____seconds between each try if the vehicle does not start sooner.
Definition
30 seconds; 60 seconds (pg 52)
Term
If the oil pressure gauge does not indicate any reasonable amount of oil pressure within___to ___seconds of starting the apparatus; stop the engine immediately and have the lubracating system checked by a trained mechanic.
Definition
5 to 10 seconds (pg 52)
Term
What occurs when the throttle aplication is greater than necessary for a given set of conditions?
Definition
Lugging (pg 55)
Term
Long idling periods can result in the use of how many gallons of fuel per hour?
Definition
1/2 gallon (pg 56)
Term
A hot engine should be idled until it has cooled. Generally, an idle period of how long is recommended?
Definition
3 to 5 minutes (pg 56)
Term
It is most desirable for riders of emergency vehicles to don their protective gear before getting in the apparartus.  What is the one exception to this rule?
Definition
The diver/operator himself. (pg57)
Term
NFPA 1500 states that all riders must be seated and belted.  What are the 3 exceptions to this rule?
Definition

1. When providing patient care in the back of an ambulance.

2. When loading hose back onto a fire apparatus.  

3. When perofrming training for personnel learning to drive the tiller portion of a tractor-drawn aerial apparatus

Term
Most laws ordinances provide that other vehicles must do what until the emergency vehicle has passed?
Definition

Pull toward the right remain at a standstill until the emergency vehicle has a passed (pg 59)

Term
The____is the sum of the driver/operator reaction distance and the vehicle braking distance.
Definition
Total stopping distance (pg 60)
Term
The____is the distance  the vehicle travels from the time the brakes are applied until the apparatus comes to a complete stop.
Definition
Braking distance (pg 62)
Term
Tire chains tend to lose their effectivness in snow that is deeper than how many inches?
Definition
8 inches (pg 66)
Term
How many times more distance does it take a vehicle to come to a complete stop on snow and ice than it does on dry concrete?
Definition
3 to 15 times more. (pg 67)
Term
An emergency vehicle moving at 40 mph can project how many feet in front of the vehicle?
Definition
300 feet (pg 67)
Term
At a speed of 60 mph the siren is only audible how many feet in front of the vehicle?
Definition
12 feet or less (pg 67)
Term
How far should emergency units travel apart from each other?
Definition
300 to 500 feet (pg 68)
Term
Should headlights be turned on while in response?
Definition
Yes, white lights can be readily be distinguisehd during daylight hours (pg 68)
Term
What is the primary way water extingusihes fire?
Definition
By cooling, or absorbing heat from the fire.  Another way is by smoothering  (pg 104)
Term
Should one drive with high beam headlights on constantly?
Definition
No, because they tend to drown out the other warning lights. (pg 68)
Term
Always position uphill from a vehicle fire in case bruing fuel begins leaking from the vehicle.  What is the exception to this rule?
Definition
When positioning at a wildland fire, because wildland fires move uphill faster than on even terrain (pg 79)
Term
What should the collaspse zone be equal to?
Definition
The collapse zone should be equal to the height of the building (pg 80)
Term
What does the presence of ornamental stars or large bolts with washers at various intervals on exterior walls indicate?
Definition
That reinforcement ties are present to hold otherwise unstable walls in place. (pg 80)
Term
In regards to a possible collapse, where is the safest place for an apparatus to park?
Definition
At the corners of the building (pg 80)
Term
If the building is less than 5 stories tall, where should  apparatus park?
Definition
Engine compainies should park on the side of the street closest to the building and aerials should park on the outside. (pg 81)
Term
If the building is higher than 5 stories how should apparatus park?
Definition
The engines should take the outside position and the aerials should park next to the building. (pg 81)
Term
When should hard suction hose be connected to a fire hydrant?
Definition
Never (pg 84)
Term
What is the perferred type of hose for connection to a fire hydrant?
Definition
Large diameter intake hose, sometimes referred to as a soft sleve or soft suction hose (pg 85)
Term
What is a good way to minimize kinks in soft sleeve hose?
Definition
Put two full twists in the hose when making the connection between the hydrant and the pumper (pg 86)
Term
What happens in dual pumping?
Definition
One strong hydrant may be used to supply two pumpers.  Also the pumpers are connected intake to intake. (pg 89)
Term
What happens in tandem pumping?
Definition
This is used when pressures higher than a single engine is capable of supplying are required.  In tandem pumping, the pumper directly attached to the water supply source pumps water through its discharge outlet into the intake of the second engine. (pg 89)
Term
The highest priority for most wildland firefighting operation is the protection of structures that are exposed to the fire.  This boundary between the wildland and structural development is often referred to as what?
Definition
Wildland/urban interface (pg 90)
Term
What are the two types of equipment used to refill SCBA cylinders on the scene?
Definition
Cascade systems and breathing air compressors (pg 95)
Term
What is the difference between cascade systems and breathing air compressors?
Definition
Cascade systems are large breathing air cylinders that are connected together in banks and allow air to be transferred from the large cylinders into the smaller.  Breathing air compressors are engine-driven appliances that take in atmospheric air, purify it, and compress it (pg 95)
Term
What is level 1 staging?
Definition
Level 1 staging is used on every emergency reponse when two companies performing like functions are dispatched.  The first due company proceed directly to the scene.  Later arriving units park or stage at least one block away (pg 97)
Term
What is level 2 staging?
Definition
This is used when numerous emergency vehicles will be responding to an incident.  An apparatus staging  area is designated and later arriving companies are informed of the staging area and report diretly to that location (pg 97)
Term
When providing barriers on highways, what lanes of traffic should be blocked?
Definition
At least one lane next to the incident lane should be closed (pg 99)
Term
How far should you park additional units from apparatus creating the barrier?
Definition
150 to 200 feet (pg 100)
Term
The___zone is an area surronding the incitdent that has been contaminated a released material.
Definition
The hot. (pg 100)
Term
The____zone is an area abutting the hot zone and extending to the cold zone.  This zone is also used to decontaminatie personnel and equipment exiting the hot zone
Definition
Warm zone (pg 100)
Term
When operating near railrods, where should you park the apparatus , in regards to the tracks?
Definition
On the same side as the incident. (pg 101)
Term
The____zone encompasses the warm zone and is used to carry out all other support functions of the incident.
Definition
Cold  (pg 100)
Term
Water is affected by two natural laws of physics, what are they?
Definition
"The law of specific heat" and "The law of latent heat of vaporazation" (pg 104)
Term
_____is the measure of the heat-absorbing capacity of a substance.
Definition
Specific heat (pg 104)
Term
A______is the amount of heat required to raise tempature of 1 pound of water 1 degree.
Definition

BTU (british thermal unit)

(pg 104)

Term
The quantity of heat absorbed by a substance when it changes from a liquid to a vapor is called what?
Definition
The latent heat of vaporazation. (pg 105)
Term
Each pound of water requires approximatley how many btu's of additional heat to completely convert into steam?
Definition

970 BTU's 

(pg 105)

Term
_____is the tendacy of a liquid to passess internal resistance to flow.
Definition
Viscosity (pg 108)
Term
The density of liquids in realation to water is known as what?
Definition
Specific gravity. (pg 108)
Term
______is the  simple measure of weight and is ussually expressed in pounds or killgrams.
Definition
Force (pg 108)
Term
The speed at which water travels is often referred to as_____
Definition
Velocity (pg 110)
Term
_____is defined as force per unit area
Definition
Pressure (pg 108)
Term
Any pressure less than atmospheric pressure is called____
Definition
Vacuum (pg 111)
Term
Absoulute zero pressure is called a____
Definition
Perfect vacuum (pg 111)
Term
______in the fire service is refers to the height of a water supply above the discharge orifice.
Definition
Head (pg 111)
Term
The water flow definition of ____is stored potential energy available to force water through pipe, fittings, fire housem and adapters.
Definition
Static pressure (pg 112)
Term
___means at rest or without motion.
Definition
static (pg 112)
Term
_____is that pressure found in water distribution systems during normal consumption demands.
Definition
normal operating pressure (pg 113)
Term
That part of the total available pressure not used to overcome friction loss oe gravity while forcing water thhrough pipe, fittings, fire hose, and adapters is caled what?
Definition
Residual Pressure (pg 113)
Term
____means a remainder or that which is left.
Definition
Residual (pg 113)
Term
_____is that forward velocity pressue at a discharge opening while water is flowing.
Definition
Flow pressure (pg 113)
Term
_____refers to the center line of the pump or the bottom of a statuc water supply source above or below dround level.
Definition
Elevation (pg 113)
Term
________position of an object above or below sea level.
Definition
Altitude (pg 113)
Term
Both pressure loss and pressure gain are referred to as what?
Definition
Elevation pressure (pg 113)
Term
Above sea level, atmospheric pressure decreases how much for every 1000 feet?
Definition
0.5 psi (pg 113)
Term
That part of the total pressure lost while forfcing water through pipe, fittings, fire hose, and adapters is known as what?
Definition
Friction loss. (pg 114)
Term
There are pratical limits to the velocity or speed at which a stream an travel.  If the velocity is increased beyond these limit, the friction becomes so great that the entire stream is agitated by resistance.  This agititation causes a degree of turbulence called what?
Definition
Critical velocity (pg 116)
Term
Suddenly stopping water moving through a hose or pipe results in an energy surge being transmitted in the opposite direction.  This surge is referred to as what?
Definition
Water hammer (pg 117)
Term
What are the three methods of moving water through a system?
Definition
Direct pumpimg system, gravity system, and combination system. (pg 118)
Term
A fire hydrant that only receives water from one direction is known as what?
Definition
A dead-end hydrant (pg 120)
Term
When a fire hydrant recieves water from two or more directions, it is said to have____or a_____
Definition
Circulating feed or a looped line. (pg 120)
Term
A dsitribution system that provides circulatig feed from several mains consititutes a _____
Definition
Grid system (pg 120)
Term
A grid system should consist of what components?
Definition

Primary feeders, secondary feeders, and distributors

(pg 120)

Term
In residential areas what is the recommended size for fire hydrant supply mains?
Definition
At least 6 inches (pg 120)
Term
In the business adn industrial districts what is the minimum recommended supply main size?
Definition
8 inches with cross-connecting mains every 600 feet. (pg 120)
Term
What is the function of a valve in a water distrubution system?
Definition
To porvide a means for controlling the flow of water through the distribution piping (pg 121)
Term
How often should valves be opperated to keep them in good condition?
Definition
At least once a year (pg 121)
Term
The___is the average of the total amount of water used ina water disribution system over the period of one year
Definition
Average daily consumption. (pg 123)
Term
The_______is the maximum total amoutn of water that was ysed during any 24 hour period within a 3 year period.
Definition
Maximum daily consumption (pg 123)
Term
The______is the maximum of water used in any 1 hour interval over the course of a day.
Definition
Peak hourly consumption. (pg 123)
Term
_______can be defined as a stream of water or other extinguishing agent after it leaves a fire hose and nozzle until it reaches the desired point
Definition
Fire stream. (pg 126)
Term
A______is a fire stream produced from a fixed orifice, smooth bore nozzle?
Definition
solid stream (pg 126)
Term
What is the maximum amoutn of water that can safely flow throgh a handline nozzle?
Definition
350gpm (pg 131)
Term
Any fire stream that is too large to be controlled without mechanical aide is called what?
Definition
Master stream (pg 131)
Term
What are the four basic catergories of master stream devices?
Definition
Monitor, turret pipe, deluge set, and elevated master stream. (pg 132)
Term
What is the difference between a monitor and a deluge set?
Definition
With a monitor the stream direction and angle can be changed while water is being discharged. (pg 132)
Term
What are the 3 basic types of monitiors?
Definition
Fixed combination and portable. (pg 132)
Term
A_______is mounted on a fire apparatus deck and is connected directly to the pump by a permanent pipe.
Definition
A turret pipe (pg 132)
Term
The turret pipe is also sometimes called a___or_____
Definition
Deck gun or deck pipe (pg 132)
Term
Cellar nozzles, also called________, are often used on basements fires.  These nozzles can be lowered through holes cut in the floor or through some other suitabe opening.
Definition
Distributors (pg 134)
Term
Can piercing nozzles be used to deliver AFFF to a confined area?
Definition
yes (pg 135)
Term
As water is dischraged from a nozzle at a given pressure a force pushes back on the firefighters handling the hose line.  This counterforce is known as?
Definition
nozzle reaction.  (pg 136)
Term
What is the prime objective of the driver/operator?
Definition
To provide fire fire suppresion crews with the water flow and pressure needed to achieve efficient fire control and /or extinguishment. (pg 140)
Term
Elevation differences such as hills, gullies, aerial devices, or multistoried buildings, create a pressure loss or gain known as what?
Definition
Elevation pressure (pg 141)
Term
Combined friction loss and elevation pressure loss is referred to as what?
Definition
total pressure loss (pg 141)
Term
What is the only truly accurate method for determing pressure loss in any particular hose lay?
Definition
By messuring the pressure at both ends of the hose and subtracting the difference (pg 142)
Term
When properly calibrated and in good working condition, flowmeters should e accurate to a toloreance of 3 percent.  This means that the readout should not be more thatn___gallons high or low for every 100 gpm flowing.
Definition
3 gallons (pg 193)
Term
Each discharge equiped with a flowmeter has a digital readout display mounted how far from the valve control for that discharge?
Definition
6 inches (pg 193)
Term
How do possitive displacement pumps differ from centrifugal pumps?
Definition
Possitvie displacements pumps can pump air. (pg 205)
Term
What are the 2 basci types of possitive displacement pumps?
Definition
piston and rotary (pg 205)
Term
With piston pumps the forward stroke causes water to be discharged and the return stroke causes the pump to fill with water again.  This is known as a_______
Definition
Sing-acting piston pump. (pg 206)
Term
The____consist of two gears that rotate ina tightly meshed pattern inside a watertight case.
Definition
Rotary gear pump. (pg 206)
Term
The____is constructed with movable elements that atmatically compensate for wear and maintain a tighter fit with closer clearances as the pump is used.
Definition
Rotary Vane pump (pg 207)
Term
In theory the operation of a ________is based on the principle that a rapidly revolving disks tends to throw water into its center toward the outer edge of the disk.
Definition
Centrifigul pump (pg 208)
Term
Fundamentally, the centrifigul pump consists of two parts what are they?
Definition
An impeller and a casing (pg 208)
Term
In a centrifigul pump the ____transmits energy in the form of velocity to the water.
Definition
Impeller (pg 208)
Term
In a centrifigu pump, the _____collects the water and confines it in order to convert the velocity into pressure.
Definition
Casing (pg 208)
Term
What are the 3 main factors that influence a centrifigul pumps discharge pressure?
Definition
AMount of water being discharged, speed at which the impeller is turning, and pressure of water when it enters the pump from a pressureized source. (pg 209)
Term
The proccess of switching from between pressure and volums is sometimes reffered to as what?
Definition
Changeover (pg 212)
Term
Advances in design and efficiency now allow most pump manufactures to specify that the pump mau remain in the pressure system until it is necessary to flow more than____of the rated volume capacity.
Definition
two thirds (pg 212)
Term
What is the first indication the wear on the pump is becoming a problem?
Definition
When increased engine rpm is required to pump the rated capacity in pump tests. (pg 215)
Term
_____pumps are those pumps that are powered by a gasoline or disel engine indipendent of an engine used to drive the vehicle.
Definition
Auxillary engine-driven pumps. (pg 216)
Term
In a vehicle designed for pump and roll operation, a pressure gauge should be mounted inside the cab in full view of the driver.  Should the vehicle be driven by the presseure guage or the speedodmiter while hoselines are in operation?
Definition
By the pressure guage because the pressure changes when the driver changes the vehicle speed. (pg 218)
Term
What is the disadvantage of the front mount pump?
Definition
The pump and gauge are more susceptabile to freeing in could climates. (pg 218)
Term
What are most piping systems made of?
Definition

Cast iron, brass, stainless steel, or galvanized steel.

(pg 221)

Term
The piping system must be able to withstand a hydrostatic test of how much psi before being placed in service?
Definition
500psi (pg 221)
Term
This involves removing all of or most of the air from the pump thus lowering the atmospheric pressure within the pump casing.
Definition
Priming (pg 221)
Term
What are the 2 ways water may enter in the fire pump?
Definition
Through piping that connects the pump and the onboard water tank and piping that is used to connect the pump to an external water supply (pg 221)
Term
Intake piping is round in shape at the point where the intake hose connects to it.  As the piping nears pump itselfit typicaly tapers into what kind of shape and why?
Definition
A square shape because it eliminates the vortex that may occur in water that flows through circular piping.  This vortex could result in air entering the pump. (pg 222)
Term
The most common type of valve is the______valve that permits full flow through the lines with a minimum of friction loss.
Definition
Ball type vlave. (pg 225)
Term
When the pressure control system is in control of the pressure in the pump, what color illuminates on the on the pump panel?
Definition
a yellow indicator light. (pg 228)
Term
What is the main feature of pressure governor?
Definition
It regulates the power output of the engine to match pump discharge requiements. (pg 230)
Term
What can occur when the pump is run for prolonges periods during which no water is being discharged?
Definition
Overheating (pg 237)
Term

The______provides a realitive indication of battery condition and alternator output by measuring the drop in voltage as some of the more demanding electrical accessories, such as the primer are used.

 

Definition
Voltmeter (pg 237)
Term
The primary function of______is to control the temperature of coolant in the apparatus engine during pumping operations.
Definition
auxiliary coolers (pg 239)
Term
In situtations where a dramatic failure of a radiator hose or other cooling system element occurs while the pump is supplying hoselines for crews in dangerous positions, what should be done?
Definition
A water stream may be directed by the engine to maintain some form of cooling until crews may be withdrawn to safety. (pg 240)
Term
Test have indicated that the apparatus may overide the parking brake system at engine speeds as low as_______
Definition
1,300 rpm's (pg 243)
Term
When operating from the water tank, if it appears that the pump will be required to furnish mor than____percent of its rated capacity, it should be  set to the parallel(volume)position from the start.
Definition
1/2 (pg 247)
Term
What are the 2 basic pressurized water supply sources that may be used to supply a fire pump?
Definition
A hydrant or a supply hose from another fire pump. (pg 250)
Term
Stopping at the hydrant, dropping the end of one or more supply lines at the hydrant, and proceeding to the fire location is known as a________
Definition
Foward lay (pg 251)
Term
When using 2 1/2 or 3 inch hoselines to supply the pumper directly off of hydrant pressure, it is recommended that the lines be no longer than how many feet?
Definition
300 feet (pg 253)
Term
With this lay hose is laid from the fire to the water source.
Definition
Reverse lay. (pg 253)
Term
When a pumper is connected to a hydrant and is not discharing water, the pressure shown on the intake gauge is the ______pressure
Definition
static (pg 257)
Term
When a pumper is connected to a hydrant and the pumper is discharging water, guage is reading the____pressure
Definition
residual (pg 257)
Term
What is the atmospheric pressure at sea level?
Definition
14.7 psi (pg 260)
Term
Atmospheric pressure decreases ____psi for each 1,000 feet of elevation gain.
Definition
0.5psi (pg 260)
Term
_____can be described as that condition where, in theory, water is being discharged from the pump faster than it is coming in.
Definition
Cavitation (pg 261)
Term
What are some indidcations of cavitation?
Definition
The hose streams will fluctuate, as will the pressure gauge on the pump.  A distinctive sound described as a popping or sputtering may be heard as the water leaves the nozzle.  The lack of reaction on the pressure gauge to changes in the setting of the throttle (pg 261)
Term
In drafting operations there should be a minimum of ______inches of water over the strainer.
Definition
24 inches (pg 262)
Term
When chosing the type of water to draft water that is below__degrees or above____dregrees may adversely impact the pumps ability to reach capacity.
Definition
Below 35 degrees or above 90 degrees (pg 264)
Term
When drafting all fire pumps are rated to pump their capacity at___feet of lift.
Definition
10feet (pg 264)
Term
For effective operation the maximum lift considered to be reasonable for most fire department pumpers is about____feet
Definition
20 (pg 265)
Term
The entire priming action typicaly requires__to___seconds from start to finish, but it should not take more than____seconds.
Definition
10 to 15, and no more than 30 (pg 267)
Term
What is the most common cause of inability to prime?
Definition
An air leak that prevents the primer from developing enough vacumm to successfully draft water. (pg 267)
Term
While the pump is operating a gradual increase in the vacumm reading may be noted with no change in the flow rate.  What is this an indication of?
Definition
That a blockage is developing. (pg 268)
Term
Where is the most common place for a blockage to develop?
Definition
At the strainer (pg 268)
Term
A_____operation uses a pumper at the water supply source to pump water under pressure through one or more hoselines to the next pumper in line.
Definition
Relay (pg 311)
Term
What relay method involves flowing a predetermined volume of water for the maximum distance that it can be pumped through  a particular hose lay?
Definition
Maximum distance realy method.  (pg 317)
Term
What relay method establishes the maximum flow available from a particular relay setup by using a constant pressure in the system?
Definition
The constant pressure relay method. (pg 319)
Term
What are the two baic types of foam?
Definition
Chemical and mechanical (pg 356)
Term
The raw foam liquid as it rest in its storage container before the introduction of water and air is called what?
Definition
Foam conentrate (pg 356)
Term
The device that introduces foam concitrate into the water stream to make the solution is called what?
Definition
Foam proportioner (pg 356)
Term
The completed product after air is introduced into the foam solution is called what?
Definition
foam (pg 356)
Term
Crude oil, fuel oil, gasoline, benzine, naphtha, jet fuel, and kerosene, are petroleum based and float on water, and are all examples of what?
Definition
Hydrocarbon fuels (pg 356)
Term
Alcohol, acetone, laquer thinner, ketones, and esters, are flammable liquids that are miscible in water and are all examples of what?
Definition
Polar solvants (pg 356)
Term
Foam extinguishes/ or prevents fire by what methods?
Definition
Separating, cooling, suppressing (pg 357)
Term
What are the four basic methods by which foam may be proportioned?
Definition
Induction, injection, batch mixing, and premixing (pg 357)
Term
The____porportioning foam uses the pressure energy  in the strem of water to draft foam concintrate into the fire stream.
Definition
Inductioning (pg 357)
Term
Which method of porportioning foam uses an external pump or head pressure to force foam concentrate into the fire stream at the correct ratio in comparison to the flow?
Definition
Injection method (pg 358)
Term
_____occurs when an appropiate amount of foam concentrate is poured directly into a tank of water.
Definition
Batch mixing (pg 358)
Term
With this method of proportioning premeasured portions of water and foam concentrate are mixed in a container.
Definition
Premixing (pg 358)
Term
Class A foam is used on class A fuels which are?
Definition
ordinary combustiables (pg 360)
Term
Class B foam is to be used on Class B fuels which are?
Definition
Flammable and combustible liquids (pg 360)
Term
_____refers to the increases in volume of a foam solution when it is aerated.
Definition
Foam epansion (pg 363)
Term

T/F

AFFF is completely synthetic?

Definition
True (pg 365)
Term
As water a high pressure passes over a reduced opening, it creates a low pressure area near the outlet side of the educator.  This low pressure area creates a suction effect, called the_____
Definition
Venturi principle (pg 366)
Term
What is the disadvantage of the batch mixing method for proportioning?
Definition
All the water onboard the apparatus is converted to foam solution (pg 373)
Term
How does IFSTA define a handline nozzle?
Definition
Any nozzle that one to three firefighters can safely handle and that flows less than 350gpm's (pg 374)
Term
In relation to foam application techniques, which method directs the foam on the ground near the front edge of a burning liquid pool?
Definition
The roll on method (pg 378)
Term
In foam application techniuqes which method directs the foam an object, allowing foam to run down onto the surface of the fuel?
Definition
Bank down method (pg 378)
Term
In foam app tech, Which method directs foam stream into the air above the fire or the spill and allows the foam to gently float down onto the surface of the fuel?
Definition
Rain down method (pg 378)
Term
How often will service be conducted while the apparatus is still in service?
Definition
On a yearly basis, or whenever it has undergone extinsive pump or power train repair. (pg 378)
Term

While the pump testing is procedding regularly check the couplings to make sure that the hose is not starting to pull loose of the coupling.  If your scribe mark moves

_____ more than how far away from the coupling, must you stop the test and replace the hose?

Definition
3/8 (pg 383)
Term
After testing the fire pump and tests reveal a loss of than____percent of its capabilities, the pump should either be taken out of service or given a lower rating based on the test results.
Definition
90 percent (pg 394)
Term
The ability of a substance to conduct an electrical current is known as what?
Definition
Conductivity. (pg 396)
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