Term
| (04-06) What is the main function of blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) Name five items blood transports. |
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Definition
| Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients (between GI tract and tissues), hormones, waste materials |
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Term
| (04-06) How does blood facilitate immunity? |
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Definition
| Transportation of leukocytes |
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Term
| (04-06) What percent of body mass is blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) In a 70 kg man, how much blood do they have? |
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Definition
| (70 kg)(80ml/kg)=5600 ml of blood=5.6 L of blood |
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Term
| (04-06) What cells make up the majority of blood? What percentage of blood is made up? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What percentage of the blood is plasma? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What percentage of blood is the buffy coat? What is it made of? |
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Definition
| Less than 1%; leukocytes and platelets |
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Term
| (04-06) Define hematocrit. |
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Definition
| The percent of total blood volume that is made up of red blood cells |
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Term
| (04-06) What are the normal hematocrit values for males, females, and newborns? |
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Definition
| Males: 42-52%; Females: 37-47%; Newborns: 55-68% |
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Term
| (04-06) What is the diagnosis for a low hematocrit value? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What is the diagnosis for a high hematocrit value? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What are the common causes of Anemia? |
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Definition
| Nutritional, pernicious, aplastic, renal, hemolytic, hemorrhagic |
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Term
| (04-06) What is aplastic anemia? |
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Definition
| Bone marrow does not produce enough blood cells |
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Term
| (04-06) In blood, what is iron's role? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) In blood, what is the role of folic acid? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What does pernicious anemia mean? |
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Definition
| Some factor damages the release of the intrinsic factor (IF) by parietal cells in the stomach. This inhibition of IF makes it difficult to absorb vitamin B12, which is necessary for thymine synthesis. |
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Term
| (04-06) What can cause pernicious anemia? |
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Definition
| Autoimmune disorders, ulcers, excessive alcohol intake |
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Term
| (04-06) What is aplastic anemia? |
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Definition
| Bone marrow does not produce enough blood cells |
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Term
| (04-06) What can cause aplastic anemia? |
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Definition
| Autoimmune damage, radiation |
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Term
| (04-06) What is renal anemia? |
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Definition
| Kidney has decreased production of erythopoietin (EPO), which inhibits the stimulation of bone marrow red blood cell production. |
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Term
| (04-06) What is hemolytic anemia? |
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Definition
| An increased breakdown of red blood cells |
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Term
| (04-06) What can cause hemolytic anemia? |
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Definition
| infections (malaria, mycoplasma), autoimmune attack, hereditary diseases (sickle cell anemia, thalassemia) |
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Term
| (04-06) What is hemorrhagic anemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What can cause hemorrhagic anemia? |
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Definition
| Injury, menstruation, child birth |
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Term
| (04-06) What are the three causes of polycythemia? |
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Definition
| Primary (overproduction of red blood cells in the bone marrow); Secondary (increased EPO -- natural or otherwise); Relative (decreased plasma volume -- dehydration) |
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Term
| (04-06) What does polycythemia vera do? How do you treat it? |
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Definition
| Increases red blood cell production; treatment by bleeding |
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Term
| (04-06) What are the consequences of polycythemia? |
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Definition
| thickened viscous blood, which can lead to high blood pressure and cardiac damage |
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Term
| (04-06) What percentage of plasma is inorganic materials? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What percentage of plasma is organic materials? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) What percentage of plasma is water? |
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Definition
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Term
| (04-06) In the organic section of plasma, what are the substituents? What percentage are these materials? |
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Definition
| Albumin (55%); globulin (35%); fibrinogen (5%); enzymes (5%); metabolites (1%) |
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Term
| (04-06) What are plasma enzymes used for? |
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Definition
| diagnosis -- these enzymes are non-functional in plasma |
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Term
| (04-06) What is the function of albumins? |
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Definition
| Large proteins that are responsible for colloidal (oncotic) pressure |
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Term
| (04-06) What does globulin do? |
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Definition
| Transports lipids, hormones, etc. |
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Term
| (04-06) Where is fibrinogen synthesized? What does it do? |
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Definition
| Synthesized in liver; important for clotting |
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Term
| (04-06) What does the suffix "-ogen" indicate? |
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Definition
| "inactive precursor"; something that floats around inactive until there's an inducer |
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Term
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Definition
| Plasma minus fibrinogens and other clotting factors |
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