Term
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Definition
| System or device for delivering the drug to the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Additional formulation aids that may be necessary for a successful preparation of a dosage form. |
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Definition
| Additives used to increase the bulk weight or volume of a dosage form. Easier handled by patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inactive substances used as a carrier for the active ingredients of a medication. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that retard, minimize, or prevent the growth of bacteria or other microorganism in the dosage form. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tablets, suppositories, lozenges, powders and granules |
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Term
| Solid dosage forms advantages |
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Definition
Increased stability, shelflife
ease of packaging, storage, dispensing, and transport
accurate dosing
controlled release
self administration
little to no taste or smell, in most cases. |
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Term
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Definition
Drug is enclosed in a gelatin shell
dissolves in stomach after 10-30 min
size ranges from 000 (largest) to 5 (smallest)
000 is usually not able to be swallowed contents are sprinkled over food.
can be solid gelatin or flexible caps
come in many color making them popular |
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Term
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Definition
| Chewable, Enteric-coated (EC), Sublingual, Buccal, Film-coated, Effervescent, Pellets, and Vaginal. |
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Term
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Definition
Hard, Oval, or discoid solid dosage form
Dissolve Slowly
Also Called Troches or Pastilles |
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Term
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Definition
insertion into cavities
Vaginal called inserts
Effect local or systemic |
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Term
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Definition
finely ground mixtures of dry drugs
can be mixed with water to use in wet state |
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Term
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Definition
Powders ground into course, irregular pieces
Carbon Dioxide can be added to make them effervescent |
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Term
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Definition
Fluid Medium
Water, Alcohol or Mineral Oil |
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Term
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Definition
Homogeneous (evenly distributed)
mixtures of one or more dissolved meds (Solute) in a liquid vehicle (solvent) |
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Term
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Definition
| directed into a body cavity to remove debris or disinfect |
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Term
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Definition
used to wash eyes, the urinary bladder, or open wounds.
larger volumes and area than douches |
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Term
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Definition
| introduced into the rectum to empty the bowel or treat disease |
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Term
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Definition
| solutions that treat diseases of the throat; not swallowed |
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Term
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Definition
used to cleanse or bathe a body part, such as eyes or mouth; not swallowed
Example: Scope, Listerine |
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Term
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Definition
solutions delivered as a mist against the mucous membranes of the nose and throat
Example: Afrin, Neo-Synephrine |
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Term
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Definition
sterile drug solution introduced beneath the skin, into the muscle, or into the bloodstream.
Example: D5W |
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Term
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Definition
Thick aqueous solution. Mixture of sugar and drug. Used in Peds.
Example: Robitussin, Triaminic |
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Term
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Definition
thick, adhesive liquids containing pulpy components of vegetable matter
Example: Metamucil |
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Term
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Definition
Hydro-alcoholic liquid sweetened, stable, and easy to prep.
Alcohol usually 3-25%
Example: Donnatal, digoxin, phenobarbital |
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Term
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Definition
Hydro-alcoholic solution prepared from vegetables, animal or chemical materials having higher alcohol content than elixers
Example: tincture of Opium, Tincture of Iodine |
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Term
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Definition
Contain no water
Drug dissolved directly in ethyl alcohol
Example: Collodion |
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Term
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Definition
| mixture of two liquids that normally do not mix. Liquid broken into smaller parts is internal phase, the other is called the external or continuous phase. A emulsifying agent is used. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used in Emulsions the molecule has a head that is water loving and a lipid loving tail. This keeps the oil and water together. |
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Term
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Definition
mixtures of fine particles of insoluble solid (Internal or dispersed phase)distributed though a gas, liquid, or solid (dispersion or external phase)
Always attach a "Shake Well" sticker |
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Term
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Definition
IM or SQ injections
depot therapy (Time release) |
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Term
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Definition
external use
cool,soothe, dry, or protect skin.
Example: Calamine Lotion |
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Term
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Definition
semi-solid
should have a "for external use only" sticker
topical application or eye |
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Term
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Definition
semisolid
external application water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsions
"for external use only" sticker |
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Term
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Definition
ointment-like
stiffer, less greasy, and water based than ointments
"for external use only" sticker |
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Term
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Definition
Two phase system. Solid internal phase diffused throughout a viscous liquid phase.
"For external use only"
Example: K-Y jelly, xylocaine viscous |
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Term
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Definition
Solutions or suspensions of solid or liquid particles in gas or air.
"Shake well before use" label
Example: Ventolin, Azmacort |
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Term
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Definition
suspensions of very fine liquid or solid drug particles in a gas propellant, packaged under pressure
3 Parts: 1.Concentrate, 2.container, 3.propellant
rapid onset external or internal
hard to reach areas or abraded areas
Example: Bactine, Tinactin, ProctoForm-HC |
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Term
| Metered-dose Inhaler (MDI) |
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Definition
used in inhalation therapy for potent meds
Accurate, fixed amount of drug is delivered with a single depression of the actuator
Examples: Advair, Aerobid, Ventolin |
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Term
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Definition
2ml to 50ml
Single Dose, or multi dose
Some come as powder that need to be reconstituted |
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Term
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Definition
Self contained glass containers
Neck is broken open to draw out sterile liquid with a filtered straw or needle |
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Term
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Definition
through the mouth and swallowed
Abbreviated PO |
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Term
| Sublingual and Buccal Route |
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Definition
| administered into the mouth. Sublingual is placed under the tongue, Buccal is placed inside the cheek. Abbreviation for sublingual is SL. Both routes provide rapid onset of action. Buccal is slower. |
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Term
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Definition
| delivery of meds via a needle into the skin, SubQ, Muscles, or Veins |
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Term
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Definition
Intravenous route. through a needle into the vein
Rapid reaction. Must be Sterile and free of particles |
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Term
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Definition
| IV meds pushed quickly over a small amount if time (IV PUSH) |
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Term
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Definition
| Drug infused into a vein over hours or days by constant infusion or drip. |
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Term
| Intramuscular Injection (IM) |
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Definition
direct injection of meds into a muscle
Common sites: upper arm, thigh, buttock
More rapid than oral |
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Term
| Subcutaneous (SC, subQ, or SQ) |
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Definition
Drug is injected under the skin in fatty tissue not muscle
absorbed more slowly than IV or IM. |
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Term
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Definition
| into the top layer of skin |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| into the abdominal cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| into the sac surrounding the lung |
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Term
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Definition
| into the cavities of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| into the space around the spinal cord |
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| application of drug to the surface of the skin or mucous membrane |
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Definition
| through the skin delivering the drug systemically usually through a patch |
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Term
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Definition
abbreviated PR
useful for children or if oral route is unavailable.
Local or systemic effect
solids, solutions, suspensions, or foams |
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Term
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Definition
drug inserted into the vagina
local or systemic effects
Suppository, tablet, cream, ointment, gel and soltions |
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Term
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Definition
meds into the ear canal
solutions or suspensions
Abbreviated AD right ear, AS left ear, AU both ears |
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Term
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Definition
into the eye
Abbreviated OD Right eye, OS left Eye, or OU both eyes. Solutions most common, |
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Term
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Definition
| dugs placed into the nostrils |
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Term
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Definition
meds enter though mouth into the lungs
Rapid onset |
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