| Term 
 
        | How do wolves discipline their young? |  | Definition 
 
        | By gently biting their muzzles |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Name two of the four colors of the Irish Terrier. |  | Definition 
 
        | Bright red, golden red, red wheaten or wheaten |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What types of commands may handlers use when competing in 4-H agility? |  | Definition 
 
        | Voice commands, signals or both |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the length of the pipe tunnel? |  | Definition 
 
        | Not less than 10 feet and not greater than 20 feet |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What was the first year for agility competition at the Minnesota Regional and State Dog Shows? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the ribbon color and placement for a 4-H agility handler who is constantly tugging on the leash? |  | Definition 
 
        | White ribbon and elimination |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | If a dog refuses an obstacle in 4-H agility three times, how many faults will result? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | The dog should be in a straight alignment and facing the same direction as the handler. The dog should be close to the handler's left leg without crowding. The area from the dog's head to shoulder should be in line with the handler's left hip. |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | In 4-H Obedience, when can the dog be taken into and out of the ring off leash? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What were the dogs of the terrier group originally bred to do? |  | Definition 
 
        | Control rodents and other unwanted small animals around farm yards, hunt aggressive game that may dig itself underground and to protect the farm house |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | In 4-H showmanship, what should the 4-Her do when the judge moves during the individual exam? |  | Definition 
 
        | Move around the dog, so the dog stays between the handler and the judge |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the proper way to lift a dog to stack him in 4-H showmanship? |  | Definition 
 
        | Lift the dog from underneath the chest or mandible and hips. |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the term for the longer hair below the neck on the chest; also called the frill? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What are the names of the classes that dogs and bitches of each breed are divided into at a dog show? |  | Definition 
 
        | Puppy, Novice, bred by Exhibitor, American Bred and Open |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | A monthly magazine filled with information about purebred dogs |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | This breed is the largest and probably the oldest of the Swiss Mountain Cattle driving dogs. |  | Definition 
 
        | Greater Swiss Mountain Dog |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | This breed was developed in the rugged, snowy moutains of Northern Japan and arrived in America after WWII? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | Why is it dangerous for dogs to eat pennies made after 1982? |  | Definition 
 
        | Because pennies made after 1982 have a zinc core, which can be toxic to dogs |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the loss of voluntary control over the act of voiding? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | Flipping your dog over onto her back and standing over her, growling and starting, will only elicit what behavior? |  | Definition 
 
        | Fear or fear-related aggression |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Why is doing a body block with your shoulder or elbow much more effective at stopping dogs from being physically pushy than using your hands? |  | Definition 
 
        | Using your torso appears to be understood by dogs as a status-related gesture |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | When may a dog/handler team in Beginners, Elementary or Intermediate agility advance to the next level? |  | Definition 
 
        | The following year after receiving five faults or less in competition |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Walking your dog into the proper stack and keeping his attention |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Why, under no circumstances, may a 4-H showmanship judge walk between the ring gaiting and the line up of 4-Hers? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What topics should 4-Hers be prepared to answer questions about in 4-H showmanship? |  | Definition 
 
        | general dog knowledge, specific questions about their dog and about their breed of dog |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | While the artist William Wegman was trying to take photographs in his studia, his puppy, Man Ray, kept getting underfoot. So Wegman put Man Ray to work as a model. Throughout the 1970s, Man Ray's striking beauty, hammy poses and air of self confidence made for powerful pictures. What breed was Man Ray? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What part of the eye contains the pigment that gives the eye it's color? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | Digestive juices from the pancreas and small intestine break food down into what three things? |  | Definition 
 
        | Amino acids, fatty acids and carbohydrates |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the purpose of sparring terriers? |  | Definition 
 
        | To show that they will become alert and demonstrate terrier spirit |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Name the sporting breed that is stacked very squarely. |  | Definition 
 
        | Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Name nine people necessary for a smooth agility show. |  | Definition 
 
        | Judge, gate steward, ring stewards, leash runner, score sheet runner, scribe, assistant scribe, timer, course builders and table stewards |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | How should a sled dog's ears be shown? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | When doing the recall over broad jump in 4-H obedience, how far away from the jump should the handler stand? |  | Definition 
 | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the difference between field trials and hunting tests? |  | Definition 
 
        | In field trials dogs are judged against each other. Hunting tests are less competitive because the dogs are judged against a standard of performance for their breed. |  | 
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        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Patterned after equestrian show jumping, dog agility combines the elements of a dog's agility, briskness, confidence and a handler's control over and obstaccle course designed for dogs. It is a fun sport with great spectator appeal. |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the name of the disease characterized by a spreading circle of hairloss with scaly skin at the center and a red ring at the periphery? |  | Definition 
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        |  | 
        
        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | A condition in which pigment is lost from the skin and hair of the nose, lips, face and eyelids |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Name the species of salamander that is poisonous to dogs. |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What determines the incubation period of rabies? |  | Definition 
 
        | the distance from the bite to the brain |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | How many placentas does a dog have? |  | Definition 
 | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is anorectal prolapse? |  | Definition 
 
        | The protrusion of rectal tissue through the anus |  | 
        |  | 
        
        | Term 
 | Definition 
 
        | Inflammation of the colon |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the standard course time for the Senior agility class? |  | Definition 
 
        | 2 yards per second, not to exceed 75 seconds |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What does vitamin K deficiency cause? |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is Microsporum canis? |  | Definition 
 
        | the fungus that causes ringworm |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | How should you take a dog's temperature using a bulb thermometer? |  | Definition 
 
        | Shake thermometer down until it registers 96 degrees F, and lubricate the bulb with petroleum or K-Y Jelly. Have someone gently restrain the dog, holding his head and making sure the dog can't move around. Raise the dog's tail, holding it firmly to keep him from sitting down. Using a twisting motion, gently insert the bulb into the anal canal one to three inches. Hold the thermometer in place for 3 minutes, remove it, wipe it, clean, read the temperature and then clean the thermometer with alcohol. |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Name two reasons a vaccine may fail to produce immunity. |  | Definition 
 
        | Improper vaccine handling and storage, incorrect administration, inability of the dog to respond because fo a depressed immune system, the presence of neutralizing maternal antibodies, stretching out a vaccine by dividing a does between two dogs. |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What 3 diseases does the hepatitis vaccination protect against? |  | Definition 
 
        | Canine hepatitis, CAV-1 and CAV-2 |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What are the two forms of the bordetella vaccination? |  | Definition 
 
        | intranasal and injectable |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What are two broad categories all tumors can be divided into? |  | Definition 
 | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What are tumors that are true cancers called? |  | Definition 
 | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What are heartworm larvae called? |  | Definition 
 | 
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        | Term 
 
        | Name the ingredients used in a recipe that is far mroe effective than using tomato juice to wash skunk smell off you dog and that doesn't require repeated use. |  | Definition 
 
        | 1 quart 3% Hydrogen peroxide, 1/4 cup baking soda, and one teaspoon liquid soap |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | This bacterial disease is a major cause of sterility and spontaneous abortion in dogs. |  | Definition 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the difference between your dog rolling over onto his back with another dog and you rolling your dog over onto his back? |  | Definition 
 
        | In wolf packs and dog-dog interactions, lower status animals roll over on their backs voluntarily - they aren't forced into it. When you roll your dog onto his back you are forcing him into to position. |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | How does Patricia McConnel compare great trainers to thermostats? |  | Definition 
 
        | Great trainers ease up when a dog is being polite and become a little more hard to get when the dog begins to be demanding or too focused on pack hierachy. |  | 
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        | Term 
 
        | What is the technical term for spaying? |  | Definition 
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