Term
Biblical Images of Church
Ekklesia |
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Definition
"called out ones"
Greeks usually used this local assembly which gathered to conduct buisness of the town
Jesus only uses this term twice
Third interpretation, actual foundation of the church. |
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Term
Biblical Images of Church
Body of Christ |
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Definition
Christ is the head of the body
Real spiritual life is gone if we try to live w/0 Christ as the head.
Unity and diversity are necessary for the body of Christ to be healthy |
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Term
Biblical Images of Church
Temple of God |
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Definition
OT - Temple as the dwelling place of God
NT - Christians become the "new temple" the dwelling place of God. |
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Term
Biblical Images of Church
Bride of Christ |
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Definition
Mark 2:19-20 bride groom
We are eagarley awaiting his coming
We are preapring corporatly and individ. for his return
We are to be faithful in our relationship. |
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Term
| Historical View of the Church |
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Definition
NT- people met in houses - house churches
Early Church: Bishop as overseer
Constantine: Middle ages - hierarchy
- apostolic succession |
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Term
Historical View of the Church
Reformers |
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Definition
Authentic church, the gosple is proclaimed, because they beleive at the time prior to this the gospel had been distorted and the sacraments are correctly practiced.
Baptism and the Lords Supper
Emphasis on the priesthood of the believer
Two sides - we all have access to Christ, other side says priest is mediator and every person is intermediator
More indivdualistic, only come to faith through hearing of the gospel, church is very necessary in process |
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Term
Historical View of the Church
Evangelical |
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Definition
Gathered Community of likeminded
Individual Relationship
Church is supportive role
Sometime the individual is over emphasized
the church is seen as expendable, becasue it does not always help to reach personal goals. |
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Term
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Definition
Episcopal
- hierarchical structure
Presbyterian
- Elders, deacons, vote on things
- Council of elders, pastors, as well as lay people
Congregational
- Baptist, have leaders, but all church members have a say, final say is congragation
No Structure
- Quakers |
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Term
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Definition
Acts - does not give specific pattern for leadership.
Acts 2-7 : Apostles
Acts 6: groups of men to see giving food - deacons? These are sometimes seen as the first deacons
1 Timothy 3: qualifications given - deacons and women who can be seen as the wives of deacons
episkopos - overseer
Presbuteros - Elder
- Interchangeably, elder and bishop are same person, pasturing or shepparding.
Four- fold leadership - Ephesians |
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Term
| Conclusions regard Church Offices |
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Definition
Leaders are necessary
Everyone is not a leader
No one pattern
Primary Responsibility |
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Term
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Definition
Outward sign of invisible grace
Symbol of what the Lord has done
Means that the HS uses - protestant
Works through office of the church for transformation of grace to take place - roman catholic |
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Term
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Definition
Carried out in obedience to Christ's commands
Baptism and The Lords Supper
Ther are orders - that is where the Word comes from
Symbolic of the work of Christ - of what Christ does in our lives or of what Christ has done for us
Protestant -2
Catholic- 7 |
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Term
| Functions of ordinances and sacraments |
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Definition
1. Means of Grace or signs of Grace
- Result of work of Christ
- What he has accomplished for us
- Transmitted to us by the Holy Spirit through the sacrament to the believer
2. Testimony of Faith in Christ
- These items are testimony to death and ressurection of Christ
3. Corporate expressions of our fatih and unity in Christ
- they are means that we have common faith together
- visible unity
4. Provides assurance of our salvation
- done in rememberance of Christ work |
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Term
Significance of Baptism
Early Church |
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Definition
Practice beleivers baptism not used exclusively but in general
Disagreement on how they did beleivers baptism-emersion but some say it is infusion which is pouring water |
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Term
Significance of Baptism
Infant Baptism |
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Definition
As early as second century
Origin advocated this
Turtulein rejected this and said it was unbiblical
respond to original sin
Catholic -based on teaching of Augustine
Luther- replacing old man with new man
Reformed |
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Term
Significance of Baptism
Believers |
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Definition
Order
Mode:Immersion
Baptizo - immersion or submerege
Symbolizes death, burial, and ressurection |
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Term
| Issue: Is timing and mode of baptism important? |
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Definition
A baptist position
Beleivers baptism by immersion
Confession of Faith in Christ
Act of obedience
Delayed baptism 2nd and 3rd centuries |
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Term
| Significance of Lords Supper |
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Definition
Transubstantiation
Consubtantiation
Spiritual Presence
Symbolic
Testimony |
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Term
| Some Issues Related to church |
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Definition
Local or universal
Relationship to Salvation
Covenant Community or Believers Church
Relationship between the church and the kingdom of God |
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Term
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Definition
Jesus' preaching on the Kingdom
- present kingdom
- future kingdom
- Futurirst
- Realized
- Inaugurated (already, not yet) |
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Term
Eschatology and History
Wolfhart Pannenberg |
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Definition
History is the medium of God's revelation
How he acts in history-why god acts the way he does through the end of the story
We dont know everything, but we do know some tings because some things have already happended, the beginning of the end has already taken place
the ressurection of Jesus is like a sneak peak |
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Term
Eschatology and History
Jurgen Moltmann |
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Definition
Theology of Hope: Hopes foundation is based on what God has done in the past; this hope is to be fulfilled in the future.
-Based on what God has already done in the past we have hope for the future
Our hope for future determines what we do in the present it motivates us to do certain things |
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Term
| Issue: How is life in the present world related to eternal life? Is there more continuity or dis between life and the afterlife? |
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Definition
Continuity= ressurection of the dead, body, new heaven and new earth continuation of relationship with Christ
Discontinuity= heaven sometimes seems differnt then earth, new world might be differnt, end sin suffering and death, Jesus teaching that marriage is for this life and does not continue. |
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Term
| Connections between Ressurection and Eternal Life |
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Definition
Since Christ have concurred death we can expect victory through him
Jesus' ressuerction was the beginning of the ressurection of the dead.
Promise that something is coming later
Glorified spiritual body
Spiritual body for eternity
The ressurection of Jesus provides the basis for our hope for ressurection of the dead
There is transformation involved in resurrection |
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Term
| What happens between death and the resurrection? |
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Definition
Temporary disembodied spirits - temporary, evangelical christians
Soul seep - soul remains with body until ressurection
We are immediatly transported to the day of ressurection - least common |
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Term
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Definition
-God judges those who do wrong and punishes them. flood, sodom & gomorra
-Judgement at the second coming
-Christ will be the Judge
-Jesus' followers will participate too, shared authority
-All humans will be judged
-People will be judged on the basis of their deeds
- Those whos name is not written in book of life suffer eternal punishment. |
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Term
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Definition
1. People Suffer eternally in a state of separation from God
-hell is a place of eternal punishment
2.Annihilation
-Cut off from the cource of life, Christ
-Sense spiritually that there existence will come to an end
3. Punishment Temporary
-Hell is a purgatory, and they will have the opportunity to leave later, ultimately all will be saved and transformed |
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Term
The millennium
Premillennialism |
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Definition
Chiliasm
Justin Marder
very common view in early church |
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Term
The millennium
Anabaptist in Munster |
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Definition
Christ woulr return and rign for 1000 years on earth, but he would return to the new Jerusalem, Munster germany.
Militant movement
Had to be put down by militray action |
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Term
The millennium
Dispensationalism |
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Definition
Popularized by teaching - seminary
-Dispensations - eras of history, 7 periods of human history beginning with creation
-God's covenant with Abraham is eternal and ditinct from God's covenant with church
-The rapture-period of great tribulation - dipensation is the only place you see this, christ comes takes church away, tribulation, comes back again.
-The millenium is a restored Jewish Kingdom - 1000 years, Christ messiah wil reign over |
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Term
The millennium
Historic Premillennialism |
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Definition
Sees itself in contunuity with 'Chiliasm of early christians'
-Inaugurated Eschatology-already not yet
2nd coming
One people of God- will be an end gathering of Jews
Not a jewish kingdom
While God is not finished with the Jews, he now primarily works through the Church
+Differnce b/t dispensation - no rapture where church is taken before the tribulation, one second coming, also strong empahsis only one way to salvation. |
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Term
The millennium
Postmillennialism |
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Definition
After millennium
Timing:Christ returns AFTER millenium
Nature" Golden Age on Earth of human history
-this age is brought in through evanglism and missions
The church is the new Israel
not very common, but up untill 1940 it was most popular but 2 world wars changed thinking |
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Term
The millennium
Amillennialism |
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Definition
"no millennium" no 1000 year reign, desire to downplay christ
The binding of Satan-inability to prevent salvation also since ressurection the sting of death has been removed
Inaguarted eschotology
The second coming-one event no rapture |
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Term
| Consummation-end of present earth revelation |
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Definition
We are with the Lord forever -most important
There is an end of sin suffer and death
God's process of re-creating us as new creatures is comlete.
New Heaven, New Earth |
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Term
| Significant Points related to the person of the Holy Spirit |
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Definition
Deity
He is God, in the same way the father and the son are. He is of the same nature. Mode of activity distingusihed hom from the father and son but he is equally devine. |
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Term
| Significant Points related to the person of the Holy Spirit |
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Definition
Personality
has been disputed
Pneuma- Newture gender, must be a thing not a person
-biblical writers had to work with a term that was already there
The spirits activity
-The holy spirit engages in activites
teaches,guides,convits,encourages,equips,grievs |
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Term
Work of the HS
In Creation |
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Definition
Present and participats in creation
breathes the breath of life into humans
spiritual birth-new life John 3:6
life is product of divine will |
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Term
Work of the HS
In the ministry of Jesus |
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Definition
Jesus was conceived as a work of HS
Spirit descended on Jesus at baptism |
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Term
Work of the HS
In revelation |
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Definition
Inspiration of scripture- all scripture is God breathed
guides us to understanding of all truth
word of god is spirits sword
double edged sword
Luther-no one can correctly understand gods word unless he has recieved an understanding from spirit |
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Term
Work of the HS
In Salvation |
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Definition
John Wesley
Second blessing-came from his own experience
Missionary to Georgia -experienced HS great revival broke out in england
from that empowering he says there must be a second blessing |
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Term
Work of the HS
Holiness Movement |
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Definition
Springs off of JOhn Wesley
says there is greater personal holiness, which came as a result of the HS
In practice people become holy by obeying rules |
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Term
Work of the HS
Pentecostal Movement |
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Definition
1901-1902 second blessing
new development-speaking in tongues, manifestation of the HS <- this is the difference b/t holiness movement
Known languages, then spiritual languages. Missionaries went to China thinking they had the gift of languages-NOPE |
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Term
Work of the HS
In the Church |
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Definition
Unity
Lack of unity is eveidence of scorch of spirits work
Fellowship
Spiritual gifts
-Charismata -same root word as grace gift |
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Term
3 views of spiritual gifts
Continuation |
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Definition
All spiritual gifts described in the NT are still active today
Most common view |
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Term
3 views of spiritual gifts
Cessationist |
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Definition
All of those gifts stopped-the gifts that were active during the early church
-with completion of the cannon was saying thth those gifts were no longer needed |
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Term
3 views of spiritual gifts
Semi- cessationist |
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Definition
| some gifts stopped and others remained active |
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Term
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Definition
Jesus never intended for us to carry out the great commission in our own strength
not that the disciples use him but that he uses the disciples
he is the actor in missions and we are the tools that he uses to carry out that mission
Kostenberger-professor at seminary |
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