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| transfer of genetic material from one cell to another cell or from one organism to another. |
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| viruses that infect bacteria |
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| two long chains of repeating subunits |
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| the 5 carbon sugar in a DNA nucleotide |
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| contains nitrogen and carbon atoms and is a base |
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| nitrogenous bases that have a single ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms ( C&T) |
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| nitrogenous bases that have a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms ( A&G). |
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| process by which DNA is copied in a cell before it divides by mitosis, meiosis, or binary fission. |
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| enzymes that move along the DNA molecule and break the hydrogen bonds between the complementary nitrogenous bases. |
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| y-shaped region that results when the 2 strands separate . |
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| add complementary nucleotides that are floating reely inside the nucleus. |
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| semi-conservative replication |
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| in each new DNA double helix, one strand is from the original molecule, and one strand is new. |
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| a change in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule |
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| single stranded RNA molecule that carries the instructions from a gene to make a protein. |
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| part of the structure of ribosomes. |
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| transfers the amino acids to the ribsomes to make a protein. |
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| an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of RNA on a DNA template and binds to the promoter |
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| specific nucleotide sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase binds and initates transcription. |
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| a specific sequence of nucleotides that marks the end of a gene. |
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| the rules that relate how a sequence of nitrogenous bases in nucletides corresponds to a particular amino acid |
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| each three-nucletide sequence in mRNA that encodes an amino acid or signifies a start or stop |
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| three nucleotides on the RNA that are complementary to the sequence of a codon in mRNA |
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| the complete genetic content |
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| Experiment that showed that hereditary material can pass from one bacterial cell to another (transformation)- Who discovered this? |
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| Who's work showed that DNA is the hereditary material that transfers information between bacterial cells. |
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| Who confirmed that DNA and not protein, is the hereditary material. |
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| Who discovered a model of DNA by using Franklin's and Wilkin's DNA diiffraction X-rays. |
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| What is the structure of DNA? |
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| It is made of 2 nucletide strands that wrap around each other in the shape of a double helix. |
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| What kind of sugar is a DNA nucleotide made up of? |
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| What are the complemetary base pairs? |
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| The Flow of genetic information: |
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