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DNA Viruses
Saviola 2011
43
Medical
Graduate
02/07/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Poxviridae
Definition
brick shaped; dumbbell or complex shaped nucleocapsids; replicates in cytoplasm by virion encoded enzymes; has predilection for epidermal cells
Term
variola
Definition
man only known host; extinct in 1979; seeds lungs and seeds skin after two rounds of viremia; major (15-40%rtality) and minor (1%). rash pattern is on legs and
Term
rash pattern for variola
Definition
centrifugal rash pattern with vesicles all at same stage
Term
small pox vaccine is based on what virus
Definition
vaccinia virus
Term
pox virus with clear pustules; direct contact
Definition
molluscum contagiosum
Term
Alpha Herpes Viruses
Definition
HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV; latency in trigeminal nerve, sacral ganglia and posterior root thoracic ganglia or cervical ganglia respectively
Term
How does HSV get to the neuron cell body?
Definition
It moves via retro-axonal flow; it integrates into cell body DNA and goes into latency; stress, age, immune activation triggers acute infection
Term
Gamma herpes viruses
Definition
Epstein-Barr Virus; Human Herpes 8 virus
Term
EBV
Definition
infects B cells, oropharyngeal epithelial cells and other susceptible lymphocytes; CR2 receptor and MHC II coreceptor for attachment
Term
how does EBV affect B and T cells
Definition
It acts as a B cell mitogen and a lot of IgM termed heterophile antibody is produces; prevents B cell apoptosis; Cytotoxic T cells replicate into abnormal T cells to control B cell proliferation
Term
swollen glands, fever, malaise, pharyngitis and extreme fatigue
Definition
heterophile antibody positive infectious mononucleosis
Term
what are some consequences of heterophile antibody production
Definition
the antibodies can be directed at self, non-self, medications etc.
Term
In EBV lymph swelling is caused from what?
Definition
T cell proliferation
Term
what cancers are associated with EBV?
Definition
Burkitt's Lymphoma in Africa (tumor of jaw and abdomen); nasopharyngeal cancer in China; Many Hodgkin's lymphomas; lymphomas in the immunocompromised
Term
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Definition
the primary and necessary factor in this sarcoma is HHV-8; also associated with lymphoproliferative disorders; transmitted sexually; asymptomatic in immunocompetent people
Term
HCMV
Definition
heterophile negative mono in some healthy people; mostly immunocompromised --> jaundice hepatoslenomegaly; severe neurological damage to fetus in utero
Term
latency in monocytes; reactivation results in shedding in urine
Definition
HCMV
Term
women who might be pregnant should exercise caution in daycare setting
Definition
HCMV
Term
most common febrile exabthum in infants under 2 yrs
Definition
HHV 6
Term
marked tropism for CD4 cells, epithleial cells, salivary glands and latent in PBMC; 3-5 days of high fever and macupapulary rash
Definition
HHV 6
Term
salivary gland chronic infection
Definition
HHV6
Term
enveloped icosahedral nucelocapsids; ; assembled in nucleus; intranuclear inclusion bodies; bud through the innder nuclear membrane; latent or chronic infection
Definition
Herpesviridae
Term
dsDNA; naked icosahedral nucleocapsids; 49 serotypes; prolonged survival time outside the body
Definition
Adenoviridae
Term
ARD in military; common cold and LRTI, conjunctivitis; occasionally causes left ventricular dysfunction; latent and persistent infection in tonsils
Definition
Adenovirus
Term
what is on the outside of adenovirus capsid?
Definition
fiber knob and pentone base
Term
cause the croup pneumonia and the common cold
Definition
Adenovirus
Term
can adenovirus make it down through the GI?
Definition
yes silly its a naked virus; gastroenteritis and cystitis
Term
naked icosahedral nucleocapsids; integrate into host genome
Definition
Papovaviridae; oncogenic potential
Term
oncogenic potential; latent or chronic infections in host; naked
Definition
Papovaviridae
Term
has circular double stranded DNA
Definition
HPV; cancerous strains 16 and 18, wart strains 6 and 11
Term
describe oncogenesis of HPV cervical cancer
Definition
chromosome integrates into host DNA and this disrupts the E2 gene on virus DNA. The E2 gene is what downregulates gene expression of E6 and E7. E6 and E7 bind to Rb and p53 and inhibit the inhibitors of cell division
Term
can skin warts become cancer?
Definition
yes... epidermosdysplasia verruciformis -- multiple skin warts exposed to sun can become squamous carcinoma
Term
JC and BK viruses
Definition
localize in kidney; localize in kidney monocytes and B cells; latency; recurrence can lead to serious diseas; JC recurrence can lead to progressive multifocal encephalopathy
Term
naked icosahedral; 5th disease; aplastic anemia in those with sickle cell; fetal infection canbe fatal-hydrops fetalis; adult polyarticular arthritis
Definition
Parvovirus B19
Term
grows in erythropoetic cells
Definition
parvovirus B19
Term
icosahedral enveloped virus; nicked circular DNA; reverse transcriptase
Definition
Hep B virus; serum hepatitis or long-incubation hepatitis
Term
what is the vaccine for Hep B made of
Definition
HBsAg
Term
Two possible mechanisms for Primary hepatocellular carcinoma
Definition
repeat damage to hepatocytes due to immune activation; insertion of viral DNA into chromosome and disruption of regulatory genes
Term
how is disease progress different between perinatal contraction and adult contraction
Definition
70-90% develop chronic hep b and 5-10% respectively
Term
How does chronic HBV develop?
Definition
weak cell mediated immunity
Term
what is responsible for liver damage in HBV infection
Definition
immune system
Term
2 outcomes of HBV infection? or latenct carrier state?
Definition
chronic liver disease and/or PHC
Term
in what type of cells do DNA viruses typically cause cancer?
Definition
non-permissive cells
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