A₁C cutoffs

• Normoglycemic
• Prediabetic
• Diabetic

• <5.7%
• 5.7-6.4%
• ≥6.5%

FPC cutoffs

• Normoglycemic
• Prediabetic
• Diabetic

• <100 mg/dl
• 100-125 mg/dl
• ≥126 mg/dl

OGTT (Oral Glucose Taste Test)

• Normoglycemic
• Prediabetic
• Diabetic

• <140 mg/dl
• 140-199 mg/dl
• ≥200 mg/dl

RPG cutoffs

• Normoglycemic
• Prediabetic
• Diabetic

• <140 mg/dl
• <200 mg/dl
• ≥200 mg/dl + symptoms

Biguanide risk factors

• P
• H
• A
• R
• M
• D
• S

• Poor renal function
• Hepatic dysfunction
• Alcohol use
• Radiocontrast dye
• Medically managed CHF
• Dehydration
• Surgery

• Scr ≥1.5 in males
• Scr ≥1.4 in females
• CrCl ≤ 60ml/min

1. Biguanides (Metformin)
2. Sulfonylureas (Glipizide)
3. Glinides (Nateglinide)
4. GLP-1 agonist (Exenatide)
5. DPP-IV inhibitor (Thioglitazone)
6. TZD (Pioglitazone)
7. α glycosidase inhibior (Acarbose)