Shared Flashcard Set

Details

DM Drugs
Endocrine Module
26
Medical
Graduate
03/20/2010

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the rapid acting short duration insulin drugs?
Definition
Lispro, Aspart, Glulisine, Semilente
Term
What does semilente and lente contain that make them longer duration medications?
Definition
zinc
Term
What are the three intermediate acting insulin medications?
Definition
NPH, aspart protamine, and lente
Term
Why does lispro have a decreased risk for hypoglycemia compared to other insulin mediations?
Definition
b/c it has a short duration of action (3-5hrs)
Term
How is lispro's amino acid sequence different than insulin?
Definition
switch B28 and B29 amino acid
Term
How is aspart amino acid sequence different than insulin?
Definition
puts an aspartate on B28 amino acid
Term
WHat are the two long acting insulin medications?
Definition
Glargine and Determir
Term
What is true about the peak of action with the long acting insulin medications?
Definition
there is no peak
Term
What does determir have in its structure that makes it longer acting? (2)
Definition
zinc and myristic acid
Term
What are the three side effects of the insulin-like medications?
Definition

hypoglycemia (longer the action greater the risk)

hypersensitivity

atroph at injection site

Term
What is symlin?  MOA?
Definition
Symlin is amylin recombinant it helps to potentiate insulin action
Term
What are the benefits of symlin when used with insulin medication? (4)
Definition
it decreases the fluctuation, gives better long term control, decreases glucagon secretion and decreases amount of insulin needed
Term
What type of diabetes do you use oral hypoglycemic agents for and why?
Definition

type II diabetes

 

Cannot use with type I b/c there is no Bcell activity

Term
What are the four first generation sulfonylureas?
Definition

Tolbutamide

Acetohexamide

Tolazamide

Chlorpromide

 

 

ALL END IN amide (except chlorpromide)

Term
What are the three second generation sulfonylureas?
Definition

Glipizide

Glyburide

Glymepiride

 

all end in -ide

Term
What is the MOA of sulfonylureas?
Definition
bind to the K channel and block it to increase insulin release
Term
What are the adverse effects of the sulfonylureas? (7)
Definition

Cardiovascular risks

antidiruetic

leudopenia

hemolytic anemia

rashes

GI disturbance

hypoglycemia

Term
What does ETOH do to a diabetic individual on sulfonylureas both  acutely and chronically?
Definition

ACUTE: decreases gluconeogensis b/c of high carb load-->hypoglycemia

 

 

CHRONIC: decreases hypoglycemia b/c it increases metabolism of sulfonylureas in the liver

Term
What four drugs antagonize sulfonylureas?
Definition

thiazides

furosamide

corticosteriods

oral contraceptives

Term
What drug interfers with metabolism of sulfonylureas?
Definition
asprin
Term
What is the benefit of using a second generation sulfonylurea versus a first generation? (2)
Definition
less drug drug interaction and increased potency
Term
What are the two meglitinde mediations?
Definition
rapaglinide and nateglinide
Term
What medications would you use in a pregnant diabetic patient?
Definition
insulin medications
Term
What is the MOA of the meglitinides?
Definition
they bind the K channel and inhance insulin secretion
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