Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Lactic acidosis is a rare but worrisome side effect |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Most common side effect is hypoglycemia |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Often used in combo with any other oral agents |
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Definition
| Most all of them, especially metformin |
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Also helps lower triglycerides and LDLs |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Not safe in setting of hepatic dysfunction or CHF |
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Definition
| Glitazones/Thiazolidinediones, Metformin |
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Should not be used in pts with elevated serum creatinine |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Should not be used in patients with liver cirrhosis, elevated serum creatinine, or inflammatory bowel disease |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Hepatic serum transaminase levels should be carefully monitored when using these |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Not associated with weight gain, often used in overweight diabetics |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Metabolized by liver; excellent choice for patients with renal disease |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
Primarily affects postprandial hyperglycemia |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
MOA: closes potassium channels on B cells, depolarization, Ca influx, insulin release |
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Definition
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
MOA: inhibits a-glucosidase at the intestinal brush border |
|
Definition
| a-glucosidase inhibitors (Acarbose, Miglitol) |
|
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Term
Which oral agent used to control DMII had the following characteristics:
MOA: agonist at PPAR-g receptors causes inproved target cell response to insulin |
|
Definition
| Glitazones (thiazolidinediones) |
|
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Term
| How is hemoglobin glycosylated in DM to form HA1c? |
|
Definition
| Non-enzymatic glycosylation |
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|
Term
| Which type of DM is a/w obesity? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Which type of DM may cause ketoacidosis? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Which type of DM has a strong genetic predisposition? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Which type of DM is a/w HLA DR3 and 4 |
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Definition
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Term
| What tumor locations are associated with MENI? |
|
Definition
Pancreas
Pituitary
Parathyroid |
|
|
Term
| What tumor locations are associated with MENIIA? |
|
Definition
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Parathyroid |
|
|
Term
| What tumor locations are associated with MENIIB? |
|
Definition
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Pheochromocytoma
Mucosal neuroma |
|
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Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of Addison's disease? What is the cause of this disease? |
|
Definition
Hyperpigmentation of skin, hypotension, hyperkalemia, acidosis, weakness, malaise, weight loss
Cause: primary adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal atrophy or destruction |
|
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Term
| What is the MOA of propylthiouracil? |
|
Definition
| Block peroxidase thereby inhibiting organification of iodide and coupling of thyroid hormone synthesis; Methimazole acts the same way; used for hyperthyroidism |
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|
Term
| Which cell type produces PTH? |
|
Definition
| Cheif cells of parathyroid |
|
|
Term
| What cell type produces calcitonin? |
|
Definition
| Parafollicular c cells or thyroid |
|
|
Term
| What cancers are associated with RET gene mutation? |
|
Definition
| MENIIA and MENIIB, Medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma |
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Term
| What are the sxx of 21-a hydroxylase deficiency? |
|
Definition
Decreased Aldosterone: hypotension
Decreased Cortisol
Elevated androgens: masculinization |
|
|
Term
| What are the sxx of 11-a hydroxylase deficiency? |
|
Definition
Decreased Aldosterone
Elevated 11-deoxycorticosterone: HTN
Decreased cortisol
Elevated androgens: masculinization |
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Term
| What primary hormone is increased or decreased in Cushing syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What primary hormone is increased or decreased in Conn's syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What primary hormone is increased or decreased in Addison's disease? |
|
Definition
| Decreased cortisol and aldosterone |
|
|
Term
| What primary hormone is increased or decreased in Grave's disease? |
|
Definition
| Elevated thyroid hormone (decreased TSH) |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common chronic arrhythmia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common bacteria in the GI tract? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common gynecologic malignancy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common primary cardiac tumor in children |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common breast cancer? |
|
Definition
| Invasive ductal carcinoma |
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