Term
| How is hnRNA processed before it leaves the nucleus? |
|
Definition
5' cap
Poly-A tail
Splicing out of introns
Left with mRNA that leaves the nucleus |
|
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Term
| What structures run through the cavernous sinus? |
|
Definition
| Ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of trigeminal, CNIII, CNIV, CNVI |
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Term
| How do CO, BP, GFR, and Thyroid hormone change during pregnancy? |
|
Definition
CO: increases by 30-50%
BP: decreases initially, lowest at 16wks,return to pre-pregnancy pressure at term
GFR: increases, BUN and Cr decrease
TH: no change |
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Term
What neoplasm is most commonly responsible for the following hormone paraneoplastic syndrome:
ACTH-->Cushing's syndrome |
|
Definition
| Small cell tumor of the lung |
|
|
Term
What neoplasm is most commonly responsible for the following hormone paraneoplastic syndrome:
PTH-related peptide-->Hypercalcemia |
|
Definition
Squamous cell cancers
Renal cell carcinoma
Breast cancer |
|
|
Term
What neoplasm is most commonly responsible for the following hormone paraneoplastic syndrome:
Erythropoetin-->polycythemia |
|
Definition
renal cell carcinoma
hemangioblastoma
hepatocellular carcinoma
pheochromocytoma |
|
|
Term
What neoplasm is most commonly responsible for the following hormone paraneoplastic syndrome:
ADH-->SIADH |
|
Definition
small cell lung cancer
any CNS disorder |
|
|
Term
| What are the stages of behavioral change |
|
Definition
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation/determination
Action
Maintenance |
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Pruritic, purple, polygonal papules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Pruritic vesicles a/w celiac disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Thick scar esp around the face/chest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Parakeratotic scaling |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Keratin-filled cysts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Skin rash and proximal muscle weakness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Honey crusted lesions common about the nose and lips |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which skin disorder matches the following:
Hyperkeratosis and koilocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What portion of the spinal cord is affected by tabes dorsalis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What portion of the spinal cord is affected by polio? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of choice for the following protozoa:
Trichomonas vaginalis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of choice for the following protozoa:
Trypanosoma cruzi |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of choice for the following protozoa:
Plasmodium vivax |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of choice for the following protozoa:
Leishmania donovani |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of choice for the following protozoa:
Entamoeba histolytica |
|
Definition
| Metronidazole and Iodoquinol |
|
|
Term
What is the treatment of choice for the following protozoa:
Toxoplasma gondii |
|
Definition
| Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine |
|
|
Term
| What enzyme is responsible for tRNA charging? |
|
Definition
| Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase |
|
|
Term
| What enzyme catalyzes peptide bond formation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristic sxx of HELLP syndrome? |
|
Definition
Hemolysis
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelets |
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Composed of cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Elevated AFP |
|
Definition
Yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma
Teratoma (50%) |
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Elevated beta-hCG |
|
Definition
| Choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, teratoma (50%) |
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Most common testicular tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Most common testicular tumor in infants and up to 3 years old |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Most common testicular tumor in men over 60 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Histologic appearance similar to koilocytes (cytoplasmic clearing) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Histology may have alveolar or tubular appearance sometimes with papillary convolutions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
25% have cytoplasmic rod shaped crystaloids of Reinke |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What testicular tumor is described in the following statement:
Androgen producing and a/w precocious puberty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A 55 year old male undergoing treatment for BPH has increased testosterone and decreased DHT as well as gynecomastia and edema. What is his medication? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does flutamide differ from finasteride? |
|
Definition
Finasteride: 5a-reductase inhibitor used for BPH and male pattern baldness
Flutamide:nonsteroidal competitive inhibitor of androgens at the testosterone receptor used in prostate carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical use of clomiphene? How does it work? |
|
Definition
Used to treat infertility and PCOS
Partial agonist at estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus. Prevents normal feeback inhibition and increases release of LH and FSH from pituitary, which stimulates ovulation |
|
|
Term
What breast pathology fits the following description:
Most common breast mass in postmenopausal women |
|
Definition
| invasive ductal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
What breast pathology fits the following description:
Most common form of breast cancer |
|
Definition
| invasive ductal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
What breast pathology fits the following description:
Small, mobile, firm mass with sharp edges in a 24 year old woman |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What breast pathology fits the following description:
Multiple bilateral fluid filled lesions with diffuse breast pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What breast pathology fits the following description:
Firm, fibrous mass in a 55 year old woman |
|
Definition
| invasive ductal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| What are the side effects of sildenafil |
|
Definition
| Headache, flushing, dyspepsia, impaired blue-green color vision |
|
|
Term
| What is the role of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells in spermatogenesis |
|
Definition
Sertoli cells support and nourish the developing spermatozoa (secrete adrogen binding protein)
Leydig cells secrete testosterone |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between androgen insensitivity and 5a-reductase deficiency |
|
Definition
Androgen insensitivity: testicular feminization; defect in DHT receptor-does not respond to stimulation; phenotypically normal females
5a-reductase deficiency:
can't convert testosterone to DHT
Ambiguous genitalia; at puberty, normal genitalia |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of DIC |
|
Definition
Sepsis, trauma, obstetric complications, pancreatitis
Malignancy
Nephrotic syndrome
Transfusion |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common heart murmur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common coronary artery involved in thrombosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of death in lupus patients |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common congenital heart anomaly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many carbon molecules are found in testosterone and on androstendione? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structures develop from the mesonephric ducts? |
|
Definition
| Seminal vesicle, Epididymus, Ejaculatory duct, Ductus deferens |
|
|
Term
What is the male homolog to the following female structure:
Vestibular bulb |
|
Definition
| Corpus cavernosum and corpus spongiosum |
|
|
Term
What is the male homolog to the following female structure:
Labia minora |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the male homolog to the following female structure:
Bartholin gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the male homolog to the following female structure:
Urethral and paraurethral glands |
|
Definition
|
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