Term
|
Definition
cefuroxime
antibiotic
2nd generation cephalosporin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ceftin
antibiotic
2nd generation cephalosporin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mupirocin
strength: 2%; comes in cream and ointment-- are pharmaceutic alternates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bactroban
strength: 2%; comes in cream and ointment-- are pharmaceutic alternates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aripiprazole
atypical antipsychotic
tablet
ind. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and irritability associated with autism and depression (add-on)
Also, Ability Discmelt (odt)
aux. label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antipsychotic- atypical
ind. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and irritability associated with autism and depression (add-on)
Abilify
tablet
Abilify Discmelt
orally disintegrating tablet
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
quetiapine
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression (add-on)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Seroquel
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression (add-on)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
asenapine
atypical antipsychotic
sublingual tablet; expensive
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Saphris
atypical antipsychotic
sublingual tablet; expensive
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
olanzapine
atypical antipsychotic
tablet
ind. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
olanzapine
atypical antipsychotic
orally disintegrating tablet
ind. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zyprexa (t), Zyprexa Zydis (odt)
atypical antipsychotics
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Risperdal (t), Risperdal M-Tab (odt)
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, irritability associated with autism
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
risperidone
atypical antipsychotic
tablet
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, irritability associated with autism
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
risperidone
atypical antipsychotic
odt
ind. schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, irritability associated with autism
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
paliperidone
atypical antpsychotic
ind. schizophrenia only
is the active metabolite of risperidone
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Invega
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia only
is the active metabolite of risperidone
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
iloperidone
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia only
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fanapt
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia only
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lurasidone
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia only
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Latuda
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia only
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ziprasidone
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Geodon
atypical antipsychotic
ind. schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clozapine
atypical antipsychotic
tablet
ind. treatment resistant schizophrenia
4 Black Box Warnings: (1) agranulocytosis (dec. WBCs- makes more susceptible to infection)
(2) seizures
(3)myocarditis- inflammation of myocardium
(4)orthostatic hypotension (all in BP upon standing- if severe can faint (syncope))
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clozapine
atypical antipsychotic
odt
ind. treatment resistant schizophrenia
4 Black Box Warnings: (1) agranulocytosis (dec. WBCs- makes more susceptible to infection)
(2) seizures
(3)myocarditis- inflammation of myocardium
(4)orthostatic hypotension (all in BP upon standing- if severe can faint (syncope))
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
typical antipsychotic
phenothiazine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
typical antipsychotic
phenothiazine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
typical antipsychotic
phenothiazine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
typical antipsychotic
phenothiazine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
typical antipsychotic
phenothiazine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
typical antipsychotic
phenothiazine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
typical antipsychotic
butyrophenone
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
trazodone
antidepressant
triazolopyridine
ind. depression but mostly used as a hypnotic for insomnia
this is a new brand: ER tablets (150mg, 300mg) once daily
- tab is scored so can break in half; when swallow, body forms a membrane around tab preserving the ER properties
-the name of the excipient in the tab that does this is:
hydroxypropyldistarch phosphate
Contramid (trade name)
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antidepressant
triazolopyridine
ind. depression but mostly used as a hypnotic for insomnia
Oleptro is a new brand: ER tablets (150mg, 300mg) once daily
- tab is scored so can break in half; when swallow, body forms a membrane around tab preserving the ER properties
-the name of the excipient in the tab that does this is:
hydroxypropyldistarch phosphate
Contramid (trade name)
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mirtazapine
antidepressant
tetracyclic
ind. depression
tablet
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mirtazapine
antidepressant
tetracyclic
ind. depression
odt
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Remeron (t), Remeron SolTab (odt)
antidepressant
tetracyclic
ind. depression
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bupropion
antidepressant
aminoketone
TID
ind. depression, SAD
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bupropion
antidepressant
aminoketone
BID
ind. depression and SAD
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bupropion
antidepressant
aminoketone
once daily
ind. depression and SAD
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bupropion
antidepressant
aminoketone
once daily
ind. depression and SAD
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bupropion
antidepressant
aminoketone
ind. smoking cessation
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Wellbutrin (tid), Wellbutrin SR (bid), Wellbutrin XL (qd), Aplenzin (qd), Zyban
antidepressant
aminoketone
ind. depression and SAD
except Zyban- ind. smoking cessation
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
antidepressant
phenylpiperazine
Black Box Warning: hepatotoxicity
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, bizarre behavior and dereistic thinking (disconnected from reality) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as a class have ability to cause drowsiness; also called neuroleptics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
have 3 problems as a class
1. inc. hunger (= weight gain)
2. inc. risk of diabetes
3. inc. risk of hyperlipidemia
clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine and quetiapine cause the highest incident of these problems
lurasidone, asenapine, ziprasdone, iloperidone, and aripiprazole cause the lowest incident of these problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clozaril (t), FazaClo (odt)
atypical antipsychotic
ind. treatment resistant schizophrenia
4 Black Box Warnings: (1) agranulocytosis (dec. WBCs- makes more susceptible to infection)
(2) seizures
(3)myocarditis- inflammation of myocardium
(4)orthostatic hypotension (all in BP upon standing- if severe can faint (syncope))
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antimanic
ind. treatment of manic episodes of bipolar disorder
Black Box Warning: toxicity is closely related to serum levels
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cause somnolence
as a class have a Black Box Warning:
inc. risk of suicidal thinking in patients under 24 with depression or other psychiatric disorders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic low key depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to experience pleasure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Effexor
antidepressant
selecive serotonin and norepiephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. depression, anxiety, panic disorder
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
venlafaxine
Effexor
antidepressant
selecive serotonin and norepiephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. depression, anxiety, panic disorder
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pristiq
antidepressant
selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. depression
is the active metabolite of venlafaxine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
desvenlafaxine
antidepressant
selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. depression
is the active metabolite of venlafaxine
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cymbalta
antidepressant
selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. depression
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
duloxetine
antidepressant
selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. depression
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Savella
antidepressant
selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. fibromyalgia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
milnacipran
antidepressant
selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)
ind. fibromyalgia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prozac
Sarafem
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, and post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD)
Sarafem is ind. PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) only
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, and post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. PMDD (premenstrual dysphoric disorder) only
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Paxil
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
paroxetine HCL
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pexeva
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, and post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
paroxetine mesylate
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, and post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zoloft
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sertraline
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Luvox CR
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. OCD only
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fluvoxamine
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. OCD only
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Celexa
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
citalopram
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lexapro
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
is S-isomer of citalopram (more pure, perhaps less side effects)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
escitalopram
antidepressant
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
ind. depression, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety, post traumatic sress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
is S-isomer of citalopram (more pure, perhaps less side effects)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
drospirenone
ethinyl estradiol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
drospirenone
ethinyl estradiol
ind. PMDD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anafranil
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
one ind.: OCD
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clomipramine
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
one ind.: OCD
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
Silenor: new trade name; ind. insomnia
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
doxepin
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Norpramin
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
desipramine
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tofranil
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
imipramine
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pamelor
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nortriptyline
antidepressant
tricyclic
-causes xerostomia (dry mouth; anticholinergics are drying agents)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cevimeline
cholinergic agent
inc. salivation
also treats symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune disease in elderly women- symptom is dry mucous membrane) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pilocarpine
cholinergic agent
inc. salivation
also treats symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune disease in elderly women- symptom is dry mucous membrane)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Xanax (IR tab), Xanax XR (ER tab), Niravam (odt)
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alprazolam
IR tab
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alprazolam
ER tab
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alprazolam
odt
(onset is fast, quick relief from panic attack)
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tranxene
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clorazepate
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Valium
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
diazepam
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ativan
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anxiolytic (drug that reduces anxiety)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Klonopin
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anticonvulsant/antipanic
2 ind.:
-panic disorder
-absence seizures
aux label #1
SALAD with Catapres-clonidine (antihypertensive) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Evoxac
cholinergic agent
inc. salivation
also treats symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune disease in elderly women- symptom is dry mucous membrane) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Salagen
cholinergic agent
inc. salivation
also treats symptoms of Sjogren's syndrome (autoimmune disease in elderly women- symptom is dry mucous membrane)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clonazepam
benzodiazepine
-don't take with alcohol
anticonvulsant/antipanic
2 ind.:
-panic disorder
-absence seizures
aux label #1
SALAD with Catapres-clonidine (antihypertensive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
benzodiazepine
-don't take w/ alcohol
hypnotic
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Restoril
benzodiazepine
-don't take w/ alcohol
hypnotic
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
temazepam
benzodiazepine
-don't take w/ alcohol
hypnotic
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Halcion
benzodiazepine
-don't take w/ alcohol
hypnotic
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
triazolam
benzodiazepine
-don't take w/ alcohol
hypnotic
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
benzodiazepine
-don't take w/ alcohol
hypnotic
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rozerem
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
melatonin receptor agonist
(melatonin regulates sleepiness)
ind. insomnia
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ramelteon
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
melatonin receptor agonist
(melatonin regulates sleepiness)
ind. insomnia
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lunesta
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
cyclopyrrolone hypnotic
tastes bad (bitter aftertaste)
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eszopiclone
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
cyclopyrrolone hypnotic
tastes bad (bitter aftertaste)
ind. insomnia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ambien (t), Ambien CR ER tab), Edluar (sublingual tab), Zolpimist (oral spray)
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
imidazopyridine hypnotic
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zolpidem
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
imidazopyridine hypnotic
5mg, 10mg tab
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zolpidem
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
imidazopyridine hypnotic
6.25mg, 12.5mg ER tab
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zolpidem
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
imidazopyridine hypnotic
5mg, 10mg sublingual tab |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zolpidem
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
imidazopyridine hypnotic
oral solution
each spray = 5mg zolpidem;
recommended dose is 2 sprays before bed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sonata
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
pyrazolopyrimidine hypnotic
only has a duration of action of 4 hours (other hypnotics are 8 hours) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zaleplon
non-benzodiazepine hypnotic
pyrazolopyrimidine hypnotic
only has a duration of action of 4 hours (other hypnotics are 8 hours) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
side effect: somnambulism- sleep activities (walking, driving, cooking, etc.)
take all hypnotics on an empty stomach (taking w/ food delays onset which inc. the risk of "hungover" feeling in the morning--- orally counsel patient on but doesn't need aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Demerol
opiod analgesic
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
meperidine
opiod analgesics
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dilaudid (IR tab), Exalgo (ER tab)
opioid analgesics
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hydromorphone
opioid analgesics
IR tab, QID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hydromorphone
opioid analgesics
ER tab, once daily
only ind. opioid tolerant patients who need pain relief around the clock
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Duragesic (transdermal), Actiq (transmucosal), Onsolis (transmucosal), Fentora (buccal tab), Abstral (sublingual tab), Lazanda (nasal spray)
opiod analgesic
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fentanyl
opioid analgesic
transdermal
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fentanyl
opioid analgesic
transmucosal (absorbed through the lining of mouth)- is on a stick, rub on cheek
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fentanyl
opioid analgesic
transmucosal (like a listerine breath film)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fentanyl
opioid analgesic
buccal tab
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fentanyl
opioid analgesic
sublingual tab
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fentanyl
opioid analgesic
nasal spray
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
2 therapeutic categories:
analgesic (usually with APAP)
antitussive (usually with guaifenesin- expectorant)
for antitussive, usually 10mg codeine and 100mg guaifenesine in a teaspoonful
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade names
2 therapeutic categories: analgesic (usually with APAP)
antitussive
as antitussive:
Tussionex- chlorpheniramine polistirex (8mg)
hydrocodone polistirex (10mg)
per teaspoonful
TussiCaps Full Strength (8mg/10mg per capsule)
-for patients over 12
TussiCaps Half Strength (4mg/5mg per capsule)
-for patients 6-11)
polistirex = long-acting resin; extends the duration of action to 12 hours
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
Opana (IR tab), Opana ER (ER tab)
opioid analgesic
need to take on an empty stomach; if take with food, increases blood levels a lot
aux label #1 |
|
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Term
|
Definition
oxymorphone
opioid analgesic
IR tab; QID
need to take on an empty stomach; if take with food, increases blood levels a lot
aux label #1 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
oxymorphone
opioid analgesic
ER tab; BID
need to take on an empty stomach; if take with food, increases blood levels a lot
aux label #1 |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Methadose
opioid analgesic
once daily
used for opioid addiction/dependence
- take pt off abused drug, put on methadone and eventually taper the methadone
aux label #1 |
|
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Term
|
Definition
methadone
opioid analgesic
once daily
used for opioid addiction/dependence
- take pt off abused drug, put on methadone and eventually taper the methadone
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
Suboxone
opioid analgesic
once daily
ind. opioid dependence
sublingual tab
sublingual film
strengths: 2mg bu/ 0.5mg nal
8mg bu/ 2 mg nal
naloxone- opioid antagonist
prevents addicts from abusing Suboxone parenterally; if dissolve and inject, nothing happens; but the naloxone is not effective orally
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
buprenorphine
naloxone
opioid analgesic
once daily
ind. opioid dependence
sublingual tab
sublingual film
strengths: 2mg bu/ 0.5mg nal
8mg bu/ 2 mg nal
naloxone- opioid antagonist
prevents addicts from abusing Suboxone parenterally; if dissolve and inject, nothing happens; but the naloxone is not effective orally
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
Subutex (sublingual tab), Buprenex (parenteral), Butrans (transdermal)
opioid analgesic
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
buprenorphine
opioid analgesic
sublingual tab
once dail
2mg, 8mg
ind. opioid dependence
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
buprenorphine
opioid analgesic
parenteral (IV)
q 6 hours
ind. pain only
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
buprenorphine
opioid analgesic
transdermal
ind. chronic pain
5ug/hr, 10ug/hr, 20ug/hr
once weekly
(only use 10ug/hr and 20ug/hr in opioid tolerant patients)
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
Vivitrol
opioid antagonist
ind. opioid and alcohol dependence after the patient is clean (used to prevent relapse)
-blocks pleasureable efects of opioids and alcohol
-injection given once monthly |
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Term
|
Definition
naltrexone
opioid antagonist
ind. opioid and alcohol dependence after the patient is clean (used to prevent relapse)
-blocks pleasureable efects of opioids and alcohol
-injection given once monthly |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Talwin NX
opioid analgesic
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pentazocine, naloxone
opioid analgesic
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
no trade name
opioid analgesic
nasal spray solution; one spray in each nostril QID |
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Term
|
Definition
MS Contin (ER tab), Kadian (ER cap), Avinza (ER cap)
opioid analgesic
aux label #1
|
|
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Term
|
Definition
morphine sulfate
opioid analgesic
ER tab; BID
aux label #1 |
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Term
|
Definition
morphine sulfate
opioid analgesic
ER cap (contains ER morphine beads)
BID
-can be opened and poured on something- not chewed
-must avoid all alcohol (mouthwash, cold/cough syrup, etc.) this speeds the release of the drug |
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Term
|
Definition
morphine sulfate
opioid analgesic
ER cap (contains ER morphine beads)
once daily
-can be opened and poured on something- not chewed
-must avoid all alcohol (mouthwash, cold/cough syrup, etc.) this speeds the release of the drug
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Term
|
Definition
no trade name, Oxcontin
opioid analgesic
no trade name
IR tab
QID
Oxycontin
ER tab
BID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oxycodone
opioid analgesic
ER tab
BID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Percodan
opioid analgesic
IR tab
QID
if have aspirin allergy can't take
aux label #1 |
|
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Term
|
Definition
oxycodone; aspirin
opioid analgesic
IR tab
QID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Percocet; Endocet
opioid analgesic
IR tabs
QID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oxycodone; acetaminophen
opioid analgesic
IR tab
QID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oxycodone; acetaminophen
opioid analgesic
IR tab
QID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Combunox
opioid analgesic
IR tab
QID
if have aspirin allergy can't take
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oxycodone; ibuprofen
opioid analgesic
IR tab
QID
if have aspirin allergy can't take
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ultram (IR tab; QID); Ultram ER (ER tab; once daily)
opioid analgesic
seizures are associated with tramadol; can minimize this risk by titrating dose up
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tramadol
opioid analgesic
IR tab; QID
seizures are associated with tramadol; can minimize risk by titrating dose up
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tramadol
opioid analgesic
ER tab; once daily
seizures are associated with tramadol; can minimize risk by titrating dose up |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ultracet
opioid analgesic
IR tab; QID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tramadol; acetaminophen
opioid analgesic
IR tab; QID
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nucynta
opioid analgesic
IR tab; QID
-like a super tramadol; higher potential for abuse; is a CII
-lower seizure risk
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tapentadol
opioid analgesic
IR tab; QID
-like a super tramadol; higher potential for abuse; is a CII
-lower seizure risk
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-slow intestinal motility (causing constipation)
Least Constipating:
codiene
meperidine- Demerol
hydromorphone-Dilaudid, Exalgo
methadone- Methadose
Middle Constipating:
morphine sulfate- MS Contin, Kadian, Avinza
oxycodone-Oxycontin, Percocet, Endocet, Combunox
Most Constipating:
oxymorphone- Opana, Opana ER |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Relistor
ind. constipation dueto opioid use
-methyl group prevents drug from entering the CNS so only blocks opioid receptors in intestine (so GI motility isn't decreased)
dosing interval: every other day
SQ injection
when inject, can have a bowel movement within a minute |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
methylnaltrexone
ind. constipation dueto opioid use
-methyl group prevents drug from entering the CNS so only blocks opioid receptors in intestine (so GI motility isn't decreased)
dosing interval: every other day
SQ injection
when inject, can have a bowel movement within a minute |
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|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
anticonvulsant
barbiturate
ind. partial and tonic clonic seizures
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
classified based on form:
-generalized (tonic clonic; absence- 'petit-mal')
-partial ('focal seizures) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mebaral
anticonvulsant
barbiturate
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mephobarbital
anticonvulsant
barbiturate
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mysoline
anticonvulsant
barbiturate
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
primidone
anticonvulsant
barbiturate
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dilantin
anticonvulsant
hydantoin
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
30mg, 100mg cap
50mg chew tab
125mg/5ml oral suspension
parenteral
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
chronic alcohol levels lowers phenytoin levels and inc. risk of seizure
aux label #1, #6 |
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|
Term
|
Definition
phenytoin
anticonvulsant
hydantoin
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
30mg, 100mg cap
50mg chew tab
125mg/5ml oral suspension
parenteral
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
chronic alcohol levels lowers phenytoin levels and inc. risk of seizure
aux label #1, 6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cerebyx
anticonvulsant
hydantoin
ind. status epilepticus only
status epilepticus- continuous tonic-clonic seizures without regaining conciousness- is life threateningind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
parenteral only
is a water-soluble prodrug; is converted to phenytoin once injected
must be refrigerated
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fosphenytoin
anticonvulsant
hydantoin
ind. status epilepticus only
status epilepticus- continuous tonic-clonic seizures without regaining conciousness- is life threatening
parenteral only
is a water-soluble prodrug; is converted to phenytoin once injected
must be refrigerated
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Peganone
anticonvulsant
hydantoin
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ethotoin
anticonvulsant
hydantoin
ind. partial and tonic-clonic seizures
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zarontin
anticonvulsant
succinimide
ind. absence seizure
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ethosuximide
anticonvulsant
succinimide
ind. absence seizure
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
anticonvulsant
succinimide
ind. absence seizure
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zonegran
anticonvulsant
sulfonamide
ind. partial seizures
sulfonamides cause oligohydrosis (dec. sweating)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zonisamide
anticonvulsant
sulfonamide
ind. partial seizures
-sulfonamides cause oligohydrosis (dec. sweating)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tegretol, Carbatrol, Epitol
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures, pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia (5th cranial nerve), bipolar disorder
dec. effectivness of hormonal contraceptives
Black Box Warning: agranulocytosis
aux label #1, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
carbamazepine
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures, pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia (5th cranial nerve), bipolar disorder
dec. effectivness of hormonal contraceptives
Black Box Warning: agranulocytosis
aux label #1, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
carbamazepine
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures, pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia (5th cranial nerve), bipolar disorder
dec. effectivness of hormonal contraceptives
Black Box Warning: agranulocytosis
aux label #1, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
carbamazepine
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures, pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia (5th cranial nerve), bipolar disorder
dec. effectivness of hormonal contraceptives
Black Box Warning: agranulocytosis
aux label #1, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Trileptal
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oxcarbazepine
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures
dec effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Felbatol
anticonvulsant
ind. partical seizures, Lennox Gaustaut Syndrome
Black Box Warning:
-hepatotoxicity
-agranulocytosis
--requires "informed consent"
aux label #1
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
felbamate
anticonvulsant
ind. partical seizures, Lennox Gaustaut Syndrome
Black Box Warning:
-hepatotoxicity
-agranulocytosis
--requires "informed consent"
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
severe form of epilepsy
onset in children under 4
is a combo of tonic-clonic and absence seizures
occur daily for long periods of time
usually occurs in children with some form of mental retardation; if persists into adulthood, these people are institutionalized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neurontin, Horizant (ER tab)
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures, pain associated with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)- is pain in area of shingles after blisters have healed
Horizant- one ind: restless leg syndrome (RLS)
-only gabapentin product approved for RLS
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gabapentin
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures, pain associated with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)- is pain in area of shingles after blisters have healed
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gabapentin
anticonvulsant
one ind: restless leg syndrome (RLS)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lyrica
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures, PHN, DPN, fibromyalgia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pregabalin
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures, PHN, DPN, fibromyalgia
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lamictal
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic, bipolar disorder, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
Black Box Warning: may cause serious rashes (can be perm. disfiguring)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lamotrigine
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic, bipolar disorder, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome
Black Box Warning: may cause serious rashes (can be perm. disfiguring)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Keppra
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures
no drug interactions!!!
SALAD with Kaletra- lopinavir, ritonavir
is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor); an AIDS drug
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
levetiracetam
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures
no drug interactions!!!
SALAD with Kaletra- lopinavir, ritonavir
is an antiretroviral (protease inhibitor); an AIDS drug
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gabitril
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tiagabine
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vimpat
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lacosamide
anticonvulsant
ind. partial seizures
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Topamax
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures, Lennox- Gastaut Syndrome, migraine prophylaxis
causes oligohydrosis
dec effectiveness of contraceptives
weight loss is a side effect
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
topiramate
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, tonic-clonic seizures, Lennox- Gastaut Syndrome, migraine prophylaxis
causes oligohydrosis
dec effectiveness of contraceptives
weight loss is a side effect
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Depakote
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, absence seizures, bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis
Black Box Warning: hepatotoxicity
pancreatitis
teratogenc effects (is a teratogen)
(this means it causes birth defects; if prego and taking, there's a 4-fold inc in birth defects... also a correlation with children and low IQ)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
divalproex sodium
anticonvulsant
ind. partial, absence seizures, bipolar disorder, migraine prophylaxis
Black Box Warning: hepatotoxicity
pancreatitis
teratogenc effects (is a teratogen)
(this means it causes birth defects; if prego and taking, there's a 4-fold inc in birth defects... also a correlation with children and low IQ)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sabril
anticonvulsant
tab- for partial seizures
powder for oral suspension- for West Syndrome
Black Box Warning- can cause permanent vision loss (constricts vision, as if looking through a tunnel)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vigabatrin
anticonvulsant
tab- for partial seizures
powder for oral suspension- for West Syndrome
Black Box Warning- can cause permanent vision loss (constricts vision, as if looking through a tunnel)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| child under 2 has severe spasms of trunk and neck |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Banzel
anticonvulsant
ind. Lennox Gastaut Syndrome
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rufinamide
anticonvulsant
anticonvulsant
ind. Lennox Gastaut Syndrome
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Intuniv
ind. ADHD
ER tab (1mg, 2mg, 3mg, 4mg)
once daily
is very sedating
initial dose is 1mg daily and if need to inc., inc. by 1mg per week
has additional trade name Tenex which is ind. for hypertension (thus additional side effects of Intuniv may be hypotension or syncope)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
guanfacine
ind. ADHD
ER tab (1mg, 2mg, 3mg, 4mg)
once daily
is very sedating
initial dose is 1mg daily and if need to inc., inc. by 1mg per week
has additional trade name Tenex which is ind. for hypertension (thus additional side effects of Intuniv may be hypotension or syncope)
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
guanfacine
ind. hypertension |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Kapvay
ind. ADHD
only in children 6-17
ER tab (0.1mg, 0.2mg)
initial dose is 0.1mg at bedtime and if needed, inc. by 0.1mg per week (to minimize side effects)
side effects: hypotension, syncope, somnolence
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clonidine
ind. ADHD
only in children 6-17
ER tab (0.1mg, 0.2mg)
initial dose is 0.1mg at bedtime and if needed, inc. by 0.1mg per week (to minimize side effects)
side effects: hypotension, syncope, somnolence
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ind. osteoporosis- dec. in bone density cause by bone resorption
-bisphosphonates become a part of the bone making it resi-stant to resorption so Ca++ stays in the bone
ind. Paget's Disease of the Bone osteitis deformans- have episodes of inc. bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair (bone ends up weak, deformed, easily broken)
ind. treatment of corticosteroid induced osteoporosis (corticosteroids inc. resorption and inhibit osteoblasts)
**bisphosphonates are ind. in pts taking more than 7.5mg prednisone daily
Patient Counseling for oral bisphosphonates:
(for all except Atelvia)
-take on an empty stomach 30 min. before breakfast
Atelvia: take immediately after breakfast (otherwise causes nausea)
For all:
-take with a full glass of water to make sure gets all the way down the esophagus (can cause esophageal irritation)
-pt should remain upright for 30min (to minimize esophageal irritation) |
|
|
Term
osteoporosis terms
resorption
osteoblasts
osteoclasts |
|
Definition
resorption- just means the loss of a substance
bone resorption- Ca++ moves from bone to blood making bones weaker
osteoblasts- cell that forms bone
osteoclasts- responsible for bone resorption
-get osteoporosis because osteoblast function dec. w/ age but osteoclast function remains the same |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Soma
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
carisoprodol
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Parafon Forte DSC
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chlorzoxazone
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flexeril
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cyclobenazeprine
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Skelaxin
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
metaxalone
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Robaxin
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
methocarbamol
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zanaflex
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tizanidine
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
skeletal muscle relaxant
aux label #1 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Didronel
bisphosphonate
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
etidronate
bisphosphonate
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Skelid
bisphosphonate
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fosamax
bisphosphonate
tab (70mg) once weekly
oral solution (70mg/75ml) once weekly- drink all at once
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alendronate
bisphosphonate
tab (70mg) once weekly
oral solution (70mg/75ml) once weekly- drink all at once
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
alendronate
cholecalciferol |
|
Definition
Fosamax Plus D
bisphosphonate
70mg alendronate; 70mcg cholecalciferol
70mg alendronate; 140mcg cholecalciferol
package: 4 tabs each with both thangs in it; take 1 tab per week (so one pack = one month supply)
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
alendronate
cholecalciferol
bisphosphonate
70mg alendronate; 70mcg cholecalciferol
70mg alendronate; 140mcg cholecalciferol
package: 4 tabs each with both thangs in it; take 1 tab per week (so one pack = one month supply)
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
vitamin D
70mcg chole= 2800 units vitamin D
140mcg chole= 5600 units vitamin D
must have vitamin D, without, have inc. osteoclast function
under 70, need 600 units vitamin D/day
over 70, need 800 units vitamin D/day
Calcium:
women up to 50 and men up to 70 need 1,000mg Ca daily
women over 50 and men over 70 need 1,200mg Ca daily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Actonel, Atelvia
bisphosphonate
Actonel: 35mg once weekly tab
150mg once monthly tab
Atelvia: 35mg once weekly enteric-coated tab
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
risedronate
bisphosphonate
35mg once weekly tab
150mg once monthly tab
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
risedronate
bisphosphonate
35mg once weekly enteric-coated tab
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
risedronate
calcium carbonate |
|
Definition
Actonel with Calcium
bisphosphonate
35mg risedronate- 4 tabs in a pack
1,250mg calcium carbonate- 24 tabs in a pack
take one risedronate tab once weekly and take one calcium carbonate tab daily for the remaining six days of the week
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
risedronate
calcium carbonate
bisphosphonate
35mg risedronate- 4 tabs in a pack
1,250mg calcium carbonate- 24 tabs in a pack
take one risedronate tab once weekly and take one calcium carbonate tab daily for the remaining six days of the week
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Boniva
bisphosphonate
150mg tab
once monthly
parenteral
q 3 months
aux label #2, #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ibandronate
bisphosphonate
150mg tab
once monthly
parenteral
q 3 months
aux label #2 ,#5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Reclast
bisphosphonate
parenteral
once yearly
no aux |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zoledronic acid
bisphosphonate
parenteral
once yearly
no aux |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Forteo
parathyroid hormone (PTH) analog
ind. osteoporosis
stim. osteoblast production; inc. bone formation
SQ injection
once daily
must be refrigerated
no aux |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
teriparatide
parathyroid hormone (PTH) analog
ind. osteoporosis
stim. osteoblast production; inc. bone formation
SQ injection
once daily
must be refrigerated
no aux |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prolia
monoclonal antibody
ind. osteoporosis
dec. resorption
SQ injection
q 6 months
no aux label |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
denosumab
monoclonal antibody
ind. osteoporosis
dec. resorption
SQ injection
q 6 months
no aux label |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2 classes:
protease inhibitors
reverse transcriptase inhibitors
inhibit 2 enzymes HIV virus need sto replicate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Crixivan
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
indinavir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sustiva
antiretroviral
reverse transcriptase inhibitor
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
efavirenz
antiretroviral
reverse transcriptase inhibitor
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Videx EC
antiretroviral
reverse transcriptase inhibitor
*EC stands for enteric coated
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
didanosine
antiretroviral
reverse transcriptase inhibitor
*EC stands for enteric coated
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Carafate
'ulcer band-aid'- creates protective barrier to allow ulcer to heal
-antacids coat stomach and prevent Carafate from binding to damaged tissue (so avoid antacids)
tab 1g
ready to use oral suspension (1g/10ml)
treat 1g QID or 2g BID or ulcer treatment
treat 1g BID for ulcer prophylaxis
aux label #2, #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sucralfate
'ulcer band-aid'- creates protective barrier to allow ulcer to heal
-antacids coat stomach and prevent Carafate from binding to damaged tissue (so avoid antacids)
tab 1g
ready to use oral suspension (1g/10ml)
treat 1g QID or 2g BID or ulcer treatment
treat 1g BID for ulcer prophylaxis
aux label #2, #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Capoten
ACE Inhibitor
taking w/ food reduces effectiveness by 1/2
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
captopril
ACE Inhibitor
taking w/ food reduces effectiveness by 1/2
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Univasc
ACE Inhibitor
taking w/ food reduces effectiveness by 1/2
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
moexipril
ACE Inhibitor
taking w/ food reduces effectiveness by 1/2
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Accolate
leukotriene receptor antagonist
ind. prevent asthma attacks
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
zafirlukast
leukotriene receptor antagonist
ind. prevent asthma attacks
aux label #2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Singulair
leukotriene receptor antagonist
ind. prevent asthma attacks
can take w/o regard to meals; popular |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
antibiotic
aux label #2, #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
antibiotic
aux label #2, #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Moxatag
antibiotic
ER tab
775mg
once daily
average $ for 10 day course = $90
can take w/ or w/o regard to meals (even reconstituted product)
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
amoxicillin
antibiotic
ER tab
775mg
once daily
average $ for 10 day course = $90
can take w/ or w/o regard to meals
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
antibiotic
aux label #2, #3, #7, #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ZMax; Zithromax; AzaSite
antibiotic
macrolide
aux label #3 for all
aux label #7 (avoid antacids)
Zithromax- can take w/o regard to meals
200mg, 500mg tab
100mg/5ml, 200mg/5ml powder for oral suspension- do NOT refrigerate (NO aux 11, viscosity becomes too thick; can't pour out of bottle)
1g single dose packet (one ind. Chylamydia)- pt takes home, mixes w/ 60ml H2O and drinks in one dose
ZMax- aux label #2
ER microspheres for oral suspension
2g single dose; only good for 12 hrs (reconstitute in pharmacy)
AzaSite- can be taken w/o regard to meals
1% ophthalamic solution
ind. bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye)
DuraSite- trade name of polymer that prevents from washing out quickly
use 1 drop BID for 2 days then use 1 drop daily for 5 days
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
azithromycin
antibiotic
macrolide
can take w/o regard to meals
200mg, 500mg tab
100mg/5ml, 200mg/5ml powder for oral suspension- do NOT refrigerate (NO aux 11, viscosity becomes too thick; can't pour out of bottle)
1g single dose packet (one ind. Chylamydia)- pt takes home, mixes w/ 60ml H2O and drinks in one dose
-avoid antacids
aux label #3, #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
azithromycin
antibiotic
macrolide
aux label #2, #3, #7
ER microspheres for oral suspension
2g single dose; only good for 12 hrs (reconstitute in pharmacy)
-avoid antacids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
azithromycin
antibiotic
macrolide
can be taken w/o regard to meals
1% ophthalamic solution
ind. bacterial conjunctivitis (pink eye)
DuraSite- trade name of polymer that prevents from washing out quickly
use 1 drop BID for 2 days then use 1 drop daily for 5 days
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zovirax
anti-infective
antiviral
ind. shingles (herpes zoster; caused by varicella zoster virus)
genital herpes (herpes genitalis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 2 or HSV-2)
fever blisters (herpes labialis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 1 or HSV-1)
to treat herpes labialis:
orally: 400mg 5x daily for 5 days
cream (5%): 5x daily for 4 days
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acyclovir
anti-infective
antiviral
ind. shingles (herpes zoster; caused by varicella zoster virus)
genital herpes (herpes genitalis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 2 or HSV-2)
fever blisters (herpes labialis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 1 or HSV-1)
chicken pox (caused by varicella-zoster virus)
to treat herpes labialis:
orally: 400mg 5x daily for 5 days
cream (5%): 5x daily for 4 days
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Famvir
anti-infective
antiviral
ind. shingles (herpes zoster; caused by varicella zoster virus)
genital herpes (herpes genitalis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 2 or HSV-2)
fever blisters (herpes labialis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 1 or HSV-1)
to treat herpes labialis:
1,500mg single dose (the sooner you take after feeling symptoms, the shorter eruption will be if takes place at all)
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
famiciclovir
anti-infective
antiviral
ind. shingles (herpes zoster; caused by varicella zoster virus)
genital herpes (herpes genitalis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 2 or HSV-2)
fever blisters (herpes labialis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 1 or HSV-1)
to treat herpes labialis:
1,500mg single dose (the sooner you take after feeling symptoms, the shorter eruption will be if takes place at all)
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Valtrex
anti-infective
antiviral
-is converted to acyclovir in the body so if allergic to acyclovir, can't take Valtrex either
ind. shingles (herpes zoster; caused by varicella zoster virus)
genital herpes (herpes genitalis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 2 or HSV-2)
fever blisters (herpes labialis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 1 or HSV-1)
to treat herpes labialis:
2g BID for 1 day (the sooner you take after feeling symptoms, the shorter eruption will last if takes place at all)
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
valacyclovir
anti-infective
antiviral
-is converted to acyclovir in the body so if allergic to acyclovir, can't take Valtrex either
ind. shingles (herpes zoster; caused by varicella zoster virus)
genital herpes (herpes genitalis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 2 or HSV-2)
fever blisters (herpes labialis; caused by herpes simplex virus- 1 or HSV-1)
to treat herpes labialis:
2g BID for 1 day (the sooner you take after feeling symptoms, the shorter eruption will last if takes place at all)
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| All Antibiotics fall under Aux Label #3!!!! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Varicella Vaccine prevents; can be given to adults or children
shingles in the reactivation of chicken pox virus
Zostava- zoster vaccine used to prevent shingles
ind. pts 60 and over and prevents the reactivation of the chicken pox virus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Denavir
anti-infective
antiviral
ind. herpes labialis; Rx only
use q 2 h while awake for 4 days
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
peniciclovir
anti-infective
antiviral
ind. herpes labialis; Rx only
use q 2 h while awake for 4 days
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Abreva
anti-infective
antiviral
OTC
use 5x a day until healed
aux label #3? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
docosanol
anti-infective
antiviral
OTC
use 5x a day until healed
aux label #3? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Xerese
anti-infective
antiviral
Rx only
use 5x a day for 5 days
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acyclovir; hydrocortisone
anti-infective
antiviral
Rx only
use 5x a day for 5 days
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
Antifungals
tinea corporis
tinea pedis
tinea cruris
tinea unguium |
|
Definition
tinea corporis- ringworm
tinea pedis- athlete's foot
tinea cruris- jockitch
tinea unguium- onychomycosis (finger or toe nail)- need oral antifungals to cure
2 Most Popular Systemic Antifungal Classes:
triazles
imidazoles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Loprox; Penlac Nail Lacquer
antifungal
Penlac Nail Lacquer:
is expensive and worthless- is basically a nail polish
apply once a day at bedtime each night for a week; paint over each coat each night; at the end of the week, use nail polish remover to remove all coats and start over
aux label #3 optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ciclopirox
antifungal
is expensive and worthless- is basically a nail polish
apply once a day at bedtime each night for a week; paint over each coat each night; at the end of the week, use nail polish remover to remove all coats and start over
aux label #3 optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tinactin
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tolnaftate
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lotrimin AF
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clotrimazole
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lotrimin Ultra, Mentax
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
butenafine
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
butenafine
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lamisil, Lamisil AT
anti-infective
antifungal
Lamisil- topical cream (aux label #3 is optional), tab (aux label #3)
Lamisil AT- topical solution
SALAD w/ lamotrigine- Lamictal (anticonvulsant) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
terbinafine
anti-infective
antifungal
topical cream- aux label #3 is optional
tab- aux label #3
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ertaczo
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
only ind. tinea corporis
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sertaconzaole
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
only ind. tinea corporis
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
anti-infective
antifungal
imidazole
tab
take a few hours before antacids b/c the higher the gastric pH, the less ketoconazole is absorbed (sometimes pt is even told to take with a soda to lower gastric pH)
aux label #3, #7
shampoo (Nizoral AD- for dandruff- OTC)
aux label #3 optional
topical cream
aux label #3 is optional
to inc. effectiveness, can work-out until sweat (must sweat) drug is secreted in sweat (concentrates on skin); but can't shower for 4 hours after
-can take w/ or w/o food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Diflucan
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
ind. 3 types candidiasis (candida albicans):
oral (thrush)
esophageal
vaginal (yeast infection)
150mg tab one time oral treatment
powder for oral suspension (stable at RT or in refrigerator)
aux label #3
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ciclopirox
anti-infective
antifungal
topical
aux label #3 is optional |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fluconazole
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
ind. 3 types candidiasis (candida albicans):
oral (thrush)
esophageal
vaginal (yeast infection)
150mg tab one time oral treatment
powder for oral suspension- stable at RT or in refrigerator
aux label #3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sporanox
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
cap
oral solution
cap only (aux label #4)
aux label #3, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
itraconzaole
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
cap
oral solution
cap only (aux label #4)
aux label #3, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vfend
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
tab
powder for oral suspension
aux label #3, #4, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
voriconazole
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
tab
powder for oral suspension
aux label #3, #4, #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Noxafil
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
ready to use oral suspension
aux label #3, #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
posaconazole
anti-infective
antifungal
triazole
ready to use oral suspension
aux label #3, #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Grifulvin V, Gris-PEG
anti-infective
antifungal
imidazole
Grifulvin V- tab, ready to use oral suspension
Gris-PEG- tab
must be taken w/ food; the greasier the better
aux label #3, #4, #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
griseofulvin
anti-infective
antifungal
imidazole
Grifulvin V- tab, ready to use oral suspension
must be taken with food; the greasier the better
aux label #3, #4, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
griseofulvin
anti-infective
antifungal
imidazole
Gris-PEG- tab
must be taken w/ food; the greasier the better
aux label #3, #4, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tamiflu
antiviral
neuraminidase inhibitor
30mg, 45mg, 75mg cap
12mg/ml powder for oral suspension (has to refrigerated for stability)
if 13 and over, dose is 75mg
if under 13, dose,is based on weight
for treatment of flu take dose twice daily for 5 days
need to start w/in 12 hours if possible
for flu prophylaxis, take dose once daily for 10 days
need to start w/in 2 days of exposure
-are only protected while taking (not for entire flu season)
-is nauseating (is why is aux label #4)
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
terbinafine
anti-infective
antifungal
topical solution
aux label #3? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oseltamivir
antiviral
neuraminidase inhibitor
30mg, 45mg, 75mg cap
12mg/ml powder for oral suspension (has to refrigerated for stability)
if 13 and over, dose is 75mg
if under 13, dose,is based on weight
for treatment of flu take dose twice daily for 5 days
need to start w/in 12 hours if possible
for flu prophylaxis, take dose once daily for 10 days
need to start w/in 2 days of exposure
-are only protected while taking (not for entire flu season)
-is nauseating (is why is aux label #4)
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
antiviral
ind. flu prevention
shortens disease length- alters the virus preventing its penetration into the host
also ind. Parkinson's Disease
is a dopamine agonist
-dopamine = the neurotransmitter that controls movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flumadine
antiviral
ind. flu prevention
shortens disease length- alters the virus preventing its penetration into the host
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rimantadine
antiviral
ind. flu prevention
shortens disease length- alters the virus preventing its penetration into the host
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Norvir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ritonavir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Viracept
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nelfinavir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prezista
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
darunavir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Invirase
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
saquinavir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Reyataz
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
atazanavir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aptivus
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tipranavir
antiretroviral
protease inhibitor
aux label #4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Macrodantin, Macrobid
anti-infective
ind. UTI
better absorption with food
aux label #3, #4, #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nitrofurantoin
anti-infective
ind. UTI
better absorption with food
aux label #3, #4, #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nitrofurantoin
anti-infective
ind. UTI
better absorption with food
aux label #3, #4, #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tessalon
antitussive
anesthetizes the stretch tissue of the lungs
100mg, 200mg soft gelatin cap
have to counsel: don't dissolve in mouth (will numb mouth and throat to point can't eat or drink)
aux label #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
benzonatate
antitussive
anesthetizes the stretch tissue of the lungs
100mg, 200mg soft gelatin cap
have to counsel: don't dissolve in mouth (will numb mouth and throat to point can't eat or drink)
aux label #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pyridium, Azo-Standard
is a reddish dye that exerts a local anesthetic effect on the urinary tract mucosa
-doesn't cure anything, pt still needs an antibiotic to cure infection
Pyridium- 100mg, 200mg Rx only
Azo-Standard- 95mg OTC
take w/ lots of water b/c delivers to site of action more quickly
aux label #5, #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
phenazopyridine
is a reddish dye that exerts a local anesthetic effect on the urinary tract mucosa
-doesn't cure anything, pt still needs an antibiotic to cure infection
Pyridium- 100mg, 200mg Rx only
take w/ lots of water b/c delivers to site of action more quickly
aux label #5, #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
phenazopyridine
is a reddish dye that exerts a local anesthetic effect on the urinary tract mucosa
-doesn't cure anything, pt still needs an antibiotic to cure infection
Azo-Standard- 95mg OTC
take w/ lots of water b/c delivers to site of action more quickly
aux label #5, #8 |
|
|
Term
sulfamethoxazole
trimethoprim |
|
Definition
Bactrim DS, Septra DS
sulfa is a sulfonamide
take w/ lots of water to avoid crystalluria
if taking either Bactrim or Septra with ACE Inhibitors or ARB's, 7-fold inc. risk of hyperkalemia (mostly in elderly- kidneys don't work as well)
all sulfonamides: aux label #10
aux label #5, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sulfamethoxazole; trimethoprim
sulfa is a sulfonamide
take w/ lots of water to avoid crystalluria
if taking with ACE Inhibitors or ARB's, 7-fold inc. risk of hyperkalemia (mostly in elderly- kidneys don't work as well)
aux label #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sulfamethoxazole; trimethoprim
sulfa is a sulfonamide
take w/ lots of water to avoid crystalluria
if taking with ACE Inhibitors or ARB's, 7-fold inc. risk of hyperkalemia (mostly in elderly- kidneys don't work as well)
aux label #5 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
take w/ lots of water
w/o water, can cause hemorhagic cystitis- bloody, painful urination; can occur w/in hours of taking drug
occurs b/c metabolites are irritating to bladder mucosal
if hydrated, dec. time the metabolites are in contact with tissue
pts taking this durg should drink 2L of fluid a day; take the drug in the am so void all during the day (also recommended that people void once during the night) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral corticosteroid
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Medrol
oral corticosteroid
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
methylprednisolone
oral corticosteroid
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral corticosteroid
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral corticosteroid
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cortef
oral corticosteroid
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hydrocortisone
oral corticosteroid
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Flagyl
nitroimidazole
kills both bacteria and protozoa
main ind.: trichomoniasis- sexually transmitted protozoal infection
female pts are symptomatic
male pts are asymptomatic
must treat both or guy will keep giving it to the girl
if drink alcohol w/ can get sick to stomach and throw up due to disulfiram-like reaction; 10% incidence
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
metronidazole
nitroimidazole
kills both bacteria and protozoa
main ind.: trichomoniasis- sexually transmitted protozoal infection
female pts are symptomatic
male pts are asymptomatic
must treat both or guy will keep giving it to the girl
if drink alcohol w/ can get sick to stomach and throw up due to disulfiram-like reaction; 10% incidence
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Antabuse
if taking and drink alcohol, will throw up (enforced sobriety)
Black Box Warning: is carcinogenic in mice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
disulfiram
if taking and drink alcohol, will throw up (enforced sobriety)
Black Box Warning: is carcinogenic in mice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
first generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glucotrol
second-generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glipizide
second-generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Diabeta, Glynase PresTab
second-generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glyburide
second-generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glyburide
second-generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Amaryl
second-generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glimepiride
second-generation sulfonylurea
sulfonylureas: stim. insulin release from the pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin (help with insulin resistance)
antidiabetics that stim. insulin release can cause hypoglycemia in overdose situations
don't take w/ alcohol b/c inc. risk of hypoglycemia
aux label #6, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Starlix
Antidiabetic
meglitinide
stim. insulin release from the pancreas
in an overdose can cause hypoglycemia
w/ alcohol can cause hypoglycemia
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nateglinide
Antidiabetic
meglitinide
stim. insulin release from the pancreas
in an overdose can cause hypoglycemia
w/ alcohol can cause hypoglycemia
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prandin
Antidiabetic
meglitinide
stim. insulin release from the pancreas
in an overdose can cause hypoglycemia
w/ alcohol can cause hypoglycemia
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
repaglinide
Antidiabetic
meglitinide
stim. insulin release from the pancreas
in an overdose can cause hypoglycemia
w/ alcohol can cause hypoglycemia
aux label #6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Avandia
Antidiabetic
thiazolidinedione
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rosiglitazone
Antidiabetic
thiazolidinedione
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Actos
Antidiabetic
thiazolidinedione
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pioglitazone
Antidiabetic
thiazolidinedione
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glucophage, Fortamet, Glumetza
Antidiabetic
biguanide
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
metformin
Antidiabetic
biguanide
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
metformin
Antidiabetic
biguanide
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
metformin
Antidiabetic
biguanide
inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Precose
Antidiabetic
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
delays digestion of ingested carbohydrates which results in a smaller blood glucose rise after a meal
TID; take with first bit of each meal
75% incidence of flatulence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acarbose
Antidiabetic
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
delays digestion of ingested carbohydrates which results in a smaller blood glucose rise after a meal
TID; take with first bit of each meal
75% incidence of flatulence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glyset
Antidiabetic
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
delays digestion of ingested carbohydrates which results in a smaller blood glucose rise after a meal
TID; take with first bit of each meal
75% incidence of flatulence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
miglitol
Antidiabetic
alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
delays digestion of ingested carbohydrates which results in a smaller blood glucose rise after a meal
TID; take with first bit of each meal
75% incidence of flatulence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Januvia
Antidiabetic
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
DPP-4 is an enzyme that metabolizes the incretin hormones which are released in the intestine in response to meals (glucose);
incretin hormones stim. the release of insulin from the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sitagliptin
Antidiabetic
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
DPP-4 is an enzyme that metabolizes the incretin hormones which are released in the intestine in response to meals (glucose);
incretin hormones stim. the release of insulin from the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Onglyza
Antidiabetic
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
DPP-4 is an enzyme that metabolizes the incretin hormones which are released in the intestine in response to meals (glucose);
incretin hormones stim. the release of insulin from the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
saxagliptin
Antidiabetic
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
DPP-4 is an enzyme that metabolizes the incretin hormones which are released in the intestine in response to meals (glucose);
incretin hormones stim. the release of insulin from the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tradjenta
Antidiabetic
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
DPP-4 is an enzyme that metabolizes the incretin hormones which are released in the intestine in response to meals (glucose);
incretin hormones stim. the release of insulin from the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
linagliptin
Antidiabetic
dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor
DPP-4 is an enzyme that metabolizes the incretin hormones which are released in the intestine in response to meals (glucose);
incretin hormones stim. the release of insulin from the pancreas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Janumet
Antidiabetic
sitagliptin- DPP-4 Inhibitor (stim. release of insulin from pancreas)
metformin- biguanide (inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
sitagliptin, metformin
Antidiabetic
sitagliptin- DPP-4 Inhibitor (stim. release of insulin from pancreas)
metformin- biguanide (inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Byetta
Antidiabetic
incretin mimetic
mimics the action of incretin hormones
SQ injection
2 pens: 5mcg, 10mcg
need to administer 1 hr before breakfast and supper (BID); if inject and don't eat, nothing happens
must refrigerate in the pharmacy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
exenatide
Antidiabetic
incretin mimetic
mimics the action of incretin hormones
SQ injection
2 pens: 5mcg, 10mcg
need to administer 1 hr before breakfast and supper (BID); if inject and don't eat, nothing happens
must refrigerate in the pharmacy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Victoza
Antidiabetic
incretin mimetic
mimics the action of incretin hormones
is long acting
SQ injection
1 pen, dial the dose: 0.6mg, 1.2mg, 1.8mg
admin. once daily at any time independent of meals
must refrigerate in the pharmacy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
liraglutide
Antidiabetic
incretin mimetic
mimics the action of incretin hormones
is long acting
SQ injection
1 pen, dial the dose: 0.6mg, 1.2mg, 1.8mg
admin. once daily at any time independent of meals
must refrigerate in the pharmacy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cycloset
Antidiabetic
dopamine receptor agonist
low dopamine levels may dec. tissue sensitivity to insulin (so this class inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bromocriptine
Antidiabetic
dopamine receptor agonist
low dopamine levels may dec. tissue sensitivity to insulin (so this class inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Glucovance
Antidiabetic
glyburide: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glyburide; metformin
Antidiabetic
glyburide: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
rosiglitazone
glimepiride |
|
Definition
Avandaryl
Antidiabetic
rosiglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
glimepiride: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas and inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rosiglitazone; glimepiride
Antidiabetic
rosiglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
glimepiride: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas and inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Metaglip
Antidiabetic
glipizide: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
glipizide; metformin
Antidiabetic
glipizide: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Avandamet
Antidiabetic
rosiglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rosiglitazone; metformin
Antidiabetic
rosiglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ActoPlus Met
Antidiabetic
pioglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pioglitazone; metformin
Antidiabetic
pioglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Duetact
Antidiabetic
pioglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
glimepiride: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pioglitazone; glimepiride
Antidiabetic
pioglitazone: thiazolidinedione- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin
glimepiride: sulfonylurea- stim. release of insulin from pancreas & inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PrandiMet
Antidiabetic
repaglinide: meglitinide- stim. release of insulin from pancreas
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
repaglinide; metformin
Antidiabetic
repaglinide: meglitinide- stim. release of insulin from pancreas
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Kombiglyze XR
Antidiabetic
saxagliptin: DPP-4 inhibitor- stim. release of insulin from the pancreas
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
saxagliptin; metformin
Antidiabetic
saxagliptin: DPP-4 inhibitor- stim. release of insulin from the pancreas
metformin: biguanide- inc. tissue sensitivity to insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vibramycin, Doryx, Periostat
antibiotic
tetracycline
Periostat- 20mg tab
ind. periodontitis- tissue around tooth becomes inflamed; the drug inhibits collagenase which is what causes the inflammation
-isn't bacteriocidal (at this strength) not used for infections
aux label #7, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
doxycycline
antibiotic
tetracycline
aux label #7, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
doxycycline
antibiotic
tetracycline
aux label #7, 10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
doxycycline
antibiotic
tetracycline
Periostat- 20mg tab
ind. periodontitis- tissue around tooth becomes inflamed; the drug inhibits collagenase which is what causes the inflammation
-isn't bacteriocidal (at this strength) not used for infections
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cipro
antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
reconstituted; stable at RT or in refrigerator
aux label #7, 10
**never use fluoroquinolones in pts under 18- tendon issues; fluoroquinolones have a BBW: ma cause achilles or other tendon rupture
so if taking be careful (no basketball, football, etc) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ciprofloxacin
antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
reconstituted; stable at RT or in refrigerator
aux label #7, 10
**never use fluoroquinolones in pts under 18- tendon issues; fluoroquinolones have a BBW: ma cause achilles or other tendon rupture
so if taking be careful (no basketball, football, etc) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
antibiotic
cephalosporin- 3rd generation
dairy is okay but avoid antacids and minerals
oral suspension can cause red stool (believed that cefdinir can act with dietary iron- not common, but should counsel patient)
oral suspension should NOT be refrigerated (NO aux #11)-- viscosity inc. and becomes too thick to pour out of bottle)
aux label #7, #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the act of dispensing an unbranded drug product for the drug product prescribed (i.e. chemically, the exact same drug entity in the same dosage form, but distributed by different companies)
brand name products are protected by patent for 17 years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
aka pharmaceutical equivalents
two products from different companies that contain identical active ingredients, in identical strengths, in identical dosage forms
products from two different manufactuers (multisource products) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chemical equivalents tht produce similar blood levels
it is assumed that bioequivalents produce similar therapeutic effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chemical equivalents that do not produce similar blood levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chemical equivalents which, when administered in the same amounts, will provide the same therapeutic effect as measured by the control of a symptom or disease
therapeutic equivalents are chemical equivalents that produce similar blood levels
Arkansas Pharmacists can substitute therapeutic equivalents
aka 1. AR pharmacists can substitute chemical equivalents that produce similar blood levels
2.AR pharmacists can substitute generics that produce similar blood levels to the brand name products
how does a pharmacist know?
they must refer to the FDA therapeutic equivalence codes for medications |
|
|
Term
| therapeutic equivalence codes |
|
Definition
is a two letter code assigned to a medication by the FDA
the first letter of the code tells the pharmacist whether or not the medication may be substituted
the second letter provides additional info about the medication form the FDA
A: drug products that are considered to be therapeutically equivalent to other pharmaceutically (chemically) equivalent products and may be substituted-- these medications are chemical equivs that produce similar blood levels and therefore similar therapeutic effects; pharmacists may substitute A rated generics for the brand name (ex: AA, AN, AO, AP, AT, etc)
B: drug products taht are not considered to be therapeutically equivalent to other pharmaceutically (chemically) equivalent products and may not be substituted-- these meds are chemical equivs that not do produce similar blood levels; pharms may not sub B rated generics for the brand name unless approval is granted from the prescriber (ex: BC, BD, BR, etc.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
drug products that contain the same therapeutic moiety and strength but differ in the salt, ester or dosage form and are administered by the same route
AR pharms cannot substitute pharmaceutic alternates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
drug products containing different therapeutic moieties (different generic names) but which are of the same pharmacological and/or therapeutic class that can be expected to have similar therapeutic effects when administered to patients in therapeutically equivalent doses
ex: Bystolic- nebivolol
Zebeta- bisoprolol
Corgard- nadolol
Tenormin- atenolol
ex: Cardizem LA- diltiazem
Procardia- nifedipine
Sular- nisoldipine
Calan- verapamil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the act of dispensing a therapeutic alternate for the drug prodcut prescribed; AR pharms cannot perform therapeutic substitution |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Simemet
ind. Parkinson's Disease
off-label use: RLS
levodopa is converted to dopamine in the brain-- RLS may be caused by low dopamine levels OR
low iron levels (exact cause is unknown)
levodopa is always given with carbidopa
carbidopa prevents the peripheral breakdown of levodopa so more is availalbe to the CNS
do not take w/in 2 hrs of iron; dec. absorption
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
carbidopa; levodopa
ind. Parkinson's Disease
off-label use: RLS
levodopa is converted to dopamine in the brain-- RLS may be caused by low dopamine levels OR
low iron levels (exact cause is unknown)
levodopa is always given with carbidopa
carbidopa prevents the peripheral breakdown of levodopa so more is availalbe to the CNS
do not take w/in 2 hrs of iron; dec. absorption
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Requip
Dopamine Receptor Agonist
ind. Parkinson's Disease and RLS
for Park: tid
for RLS: tk 1-3 h before bed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ropinirole
Dopamine Receptor Agonist
ind. Parkinson's Disease and RLS
for Park: tid
for RLS: tk 1-3 h before bed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Mirapex
Dopamine Receptor Agonist
ind. Parkinson's Disease and RLS
for Park: tid
for RLS: tk 1-3 h before bed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pramipexole
Dopamine Receptor Agonist
ind. Parkinson's Disease and RLS
for Park: tid
for RLS: tk 1-3 h before bed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cleocin, Cleocin Ovules
Antibiotic
lincosamide
oral dosage forms can cause black stool
Cleocin: 150mg, 300mg cap
75mg/5mL granules for oral solution (tastes bad; after reconstitution store at room temp- so NO aux 11)
2% vaginal cream (7 day duration of therapy; use once daily at any time of day)
Cleocin Ovules: 100mg vaginal suppository (3 day duration of therapy; use once daily)
aux label #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clindamycin
Antibiotic
lincosamide
oral dosage forms can cause black stool
150mg, 300mg cap
75mg/5mL granules for oral solution (tastes bad; after reconstitution store at room temp- so NO aux 11)
2% vaginal cream (7 day duration of therapy; use once daily at any time of day)
aux label #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clindamycin
Antibiotic
lincosamide
100mg vaginal suppository (3 day duration of therapy; use once daily) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hemocyte
iron preparations cause black stools due to unabsorbed Fe
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ferrous fumarate
iron preparations cause black stools due to unabsorbed Fe
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fergon
iron preparations cause black stools due to unabsorbed Fe
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ferrous gluconate
iron preparations cause black stools due to unabsorbed Fe
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Feosol
iron preparations cause black stools due to unabsorbed Fe
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ferrous sulfate
iron preparations cause black stools due to unabsorbed Fe
aux label #7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Colcrys
Antiinflammatory
ind. treatment of gout
gout: painful inflammation around a joint caused by uric acid crystals; uric acid crystals are caused by excess uric acid in the blood (the clinical term for this is hyperuricemia)
tab 0.6mg
sig: tk 2 ts the first dose (1.2mg); then tk 1 more t 1 h later and that's all
-not a first line treamtent for gout (NSAIDs and oral corticosteroids are first) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
colchicine
Antiinflammatory
ind. treatment of gout
gout: painful inflammation around a joint caused by uric acid crystals; uric acid crystals are caused by excess uric acid in the blood (the clinical term for this is hyperuricemia)
tab 0.6mg
sig: tk 2 ts the first dose (1.2mg); then tk 1 more t 1 h later and that's all
-not a first line treamtent for gout (NSAIDs and oral corticosteroids are first) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Krystexxa
ind. treatment resistant gout
uric acid specific enzyme
metabolizes uric acid in the blood to allantoin; allantoin is a water-soluble inert substance that is excreted in the urine
disadvantage: is IV; q 2 weeks
BBW: severe allergic reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pegloticase
ind. treatment resistant gout
uric acid specific enzyme
metabolizes uric acid in the blood to allantoin; allantoin is a water-soluble inert substance that is excreted in the urine
disadvantage: is IV; q 2 weeks
BBW: severe allergic reactions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Uloric
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor
ind. prevention of hyperuricemia (prevention of gout)
xanthine is an enzyme that you need for uric acid formation
once daily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
febuxostat
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor
ind. prevention of hyperuricemia (prevention of gout)
xanthine is an enzyme that you need for uric acid formation
once daily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zyloprim
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor
ind. prevention of hyperuricemia (prevention of gout)
xanthine is an enzyme that you need for uric acid formation
once daily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
allopurinol
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor
ind. prevention of hyperuricemia (prevention of gout)
xanthine is an enzyme that you need for uric acid formation
once daily |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rifadin
Antituberculosis
problem: discolors all secretions to an orange color (sweat, tears, etc)
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives more than any other anti-infective
aux label #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rifampin
Antituberculosis
problem: discolors all secretions to an orange color (sweat, tears, etc)
dec. effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives more than any other anti-infective
aux label #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Priftin
Antituburculosis
discolors secretions (inc. urine, sweat, tears, etc.)
aux label #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rifapentine
Antituburculosis
discolors secretions (inc. urine, sweat, tears, etc.)
aux label #8 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Xifaxan
Antibiotic
ind. treatment of Traveler's Diarrhea caused by E. coli
-this is also an off-label use for doxycyclne; not FDA approved for this but is cheaper than Xifaxan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rifaximin
Antibiotic
ind. treatment of Traveler's Diarrhea caused by E. coli
-this is also an off-label use for doxycyclne; not FDA approved for this but is cheaper than Xifaxan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Noroxin
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
norfloxacin
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
no trade name
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Levaquin
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
levofloxacin
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Avelox
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
moxifloxacin
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Factive
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
gemifloxacin
Antibiotic
fluoroquinolone
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Amnesteem, Sotret, Claravis
Anti-Acne
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
isotretinoin
Anti-Acne
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
isotretinoin
Anti-Acne
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
isotretinoin
Anti-Acne
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
promethazine
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cordarone, Pacerone
Antiarrhythmic
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
amiodarone
Antiarrhythmic
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
amiodarone
Antiarrhythmic
aux label #10 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-photoallergic rxn: UV light chemically changes the drug in the skin; in some people, the changed drug can become an allergan; then, if take or use the drug again, have an allergic rxn
-phototoxic rxn: UV light activates certain drugs which causes the drug to emit energy into the skin which damages the skin (presents like a sunburn but isn't a sunburn)
all of the drugs we're dealing with create a phototoxic rxn
3 drugs with highest incident:
ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin |
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|
