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Disorders of the mood
Chapter 8
23
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
09/29/2014

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Term
Depression
Definition
is a low sad state in which life seems dark and it challenges overwhelming
Term
Mania
Definition
the opposite of depression is a state of breathless euphoria or a least frenzied energy in which people may have and exaggerated belief that the world is theirs for the taking
Term
Depressive disorders
Definition
suffer from a pattern called Unipolar depression.
Term
Bipolar disorders
Definition
experience periods of mania that alternate with periods of depression.
Term
Unipolar depression
Definition
Depression with no history of mania
Term
How common is unipolar depression?
Definition
as much as 26% of women will experience this compared to 12% of men. overall 9.6% of adults in the USA suffer from unipolar depression
Term
What are the symptoms of depression?
Definition
Sobbing, indecisiveness, feelings of despair, anger and worthlessness.
Term
What areas of functioning does depression effect?
Definition
emotional, motivational, behavioral, cognitive and physical
Term
Diagnosing Unipolar Depression
Definition
a major depressive episode is a period of tow or more weeks marked by at least five symptoms of depression including sad mood and or loss of pleasure. in extreme cases it may include psychotic symptoms, loss of contact with reality or hallucinations.
Term
Types of Major Depressive Disorders
Definition
Seasonal, recurrent, catatonic, postpartum, melancholic
Term
Dysthymic Disorder
Definition
Persistant depressive disorder. a pattern of depression that is similar to but longer lasting and less disabling than a major depressive disorder.
Term
Prementral Dysphoic disorder
Definition
a disorder marked by repeated experiences of significant depression and related symptoms during the week before menstruation.
Term
What causes Unipolar Depression
Definition
often caused by stressful events. It can point to biological, psychological and sociocultural factors.
Term
What are the bio chemical factors that may lead to depression?
Definition
Norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter whos abnosmal activity is linked to depression and panic disorder. Serotonin a neurotransmitter whos abnormal activity is linked to depression, oCD and eating disorders. Low activity of both of these is linked to depression Additonally the endocrine system may also play a role. the interactions of these chemicals may produce a depressive state.
Term
The biology of Depression. What areas of the brain are involved with depression?
Definition
prefrontal cortex hippocampus, amygdala and the Brodmann area 25 which is just below the terminus of the hippocampus in the center of the brain just back from the temple area.
Term
Symbolic loss
Definition
according to freudian therory the loss of a valued object that is unconsciously interpreted as the loss of a loved one also called imagined loss.
Term
Anaclitic Depression
Definition
a pattern of depressed behavior found among very young children that is caused by separation from one's mother.
Term
Theory of Negative thinking cognitive view
Definition
maladaptive attitudes a cognitive triad errors in thinking and authomatice thoughts caombine to produce unipolar depression for example my general worth is tied to every task i perform. If i fail other will be repelled by me.
Term
cognitive triad.
Definition
A negative view of ones self, ones experiences and ones future.
Term
Automatic thoughts
Definition
a steady stream of unpleasant thoughts that keep suggesting to them that they are inadequate and that their situation is hopeless
Term
Learned helplessness
Definition
The perception based on past experiences that one has not control over ones reinforcements
Term
Attribution helplessness theory
Definition
Internal, global and stable.
Its my fault (internal) I ruin everything (global) and I always will(stable)
Term
sociocultural view of depression
Definition
believed to be caused by outside stressers. ranging from economic status, gender race and interpersonal factors in the development of depression.
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