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| 10-inch tube that extends from the pharynx to the stomach. |
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| J-shaped sac that mixes and stores food. It secretes chemicals for digestion and hormones for local communication control. |
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| Area around the opening of the esophagus. |
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| Uppermost domed portion of the stomach. |
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| Central Portion of the Stomach. |
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| Lower portion of the stomach. |
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| Portion of the stomach that connects to the small intestine. |
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| Ring of muscle that guards the opening between the stomach and the duodenum. |
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| 20-foot canal extending from the pyloric sphincter to the large intestine. |
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| First 10 to 12 inches of the small intestine. |
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| Second portion of the small intestine, approximately 8 feet long. |
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| Third portion of the small intestine, approximately 11 feet long, which connects with the large intestine. |
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| Canal that is approximately 5 feet long and extends from the ileum to the anus. |
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| Blind U-shaped pouch that is the first portion of the large intestine. |
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| Section in the large intestine right after Cecum. The colon is divided into four parts: ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon. |
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| Remaining portion of the large intestine, approximately 8 to 10 inches long, extending from the sigmoid colon to the anus. |
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Definition
| Sphincter muscle (ringlike band of muscle fiber that keeps an opening tight) at the end of the digestive tract. |
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| Small, sac-like structure that stores bile. |
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| Produces pancreatic juice, which helps digest all types of food and secretes insulin for carbohydrate metabolism. |
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Definition
| Serous sac-like lining of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. |
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| Small pouch, which has no function in digestion, attached to the cecum (also called vermiform appendix). |
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| Colon (usually denoting the large intestine). |
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| Intestine (usually denoting the small intestine) |
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| Abdomen (abdominal cavity) |
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Term
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Definition
| Abdomen (abdominal cavity) |
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Term
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Definition
| Abdomen (abdominal cavity) |
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| diverticulum, or blind pouch,extending from a hollow organ (pl. diverticula) |
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| abnormal condition of (multiple) polyps (in the mucous membrane of the intestine, especially the colon; high potential for malignancy). |
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| Inflammation of the liver associated with (excess) fat; (often cause by alcohol abuse and over time may cause cirrhosis) |
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Definition
| Abnormal growing together of two surfaces that normally are separated. This may occur after abdominal surgery; surgical treatment is called adhesiolysis or adhesiotomy. |
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| Chronic disease of the liver with gradual destruction of cells and formation of scar tissue; commonly caused by alcoholism. |
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| Chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract usually affecting the ileum and characterized by cobblestone ulcerations and the formation of scar tissue that may lead to intestinal obstruction (also called region ileitis or regional enteritis). |
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Definition
| An Iron metabolism disorder that occurs when too much iron is absorbed from food, resulting in excessive deposits of iron in the tissue; can cause congestive heart failure, diabetes, cirrhosis, or cancer of the liver. |
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Term
| Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) |
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Definition
| The abnormal backward flow of the gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus, causing heartburn and the gradual breakdown of the mucous barrier of the esophagus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
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Definition
| Varicose vein in the rectal area, which may be internal or external. |
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| Obstruction of the intestine, often cause by failure of peristalsis. |
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| Telescoping of a segment of the intestine. |
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Definition
| Twisting or kinking of the intestine, causing intestinal obstruction. |
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Definition
| Creation of an artificial opening into the colon (through the abdominal wall). Used for the passage of stool. A colostomy, which creates a mouth-like opening on the abdominal wall called a stoma, may be permanent or temporary and performed as treatment for bowel obstruction, cancer, or diverticulitis). |
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Definition
| Abdominoperineal Resection |
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Term
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| Esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
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Definition
| Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography |
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| Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy |
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Term
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Definition
| Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty |
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Term
| Abdominoperineal Resection (A&P resection) |
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Definition
| Removal of the colon and rectum through both abdominal and perineal approaches; performed to treat colorectal cancer and inflammatory diseases of the lower large intestine. The patient will have a colostomy. |
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Definition
| An opening created by surgically joining two structures, such as blood vessels or bowel segments. |
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Definition
| Surgical reduction of gastric capacity to treat morbid obesity. |
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Definition
| Cutting of certain branches of the vagus nerve, performed with gastric surgery to reduce the amount of gastric acid produced and thus reduce the recurrence of ulcers. |
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Term
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Definition
| Radiographic image of the esophagus. Barium is used as contrast media; also called esophagram and barium swallow. |
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Definition
| Series of radiographic images taken of the large intestine after a barium enema has been administered rectally (also called lower GI series). |
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Definition
| Blood that is present but can only be viewed microscopically. |
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Definition
| A test to detect occult blood in feces. Used to screen for colon cancer or polyps. Also called Guaiac Test |
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| Helicobacter Pylori Antibodies Test |
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Definition
| A blood test to determine the presence of H. pylori bacteria. The bacteria can be fund in the lining of the stomach and can cause peptic ulcers. Tests for H. pylori are also performed on biopsy specimens and by breath tests. |
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Definition
| Without swallowing (the inability to). |
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Definition
| Increased fat at the cellular level often affecting the liver. |
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Definition
| Discharge of fat in the stool, associated with Celiac's disease and pancreatitis. |
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Definition
| Abnormal collection of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. |
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Definition
| Disorder that involves inflammation of the intestine (usually the large intestine) associated with diarrhea and abdominal pain. |
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Definition
| Expelling matter from the stomach through the mouth (also called vomiting or vomitus). |
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Definition
| Gas in the digestive tract or expelled through the anus. |
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Definition
| Washing out of the stomach. |
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Definition
| Process of feeding a person through a nasogastric tube. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Black, tarry stool that contains digested blood; usually a result of bleeding in the upper GI tract. |
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Definition
| Involuntary wavelike contractions that propel food along the digestive tract. |
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Definition
| Abnormal backwards flow. In esophageal reflux, the stomach contents flow back into the esophagus. |
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Definition
| Surgical opening between an organ and the surface of the body, between body structures, or between portions of the intestines. |
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