Term
|
Definition
| stable internal environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| objective indicators that are observable. ex: rash, tissue redness, swelling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subjective indicator of disease. Only experienced by patient; dizziness, pain, nausea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the cause or origin of a disease or disorder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| establishing the cause and nature of a disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prediction of the course of a disease and its probable outcome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease whose cause is unknown |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals |
|
|
Term
| incision and drainage (I&D) |
|
Definition
| incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope |
|
|
Term
| complete blood count (CBC) |
|
Definition
| panel of blood tests used as a broad screening test for anemias, infections, and other diseases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of a representative tissue sample from a body site for microscopic examinations, usually to establish a diagnosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relatively thin over most areas but is thickest on the palms of hands and soles of feet; contains basal layer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| second layer of the skin; composed of living tissue and contains numerous capillaries, lymphatic vessels, and nerve endings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| binds the dermis to underlying structures. composed primarily of loose connective tissue and adipose tissue interlaces with blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
| first-degree (superficial) burns |
|
Definition
| least serious; injure only the top layers of skin-epidermis |
|
|
Term
| second-degree (partial thickness) |
|
Definition
| deep burns that damage the epidermis and part of the dermis |
|
|
Term
| third-degree (full-thickness) burns |
|
Definition
| epidermis and dermis are destroyed and some of the underlying connective tissue is damaged, leaving the skin waxy and charred with insensitivity to touch |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| noncancerous growths composed of the same type of cells as the tissue in which they are growing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancer; composed of cells that tend to become invasive and spread to remote regions of the body--(metastasis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| localized collection of pus at the site of an infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles of the skin with characteristic lesions that include blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules, cysts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of hair resulting from normal aging, an endocrine disorder, a drug reaction, anticancer medication, or a skin disease; baldness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diffuse (widespread), acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; light glossy appearance of the skin, localized heat, redness, pain, swelling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| typical small skin lesion of acne vulgaris caused by accumulation of keratin, bacteria, and dried sebum plugging an excretory duct of the skin; whitehead |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection of the skin caused by fungi; ringworm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| skin discoloration consisting of a large, irregular formed hemorrhagic area with colors changing from blue black to greenish brown or yellow; bruise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, pustule; atopic dermatitis; intense itching |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| redness of the skin caused by swelling of the capillaries; mild sunburn or nervous blushing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bacterial skin infection characterized by isolated pustules that become crusted and rupture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thickened area of the epidermis or any horny growth on the skin (callus/wart) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unnatural paleness or absence of color in the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infestation with lice, transmitted by personal contact or common use of hair brushes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| minute, pinpoint hemorrhage under the skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation, sore, skin deterioration caused by prolonged pressure from lying in one position that prevents blood flow to the tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic skin disease characterized by circumscribed red patches covered by think, dry, silvery, adherent scales and caused by excessive development of the basal layer of the epidermis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any of several bleeding disorders characterized by hemorrhage into the tissues, particularly beneath the skin or mucous membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contagious skin disease transmitted by the itch mite, commonly through sexual contact |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal skin infection whose name commonly indicates the body part affected; ringworm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or hives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamine; ex: diphenhydramine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions; ex: ethyl or isopropyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system's inflammatory response to tissue damage; ex: hydrocortisone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layers and mucous membranes; ex: lidocaine, procaine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition in which small, blisterlike pockets develop in the inner lining o the large intestine and may balloon through the intestinal wall |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, most commonly as a result of chronic liver disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass and is commonly associated with acquired immune dificiency syndrome and cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| scarring and dysfunction of the liver cause by chronic liver disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ, especially in the colon, accompanied by pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form of inflammatory bowel disease, usually of the ileum by possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the intesine, especially the colon, that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, ect and results in bloody diarrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability or difficulty in swallowing; aphagia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound; belching |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially anus |
|
|
Term
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
|
Definition
| backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus dure to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus |
|
|
Term
| irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) |
|
Definition
| symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function for which no organic cause can be determined |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| symptom complex of small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passage of dark colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive accumulation of fat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| severe constipation, may be caused by an intestinal obstruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, orcheek caused primarily by irritation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especaily GI tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of blood into the small intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passage of fat in large amounts of the feces dure to failure to digest and absorb it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| insertion of a nasogastric tube through the nose into the stomach to relieve gastric distention by removing as, food, or secretions; instill medication; or obtain a specimen for lab analysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| procedure for crushing a stone and elimination its fragments surgically or using ultrasonic shock waves |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gastrointestinal endoscopy |
|
Definition
| visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using a flexible fiberoptic instrument with a magnifying lens and a light source to identify abnormalities, bleeding, ulcers, tumors |
|
|
Term
| lower gastrointestinal series |
|
Definition
| radiographic images of the rectum and colon following administration of barium into the rectum, BE |
|
|
Term
| magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) |
|
Definition
| MRI used to visualize the biliary and pancreatic ducts and gallbladder in a noninvasive manner |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiologic exam of the salivary glands and ducts |
|
|
Term
| upper gastrointestinal series (UGIS) |
|
Definition
| radiographic images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine following oral administration of barium; barium swallow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| counteract or neutralize acidity, usually in the stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| control loose stools and relieve diarrhea by absorbing excess water in the bowel or slowing peristalsis in the intestinal tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| control nausea and vomiting by blocking nerve impulses to the vomiting center of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease gastrointestinal spasms by slowing peristalsis and motility throughout the gi tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treat constipation by increasing peristaltic activity in the large intestine or increasing water and electrolyte secretion into the bowel to induce defecation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the bronchi caused mainly by smoking and air pollution. Swelling of the mucosa and a heavy, productive cough that is commonly accompanied by chest pain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal fluid in the pleural cavity, the space between the visceral and parietal pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| listening to sounds made by organs of the body using a stethoscope. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of the sense of smell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| temporary loss of breathing (during sleep) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition caused by insufficient intake of oxygen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collapsed or airless state of the lung, which may be acute or chronic and affects all or part of a lung |
|
|
Term
| cheyne-stokes respiration |
|
Definition
| repeated breathing pattern characterized by fluctuation in the depth of respiration: first deeply, then shallow, then not at all |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute inflammation of the membranes of the nose; also called head cold or upper respiratory infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common childhood condition involving inflammation of the larynx, trachea, bronchial passages and sometimes lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| displacement of cartilage dividing the nostrils that causes reduced airflow and sometimes nosebleed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and supraglottic structures that occurs most commonly in children between 2-12 yrs of age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oxygen deficiency in arterial blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| oxygen deficiency in body tissues; usually a sign of respiratory impairment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute, infectious disease characterized by a cough that has a 'whoop' sound; also called whooping cough |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the pleural membrane characterized by a stabbing pain that is intensified by coughing or deep breathings; pleuritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease caused by inhaling dust particles, including coal dust, stone dust, iron dust, and asbestos particles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of extravascular fluid in lung tissues and alveoli, most commonly caused by heart failure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blockage in an artery of the lungs caused by a mass of undissolved matter. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high-pitched, harsh, adventitious breath sound caused y a spasm or swelling of the larynx or an obstruction in the upper airway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whistling or sighing sound heard on auscultation that results from narrowing of the lumen of the respiratory passageway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| noninvasive method of monitoring the percentage of hemoglobin saturated with oxygen; also called pulse oximetry |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| test of sleep cycles and stages using continuous recordings of brain waves, electrical activity of muscles, eye movement, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, heat rhythm and sometimes direct observation of the person during sleep using a video camera. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of part of the pleura, usually the parietal pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excision of a lung or a portion of the lung, commonly for treatment of cancer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of a deviated nasal septum usually performed when the septum is encroaching on the breathing passages or nasal structures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical puncture and drainage of the pleural cavity; pleurocentesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intradermal test to determine tuberculin sensitivity based on a positive reaction where the area around the test site becomes red and swollen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the bronchi using an endoscope inserted through the mouth and trachea for direct viewing of structures or for projection on a monitor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the larynx to detect tumors, foreign bodies, nerve or structural injury, or other abnormalities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the mediastinal structures, including the heart, trachea, esophagus, bronchus, thymus, and lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relieve or suppress coughing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stimulate bronchial muscles to relax, thereby expanding air passages, resulting in increased air flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| act on the immune system by blocking production of substances that trigger allergic and inflammatory actions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decrease mucous membrane swelling to alleviate nasal stuffiness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduce the thickness or viscosity of sputum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute respiratory distress syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chest x-ray; chest radiograph |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infant respiratory distress syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| respiratory distress syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| upper respiratory infection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tubular space or channel within an organ or structure of the body; space within an artery, vein, intestine, or tube |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state of being sticky or gummy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually and artery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mild to severe suffocating pain that typically occurs in the chest and is caused by an inadequate blood flow to the myocardium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| irregularity in the rate or rhythm of the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arrhythmia in which the heart beats abnormally slowly, fewer than 60 beats per minute in resting adult |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arrhythmia in which there is an abnormally rapid, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium that can affect the atria or the ventricles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arrhythmia in which there is interference with the normal transmission of electric impulses from the SA node to the Purkinje fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arrhythmia in which there is a fast but regular rhythm, with the heart possibly beating up to 22beats/minute |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hardening and narrowing of an artery along with the loss of its elasticity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form of arteriosclerosis characterized by the deposit of plaques containing cholesterol and lipids that narrows the lumen in the arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of the carotid arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis; may eventually lead to thrombus formation and stroke |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, associated valvular action or with the movement of blood as it passes an obstruction or both |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease or weakening of hear muscle that diminishes cardiac function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narrowing of a vessel, especially the aorta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| condition in which a mass becomes lodged in a blood vessel, obstructing blood flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive amounts of lipids in the blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevated blood pressure persistently higher than 140/90mmHg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low blood pressure persistently lower than 90/60mmHg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| localized tissue necrosis due to the cessation of blood supply |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| local, temporary deficiency of blood supply to an organ or tissue due to circulartory obstruction |
|
|
Term
| mitral valve prolapse MVP |
|
Definition
| structural defect in which the mitral valve leaflets prolapse into the left atrium during ventricular contraction, resulting in incomplete closure and backflow or blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensation of an irregular heartbeat, commonly described as pounding, racing, skipping a beat, flutter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of a deep or superficial vein of the arms or legs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial or complete loss of consciousness that is usually caused by a decreased supply of blood to the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal condition in which a blood clot develops in a vessel and obstructs it at the site of its formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blood clot that forms in the deep veins of the body, especially those in the legs or thights |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| electrical shock delivered randomly during the cardiac cycle to treat emergency life-threatening arrhythmias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| destruction of a blood clot using anticlotting agents called clot-busters, such as tissue plasminogen activator |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any endovascular procedure that reopens narrowed blood vessels and restores forward blood flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| placement of a mesh tube inserted into a natural passage or conduit in the body to prevent or counteract a disease-induced, localized flow constriction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incision of a valve to increase the size of the opening; used in treating mitral stenosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| passage of a catheter into the heart through a vein or artery to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the heart |
|
|
Term
| electrophysiology study EPS |
|
Definition
| procedure used to determine the cause of life threatening cardiac arrhythmias by mapping the hearts conduction system in a patient with an arrhythmia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ECG taken with a small, portable recording system capable of storing up to 48hrs of ECG tracing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ECG taken under controlled exercise stress condition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiographic image of the inside of a blood vessel after injection of a contrast medium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiography of a vein after injection of a contrast medium to detect incomplete filling of a vein, indication an obstruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevent, alleviate, or correct cardiac arrhythmias by stabilizing the electrical conduction of the heart: Flecainide, digoxin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| block the effect of adrenaline, which slows nerve pulses through the eart, causing a decrease in heart rate: atenolol, metroprolol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| block movement of calcium into myocardial cells and arterial walls, causing heart rate and blood pressure to decrease: amlodipine, diltiazem, nifedipine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| act on kidneys to increase excretion of water and sodium: furosemide, bumetanide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reduce blood pressure by relaxing the smooth muscle in blood vessels, particularly in the large arteries, arterioles, and large veins, which decreases vascular resistance: hydralazine, nitroprusside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deep vein thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| localized accumulation of blood, usually clotted, in an organ, space, or tissue due to a break in or severing of a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| andy disease of the lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| swelling, primarily in a single arm or leg, due to an accumulation of lymph within tissues caused by obstruction or disease in the lymph vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant tumor of plasma cells in the bone marrow (cells that help the body fight infection by producing antibodies) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presence of bacteria or their toxins in the blood; blood poisoning |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosus SLE |
|
Definition
| widespread autoimmune disease that may affect the skin, brain, kidneys, and joints and causes chronic inflammation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| overproduction of platelets, leading to thrombosis or bleeding disorders due to platelet malformations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal decrease in platelets caused by low production of platelets in the bone marrow or increased destruction of platelets in the blood vessels, spleen, or liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of a small sample of bone marrow using a thin aspirating needle for microscopic examination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infusion of healthy bone marrow stem cells after the diseased bone marrow is destroyed by chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy; used to treat leukemia, aplastic anemia, and certain cancers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| removal of lymph nodes, especially in surgical procedures undertaken to remove malignant tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| series of tests that includes hemoglobin; hematocrit; red and white blood cell counts, platelet count; and differential count; hemogram |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevent blood clot formation by inhibiting the synthesis or inactivating one or more clotting factors; heparin, warfarin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prevent replication of viruses within host cells: nelfinavir, lamivudine/zidovudine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dissolve blood clots by destroying their fibrin strands: alteplase, streptokinase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| differential count (white blood cells) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| human immunodeficiency virus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
