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Definition
| proved that harmful bacteria could cause disease and he developed a method of using heat to kill pathogens called pasteurization |
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Definition
| developed a method to isolate and grow just one type of bacterium at a time. He developed a set of rules for figuring out which organism(pathogen) caused a particular disease. |
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| recognized that the higher the cleanliness in surgury, the lesser the infection rate |
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| What kills pathogens on objects? |
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Definition
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| What kills pathogens on skin and prevents them from growing there for some time after? |
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| What type of disease is spread from one organism to another organism? |
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Definition
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| Agents of communicable disease are... |
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Definition
| bacteria, protists, fungi, viruses |
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| The agent of strep throat and tetanus is |
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Definition
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| The agent of athlete's foot and ringworm is |
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Definition
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| The agent of colds and influenza is |
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Definition
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| Communicable diseases are spread through |
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Definition
| water and air, on food, by contact with contaminated objects, and by biological vectors. |
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Term
| What is malaria spread by? |
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Definition
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Term
| Your immune system is made up of |
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Definition
| cells, tissues, organs, and body systems |
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Term
| Circulatory system helps engulf and digest foreign organisms and chemicals by circulating |
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Definition
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| Fevers help fight pathogens by |
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Definition
| slowing their growth and and speeding up reactions. SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE |
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Term
| The four systems involved in the first line of defense are |
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Definition
| integumentary, respiratory, circulatory, digestive |
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Term
| How do the circulatory, respiratory, and integumentary, and digestive systems defend your body from pathogens? |
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Definition
circulatory- circulates white blood cells which engulf and digest foreign organisms and chemicals
respiratory- contains cilia and mucus that trap pathogens
integumentary- keeps pathogens out by protecting your body
digestive- enzymes destroy pathogens in stomach, pancreas, and liver; hydrochloric acid in your stomach kills bacteria from food |
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Term
| Hydrochloric acid produced by your stomach to digest food also |
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Definition
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Term
| How do vaccinations prevent disease? |
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Definition
| The vaccination is a little bit of the disease that won't hurt you that is injected into you so your body forms antibodies against the antigen. When you get the disease you already have the antibodies, so it doesn't affect you. |
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Term
| AIDS can kill humans by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacking your __________, which are white blood cells that produce ______________. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome |
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Term
| ________ diseases are not spread from one person to another. |
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Definition
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Term
| Diabetes is a ________ disease because _______________________________________. |
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Definition
| chronic, it lasts a long time |
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Term
| _________ is a chronic auto-immune disease resulting from a faulty ___________ system. The antibodies attack the proteins in the human joints. |
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Definition
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| _____________ is a chronic auto-immune disease, where the antibodies attack the nerve cells. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sickle cell anemia is an __________ disease. It is passed from parents to children. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is hemoglobin and what is the function? |
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Definition
| It is a protein in the red blood cells that allows oxygen to go in and out. |
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Term
| Why did the normal hemoglobin move farther done the agarose gel than the hemoglobin from sickle cells? |
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Definition
| The normal hemoglobin moved farther down than the sickle hemoglobin because its charge was -2 so the positive side pulled the hemoglobin towards it with more power causing it to be faster. It pulled the sickle cell hemoglobin with less power because its charge was -1. The normal hemoglobin was smaller so it was faster. |
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Term
Which are curable and which are not...
heart disease, multiple sclerosis, pneumonia, measles, AIDS, sickle cell anemia, malaria |
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Definition
curable- pneumonia, measles, malaria
not curable- heart disease, multiple sclerosis, AIDS, sickle cell anemia |
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Term
| How can lack of exercise lead to heart disease? |
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Definition
| You lose metabolism resulting in increased body fat which is a primary risk factor for heart disease and diabetes |
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Term
| Smog, cigarette smoke, pesticides, and herbicides are ___________ ____________ that can weaken the immune system. |
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Definition
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Term
| Blindness is a disease that is caused by deficiency of ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the lymphatic system? |
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Definition
| drains fluids from around tissue cells, filters these fluids, fights infection |
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Term
| Define lymph, lymph nodes, and lymphocyte. |
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Definition
lymph- fluid in body tissues made up of water, dissolved substances, and lymphocytes
lymph nodes- bean-shaped structures throughout the body that filter microorganisms and foreign material from lymph before it returns to blood; large and tender when infected
lymphocytes- a type of white blood cell that fights disease-causing antigens by engulfing and digesting them |
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