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| given n and p, there is a unique q and r; n=pq+r such that 0 is less than or equal to r < p |
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| p is greater than or equal to 2 and the only positive divisors of p are 1 and p |
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| The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic |
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| every positive integer can be written uniquely (up to order) as a product of primes |
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| largest integer that divides both a and b |
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| gcd (a,b)=1 (two numbers that have no common divisors other than 1) |
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| the set of all subsets of S; if A has n elements, the power set will have 2^n elements. |
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| the number of elements in a set; |A| |
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| the complement of set A is everything that is not in A |
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| A\B= everything that is in A but not in B |
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| finite, nonempty set whose members are symbols |
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| the symbols that are members of an alphabet |
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| any finite string of letters from an alphabet |
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| Mathematical statement in which every input has exactly one output |
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| function in which every input goes to a different output |
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| every possible output is used |
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| Bijection/One-to-one Correspondence |
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| a function that is onto and one-to-one |
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1. Not (p OR q) iff not p AND not q
2. Not (p AND q) iff not p OR q |
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| given p-->q, the converse is q-->p |
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| given p-->q, contrapositive is not q--> not p |
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