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Diphenhydramine
drug capsule
12
Pharmacology
Professional
05/25/2010

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Cards

Term
Diphenhydramine - Trade Name
Definition
Benadryl
Term
Diphenhydramine - class
Definition
Antihistamine
Term
Diphenhydramine - description
Definition
  • blocks H1 histamine receptor sites
  • indicated when excess histamine present (ex. acute urticaria)
  • adjunctive thereapy (ex. use w/ epi) in treatment of anaphylactic shock
  • treatment of certain extrapyrimidal (dystonic) reaction and for relief of upper respiratory and inus symptoms associated with allergic reactions
Term
Diphenhydramine - Onset and Duration
Definition

Onset: max effects 1-3 hours

Duration: 6-12 hours

Term
Diphenhydramine - indications
Definition
  • moderate to severe allergic reactions (after epi)
  • anaphylaxis
  • acute extrapyrimidal (dystonic) reactions
Term
Diphenhydramine - Contraindications
Definition
  • pt's taking MAOI's
  • hypersensitivity
  • narrow-angle glaucoma (relative)
  • newborns and nursing mothers
Term
Diphenhydramine - Adverse reactions
Definition
  • dose related drowsiness
  • disturbed coordination
  • thickening of bronchial secretions
  • dry mouth and throat
  • palpitations
  • tachycardia
  • bradycardia
  • hypotension
  • paradoxical excitation in children
Term
Diphenhydramine - drug interactions
Definition
  • CNS depressants - may increase depressant effects
  • MAOI's - may prolong and intensify anticholinergic effects
Term
Diphenhydramine - Supply
Definition
parenteral 10 and 50 mg/ml vials, prefilled syringe
Term

Diphenhydramine - Dosage and Administration

Adult

Definition
10-50mg IM / slow IV every 6-8 hours (max. 400 mg/day)
Term

Diphenhydramine - Dosage and Administration

Pediatric

Definition

*over 10kg

1.25mg/kg/dose q 6hr (max 300mg/day)

Term
Diphenhydramine - Special Considerations
Definition
  • pregnancy category: C
  • use cautiously in pt's w/ CNS depression or lower respiratory disease (ex. asthma)
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