Term
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Definition
1. Food storage
2. Digestion of proteins
3. Regulates entry of food into small intestine |
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Term
|
Definition
1. Mechanical processing
Chewing and mixing
2. Secretion
Fluid, bile, acid, alkali, mucus
Digestive enzymes and hormones
3. Digestion
Chemical and mechanical breakdown
4. Absorption
Through mucosa
Into blood or lymph vessels
5. Elimination |
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Term
|
Definition
Produces bile, which emulsifies lipids
Hepatic portal system
Drains blood from the digestive tract to the liver
Metabolic functions
Storage, synthesis, and chemical processing |
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Term
| Small Intestine digests....absorbs...secretes.... |
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Definition
• Digests proteins, fats, and carbs
• Absorbs water and nutrients
• Secretes digestive hormones
and enzymes |
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Term
| Pancreas Secretions and Functions |
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Definition
• Secretes digestive enzymes
into small intestine
• Secretes bicarbonate into
small intestine to neutralize
stomach acid |
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Term
| 4 Parts of the Walls of the GI Tract |
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Definition
Mucosa: innermost layer, mucous membrane in contact with the lumen
Submucosa: layer of connective tissue containing blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves
Muscularis: 2-3 layers of smooth muscle, responsible for movement, motility
Serosa: outermost layer |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| common passageway for air and food |
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Term
|
Definition
| closes airway temporarily so food will not enter the trachea |
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Term
|
Definition
| watery mixture of partially digested food and gastric juice delivered to the small intestine |
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Term
| Small Intestine Functions of Digestion |
|
Definition
Neutralizes acid from stomach
Adds digestive enzymes and bile
Breaks down proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids to absorbable materials |
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Term
| Small Intestine Functions of Absorption |
|
Definition
| 90% of food absorbed in small intestine |
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Term
|
Definition
| Most digestion occurs here |
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Term
|
Definition
Mucosa adaptations increase surface area to facilitate absorption
Large folds
Villi: microscopic projections containing blood and lacteal capillaries
Microvilli: cytoplasmic projections of epithelial cells of the villi |
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Term
|
Definition
| Absorb nutrients and eliminate waste |
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Term
|
Definition
| concentrates and stores bile |
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Term
| Large Intestine Structure |
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Definition
| Cecum, appendix, colon (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid), rectum, anus. |
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Term
| Proteins break down into _________ and are absorbed by _________. |
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Definition
| Amino Acids, active transport. |
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Term
| Carbohydrates break down into ___________ and are absorbed by________. |
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Definition
| Momosaccharides, active transport. |
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Term
| Lipids break down into _________ and are absorbed and reassembled into _____________. |
|
Definition
| monoglycerides, triglycerides. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates release of gastric juice |
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Term
|
Definition
| Stimulates pancreas to secrete water and bicarbonate |
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Term
|
Definition
Signals Pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes
and signals gall bladder to release bile |
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|
Term
HDL is ______ cholesterol.
LDL is ______ cholesterol. |
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Definition
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