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| The opening at the end of the digestive system from which feces (waste) exits the body. |
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| A small sac located on the cecum. |
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| The part of the large intestine that run upwards; it is located after the cecum. |
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| A digestive chemical that is produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladder, and secreted into the small intestine. |
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| The first part of the large intestine; the appendix is connected to the cecum. |
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| Food in the stomach that is partly digested and mixed with stomach acids. Chyme goes on to the small intestine for further digestion. |
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| The part of the large intestine that run downwards after the transverse colon and before the sigmoid colon. |
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| The first part of the small intestine; it is C-shaped and runs from the stomach to the jejunum. |
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| The flap at the back of the tongue that keeps chewed food from going down the windpipe to the lungs. When you swallow, the epiglottis automatically closes. When you breathe, the epiglottis opens so that air can go in and out of the windpipe. |
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| The long tube between the mouth and the stomach. It uses rhythmic muscle movements (called peristalsis) to force food from the throat into the stomach. |
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| A small, sac-like organ located by the duodenum. It stores and releases bile (a digestive chemical which is produced in the liver) into the small intestine. |
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Definition
| The last part of the small intestine before the large intestine begins. |
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| The long, coiled mid-section of the small intestine; it is between the duodenum and the ileum. |
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Definition
| A large organ located above and in front of the stomach. It filters toxins from the blood, and makes bile (which breaks down fats) and some blood proteins. |
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Definition
| The first part of the digestive system, where food enters the body. Chewing and salivary enzymes in the mouth are the beginning of the digestive process (breaking down the food). |
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| An enzyme-producing gland located below the stomach and above the intestines. Enzymes from the pancreas help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the small intestine. |
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Definition
| Rhythmic muscle movements that force food in the esophagus from the throat into the stomach. Peristalsis is involuntary - you cannot control it. It is also what allows you to eat and drink while upside-down. |
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Definition
| The lower part of the large intestine, where feces are stored before they are excreted. |
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| Glands located in the mouth that produce saliva. Saliva contains enzymes that break down carbohydrates (starch) into smaller molecules. |
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Definition
| The part of the large intestine between the descending colon and the rectum. |
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Definition
| A sack-like, muscular organ that is attached to the esophagus. Both chemical and mechanical digestion takes place in the stomach. When food enters the stomach, it is churned in a bath of acids and enzymes. |
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Definition
| The part of the large intestine that runs horizontally across the abdomen. |
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Definition
| A chemical agent that changes the rate of a reaction without being consumed by the reaction. |
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| Activation Energy (Free Energy of Activation) |
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Definition
| The initial investment of energy for starting a reaction. It is the energy required to break bonds in the reactant molecules. |
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Definition
| When the gastric secretions eat through stomach. |
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Definition
| When the gastric secretions eat through the intestinal wall. |
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Definition
| An enzyme that breaks down proteins. It prefers an acidic environment and is found in the stomach. |
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Definition
| An enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. It is found in the oral cavity (mouth), the esophagus and pharynx. It prefers an alkaline environment. |
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Definition
| A complex sugar giving off quick doses of energy which is used as an energy source. |
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Definition
| Organic molecules that help your body |
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Definition
| A catalytic protein that helps speeds up a specific biological process in your body. |
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Definition
| Essential chemicals needed by plants and animals for growth. |
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Definition
| A Complex Carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants. |
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Definition
| A Complex Carbohydrate that constitutes the chief part of the cellular walls of higher plants. |
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Definition
| A condition where there is excess body weight due to an abnormal accumulation of fat. If your BMI is over 30, then you are considered to be obese. |
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Definition
| A unit of energy in food available through digestion. |
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Definition
| The organic molecules that are the building blocks of proteins |
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| The condition of not having enough food to develop or function normally. |
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| A characteristic of a material that can dissolve in water. |
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| The characteristic of a material that is able to dissolve in lipids (fat). |
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| A carbohydrate that releases its sugar in to the body relatively slowly and also provides fiber. |
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Definition
| The sum of chemical processes in living cells by which energy is provided and new material is assimilated. |
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| Rate of metabolism; the amount of energy expended in a give period. |
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Definition
| A catalytic protein that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaction. |
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Definition
| Any of a group of fats or fat-like compounds insoluble in water and soluble in fat solvents. |
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Definition
| The breaking of food into digestible chunks, normally using the teeth. |
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Definition
| Enzymes breaking down macromolecules to digest food. |
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Term
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Definition
| To have a pH above seven, basic. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition where the feces are very loose and watery. (not to be confused with constipation) |
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Definition
| A condition where the feces are very large, almost dry and hard. (not to be confused with diarrhea) |
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Definition
| A condition where the cardiac sphincter fails to close properly allowing stomach acid to enter and burn the esophagus. |
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Definition
| Separates the stomach from the small intestine, and regulates the flow of acid chme into the small intestine. |
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Definition
| Enzymes that are specific for peptide bonds adjacent to certain amino acids. |
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Definition
| Enzymes that attach to the intestinal lining that split small peptides. |
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Definition
| Splits off one amino acid at a time. |
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Definition
| Small finger-like projections that aid and absorb nutrients from digestive system into circulatory system. They are located in the small intestine. |
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Definition
| Starch indicator; binds to the starch to help you identify whether or not the starch has broken down. |
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