Term
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Definition
lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat
loss of appetite |
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Term
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Definition
| a complex psychogenic eating disorder characterized by an all-consuming desire to remain thin |
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of the appendix, usually due to obstruction or infection
if untreated leads to perforation and peritonitis: releasing fecal matter into the peritoneal cavity
treatment is appendectomy |
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Term
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Definition
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
associated with cirrhosis of liver, especially when caused by abdomen |
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Term
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Definition
| rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine |
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Term
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Definition
physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass, commonly associated with AIDS and cancer
state of ill health, malnutrition, and wasting |
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Term
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Definition
presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct
may or may not produce symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease
commonly caused by chronic alcoholism
also caused by toxins, infectious agents, metabolic disease, and circulatory disorders
disorder causes functional hepatic cells to be replaced by nonfunctioning fibrous tissue that impairs the flow of blood and lymph within the liver, resulting in hepatic insufficiency
degenerative liver disease |
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Term
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Definition
chronic inflammation usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional enteritis
a chronic disease distinguished from related bowel disorders by its inflammatory pattern
may cause fever, cramping, diarrhea, and weight loss |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa or parasites, which results in bloody diarrhea
common in underdeveloped countries and in times of disaster when sanitary living conditions, clean food, and safe water are not available |
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Term
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Definition
epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion
poor digestion |
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Term
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Definition
| inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphasia |
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Term
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Definition
| producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound; also called belching |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially the anus |
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Term
| gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) |
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Definition
backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus
may occur when pressure in the stomach is greater than the esophagus, may be associated with heartburnm esophagitis, hiatal hernia, chest pain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus
can be caused by esophageal ulcer, esophageal varicose, gastric ulcer |
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Term
| irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) |
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Definition
symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function (typically constipation, diarrhea, or alternating between) for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon
anxiety and stress aggravate IBS |
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Term
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Definition
| symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph |
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Term
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Definition
| passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices |
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Term
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Definition
excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body's skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20% or more above ideal body weight
may be due to excessive intake of food or metabolic or endocrine abnormalities |
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Term
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Definition
| body mass index of 40 or greater, which is generally 100 or more pounds over ideal body weight |
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Term
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Definition
severe constipation; may be caused by an intestinal obstruction
intractable constipation |
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Term
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Definition
formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation
precancerous condition |
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Term
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Definition
| progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially the GI tract |
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Term
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Definition
| stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| passage of fat in large amounts in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb it |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of gums (tissue) |
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Term
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Definition
| partial or complete excision of the tongue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| removal of part or all of the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| forming an opening between the stomach and jejunum |
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Term
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Definition
| excision of (part of) the esophagus |
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Term
gastroenterocolostomy
6.4 7 |
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Definition
| forming an opening between the stomach, small intestine, and colon |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical repair of the small intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| fixation of the small intestine (to the abdominal wall) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| forming an opening into the colon |
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Term
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Definition
| fixation of a movable liver (to the abdominal wall) |
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Term
proctoplasty, rectoplasty
6.4 13 |
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Definition
| surgical repair of the anus or rectum |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of the gallbladder |
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Term
choledochoplasty
6.4 15
6.6 5 |
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Definition
| surgical repair of a bile duct |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| percutaneous transhepatic radiographic examination of bile ducts |
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Term
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Definition
| breakdown product of hemoglobin, excreted from the body as bile |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that produce vomiting |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that alleviate muscle spasms |
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Term
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Definition
| administration of barium enema while a series of radiographs are taken of the large intestine |
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Term
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Definition
| visual examination of the stomach |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical reconstruction of the mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| insertion of a tube into any hollow organ |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical formation of a passage or opening between two hollow viscera or vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| detects presence of blood in the feces, also called Hemoccult |
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Term
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Definition
| visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument |
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Term
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Definition
| used to treat constipation |
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Term
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Definition
| neutralized excess acid in the stomach and help to relieve gastritis and ulcer pain |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure in which high frequency sound waves produce images of internal body structures that are displayed on a monitor |
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Term
liver function tests
6.6 16 |
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Definition
| measures the levels of certain enzymes, bilirubin, and various proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| surgery that treats morbid obesity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
proctosigmoidoscopy
6.6 19 |
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Definition
| endoscopic procedure for visualization of the rectosigmoid colon |
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Term
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Definition
| barium solution swallowed for radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum |
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