Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Digestive System 102
na
113
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
09/29/2012

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

or/o

-al

Definition

mouth

oral

pertaining to the mouth

Term
stomat/o
Definition

mouth

 

stomatitis

Term
gloss/o
Definition

tongue

 

glossectomy  removal of all or part of tongue

Term
ling/o
Definition

tongue

 

lingual pertaining to the tongue

Term
bucc/o
Definition

cheek

 

buccal-pertaining to the cheek

Term
cheil/o
Definition

lip

 

cheiloplasty-surgical repair of a lip

Term
labi/o
Definition

lip 

 

labial - pertaining to the lip

Term
dent/o
Definition

teeth

 

dentist- specialist of the teeth

Term
odont/o
Definition

teeth

 

orth-odont-ist   -  dentist specializes incorrecting repairing irregularities

Term
gingiv/o
Definition

gum

 

gingivectomy

excision of diseased gingival tissue

Gingivectomy is performed as surgical treatment  for peridontal disease. 

Term
sial/o
Definition

saliva

 

sialolith- calculus formed in salivary gland duct

Term
esophag/o
Definition

esophagus

 

esophagoscope

instrument used to examine esophagus

Term
pharyng/o
Definition

pharynx

Throat

 

pharyngotonsiliitis

inflammation of the pharynx

Term
gastr/o
Definition

stomach

 

gastralgia

pain in stomach

Term
pylor/o
Definition

pylorus

pylorospasm

involuntary contraction of the pyloric sphincter of stomach

Term
duoden/o
Definition

duodenum

1st part of small intestine

duodenoscopy

visual examination of the duodenum

Term
enter/o
Definition

intestine

 

enteropathy

disease of the intestine

Term
jejun/o
Definition

jejunum

second part of the small intestine

jejunorrhaphy

suture of the jejunum

Term
ile/o
Definition

ileum

third part of small intestine

ileostomy

creation of an opening between the ileum and the abdominal wall

An ileostomy creates an opening on the surface of the abdomen to allow feces to be discharged into a bag worn on the abdomen. 

Term
Append/o
Definition
Appendix
Term
Appendectomy 
Definition
Excision , removal of the appendix
Term
Appendic/o
Definition

Appendix

 

Term
Appendicitis
Definition
Inflammation of the appendix
Term
Col/o
Definition
Colon
Term
Colostomy
Definition

Creation of an opening between the colon and the abdomen wall

A colonoscopy creates a place for fecal matter to exit the body other than the anus

Term
Colon/o
Definition

Colon

Colonoscopy

Visual examination of the colon

 

Colonoscopyis performed with anelongated endoscope called a colonscope

Term
Sigmoid/o
Definition
Sigmoid colon
Term
Sigmoidotomy
Definition
Incision of the sigmoid colon
Term
Rect/o
Definition

Rectum

Rectocele

Herniation or protrusion of the rectum;also called protocele

Term
Procto/o
Definition
Anus rectum
Term
Proctologist
Definition
Physician whospecializes intreating disorders of the colon rectum, and anus
Term
An/o
Definition
Anus
Term
Perianal
Definition
Pertaining to the areaaround the anus
Term
Hepat/o
Definition
Liver
Term
Hepatomegaly
Definition
Enlargement of the liver
Term
cachexia
Definition
physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass; commonly associated  with AIDs and cancer
Term
Pancreat/o
Definition
Pancreas
Term
Pancreatolysis
Definition
Destruction of the pancreas by pancreatic enzymes
Term
ChoLangI/o
Definition
Bile vessel
Term
Cholangiole
Definition
Small terminal portion of the bile duct
Term
Chol/e
Definition

Bile,gall

Cholelith

Gallstone

Gallstones are solid masses composed of bile and cholesterol that form inthem gallbladder and common bile duct

Term
Cholecyst/o
Definition
Gallbladder
Term
Cholecystectomy
Definition

Removal of the gallbladder

Cholecystectomy is performed by laparoscopic or open surgery.

Term
Choledoch/o/plasty
Definition
Surgical repair of the common bile duct
Term
-emesis
Definition

Vomit

 

Hyperemesis

Excessive vomiting

Term
-iasis
Definition
Abnormal condition
Term
Cholelithiasis
Definition

Presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct 

 

 

Term
Choledocholithiasis
Definition
When gallstones form in the common bile duct
Term
dysentry
Definition
inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon that may by caused by ingesting conaminated food or water which results in bloody diarrhea
Term
ascites
Definition
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen
Term
borborygmus
Definition
rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by gas passing through the intestines
Term

-megaly

 

hepatomegaly

Definition

enlargement

 

enlargement of the liver 

 

Hepatomegaly may be caused by hepatitis or infection, fatty infiltration, as in alcoholism, biliary obstruction, or malignency.

Term
ascites
Definition

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

 

Most commonly associated with cirrhosis of the liver, especially when caused by alcoholism.  Failure of the liver to produce albumin, combined with portal htn forces fluid to pass from the circulatory system and accumulate in the peritoneum.

Term
-orexia
Definition
appetite
Term
-pepsia
Definition

digestion

 

dyspepsia  epigastric discomfort felt after eating (indigestion)

Term
-phagia
Definition

swallowing, eating

 

aerophagia

swallowing air

Term
-prandial
Definition

meal

postprandial

following a meal

Term
-rrhea
Definition

discharge, flow

 

 

Term
steatorrhea
Definition
excessive amount of fat discharged in a fecal matter
Term

dia-

diarrhea

Definition

through, across

abnormally frequent discharge or flow of fluid fecal matter from the bowel

Term
peri-
Definition
around
Term
perisigmoiditis
Definition
inflammation of peritoneal tissue around the sigmoid colon
Term
sublingual
Definition
pertaining to the area under the tongue
Term
cachexia
Definition
Physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass;commonly associated with AIDS and cancer.
Term
cholelithiasis
Definition

Presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct

 

Cholelithiasis may or may not produce symptoms. 

Term
cirrhosis
Definition

Scarring and dysfunction fo the liver cause by chronic liver disease. 

 

Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by chronic alcoholism.  It may also by caused by toxins, infectious agents, metabolic disease, and circulatory diseases.  In this d/o, functional hepatic cells are replaced by nonfunctioning fibrous tissue that impairs the flow of blood and lymph within the liver, resulting in hepatic insuffiency. 

Term
Crohn disease
Definition

Chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affectin any portion of the intestinal tract ; also called regional enteritis


Crohn disease is a chronic disease distinguished from closely related bowel d/o by its inflammatory pattern.  It may cause fever cramping diarrhea, and weight loss.

Term
deglutition
Definition
Act of swallowing
Term
dyspepsia
Definition

Epigastric discomfort felt after eating;  indegestion

 

dys-bad

-pepsia  -indigestion

Term
dysphagia
Definition
Inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia
Term
eructation
Definition
producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound  ; also called belching
Term
fecalith
Definition
Fecal concretion
Term
flatus
Definition
Gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orfice. 
Term
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Definition

Backflow of gastric contents in to the esophagus due to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior protion of the esophagus.

 

GERD may occur whenever pressure in the stomach is greater than that in the espohagus and may be associated with heartburn, esphagitis, hiatal hernia, or chest pain. 

Term
Halitosis
Definition
Bad breath
Term
Hematemeis
Definition

Vomiting blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus

 

Term
Malabsorption syndrome
Definition

Symptom complex of the small intestinecharacterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph.   

 

Malabsorption syndrome may be associated with or due to a number ofdiseases,including those affecting the intestinal mucosa.   It may be also due to surgery such as gastric reaction and illilieal bypass or antibiotictherapy.  

Term
Melena
Definition
Passage of  dark -colored tarry stools due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices.  
Term
obesity
Definition

excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body's skeletal and physical standards, usually 20% above ideal weight

 

Obesity may be due to excessive intake of food (exogenous) o metabolic or endocrine abnormalities (endogenous)

Term
morbid obesity
Definition
BMI of 40+ which is gerally 100+ lbs over ideal body weight
Term
obistipation
Definition
severe  constipation; may be caused by an intestinal obstruction
Term
oral leukoplakia
Definition

formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation

 

Oral leukoplakia is a precancerous condition usually associated with pipe or cigarette smoking or ill-fitting dentures.

Term
pyloric stenosis
Definition

Stricture or narrowing of the ploric sphincter (circular muscle of the pylorus) at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine. 

The muscle fibers of the outlet are cut, without severing the mucosa, to widen the opening.  After surgery in adults , a stomach tube remains in place and observation is maintained for signs of hemorrhage or blockage of the tube. 

Term
regurgitation
Definition
Backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach. 
Term
steatorrhea
Definition
Passage of fat in large amounts in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb it.  Steatorrhea may occur in pancratic disease when pancreatic enzymes are not sufficient. It also occurs in malabsorption syndrome. 
Term
Ba
Definition
Barium
Term
BE
Definition
Barium Enema
Term
BM
Definition
Bowel Movement
Term
CT
Definition
Computed Tomography
Term
GB
Definition
Gallbladder
Term
GI
Definition
Gastrointestinal
Term
Nasogastric
Definition
NG
Term
PE
Definition
physical Examination, Pulmonary Embolism
Term
a.c.
Definition
before meals
Term
b.i.d.
Definition
twice a day
Term
hs
Definition
half strength
Term
h.s.
Definition
at bedtime
Term

NPO

 

n.p.o.

Definition
nothing by mouth
Term

PC

p.c.

Definition
after meals
Term
p.o.
Definition
by mouth
Term
p.r.n.
Definition
as required
Term
qAM
Definition
every morning
Term
q.d.
Definition
everyday
Term
q.h.
Definition
every hour
Term
q.2h.
Definition
every 2 hours
Term
q.i.d.
Definition
four times a day
Term
q.o.d.
Definition
every other day
Term
qPM
Definition
every evening
Term
t.i.d
Definition
three times a day
Term
Esophagoscopy
Definition
Endoscopy of the esophagus
Term
Gastroscopy
Definition
Endoscopy of the stomach
Supporting users have an ad free experience!