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| a type of protein that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions in the body but is not used up or changed itself in any way during the reaction |
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| finger-like projections in the wall of the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption of nutrient molecules |
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| waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system |
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| chemical and mechanical process that breaks food down into small molecules so that they can be absorbed by the body |
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| digestive system process where food is broken down through chewing, mixing, and churning." |
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| thin, watery product of digestion that moves slowly out of the stomach and into the small intestine |
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| digestive system process that occurs when chemicals break down large food molecules into smaller ones that can be absorbed by the body |
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| hollow, sac-like organ connected to the esophagus and the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) |
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| also called colon; The first half of the colon absorbs fluids and recycles them into the blood stream. The second half compacts the wastes into feces |
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| produces digestive enzymes |
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| 1st part of the small intestine; it is a receiving area for chemicals and partially digested food from the stomach |
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| cleans the blood and processes nutritional molecules, which are sent to the tissues |
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| a muscular tube which carries food and liquids from the throat to the stomach for digestion after it has been chewed and chemically softened in the mouth |
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| small, pear-shaped sac which is situated just below the liver and is attached to it by tissues. It stores bile and then releases it when food passes from the stomach to the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) to help in the process of digestion |
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| a long tube that connects the stomach to the large intestines |
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| substances in food: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water, that the body uses for cell development, repair, and growth and that provide energy |
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| Six kinds of nutrients are available in food-proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water |
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| nutrient that provides energy and helps the body absorb vitamins; can be saturated (meats and cheeses)or unsaturated (liquid vegetable oil and fat found in poultry, fish, and nuts) |
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| one of five groups of foods that contain the same nutrients breads and cereals, vegetables, fruit, milk, and meat |
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| the body's main energy source: sugars, starch, and fiber, formed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; found in fruit, pasta, and whole-grain cereals and breads |
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| nutrient made up of amino acids that is used for replacement and repair of body cells and has large molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; found in meats, fish, and beans |
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| protective substance in the stomach that prevents acid from eating away at the stomach |
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| acid in the stomach that helps break down food |
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