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Digestive and Urinary Systems
Medial Terminolgy
131
Medical
Not Applicable
04/07/2026
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Term
Dys-
 Definition
Painful,abnormal,difficult,labored Example:Dyspepsia - Difficult or painful digestion,often referred to as indigestion,characterized by symptoms like bloating,nausea or heartburn
Term
Endo-
 Definition
Within in , Example: Endogastric - A term referring to something occurring within the stomach,such as an endogastric procedure that involves accessing the interior of the stomach for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
Term
hemi
 Definition
Half Example : Hemigastrectomy - Surgical removal of half of the stomach,typically performed to treat severe ulcers or stomach cancer
Term
hyper
 Definition
excessive or above normal
Term
hypo
 Definition
below normal or deficient
Term
mal
 Definition
bad or poor
Term
para
 Definition
beside
Term
peri
 Definition
around or surrounding
Term
sub
 Definition
under,below
Term
trans
 Definition
across or through
Term
ac
 Definition
pertaining to(abdomen)
Term
al
 Definition
pertaining to (colon,rectum)
Term
cele
 Definition
hernia
Term
centesis
 Definition
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid
Term
eal
 Definition
pertaining to (esophageal)
Term
ectomy
 Definition
excision
Term
gram
 Definition
the record,radiograpic image
Term
graphy
 Definition
process or recording
Term
ia
 Definition
condition of diseased state , abnormal state
Term
iasis
 Definition
condition (cholelithiasis)
Term
ic
 Definition
pertaining to (hepatic)
Term
itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
logist
 Definition
specialist who studies and treats
Term
logy
 Definition
study of
Term
malacia
 Definition
softening
Term
megaly
 Definition
enlargement
Term
oma
 Definition
tumor
Term
osis
 Definition
abnormal condition
Term
pathy
 Definition
disease
Term
phagia
 Definition
eating or swallowing
Term
plasty
 Definition
surgical repair
Term
ptosis
 Definition
prolapse , drooping
Term
rrhaphy
 Definition
suturing
Term
rrhea
 Definition
flow,discharge
Term
scope
 Definition
instrument used for visualization
Term
scopy
 Definition
process of viewing ,visualization
Term
stomy
 Definition
creating of an artificial opening
Term
tomy
 Definition
incision,cut into
Term
abdomin/o
 Definition
abdomen,abdominal
Term
an/o
 Definition
anus
Term
antr/o
 Definition
antrum
Term
append/o
 Definition
appendix
Term
cec/o
 Definition
cecum
Term
celi/o
 Definition
abdomen,abdominal cavity
Term
cheil/o
 Definition
lip
Term
chol/e
 Definition
gall,bile
Term
choledoch/o
 Definition
common bile
Term
col/o,colon/o
 Definition
colon
Term
enter/o
 Definition
intestine
Term
esophag/o
 Definition
esophagus
Term
gastr/o
 Definition
stomach
Term
gingiv/o
 Definition
gum
Term
gloss/o
 Definition
tongue
Term
hepat/o
 Definition
liver
Term
herni/o
 Definition
hernia,protrusion of an organ through a membrane or cavity wall
Term
lapar/o
 Definition
abdomen,abdominal cavity
Term
lingu/o
 Definition
tongue
Term
or/o
 Definition
mouth
Term
palat/o
 Definition
palate
Term
pancreat/o
 Definition
pancreas
Term
peritone/o
 Definition
peritoneum
Term
polyp/o
 Definition
polyp, small growth
Term
proct/o
 Definition
rectum
Term
pylor/o
 Definition
pylorus,pyloric sphincter
Term
rect/o
 Definition
rectum
Term
sial/o
 Definition
saliva , salivary gland
Term
steat/o
 Definition
fat
Term
stomat/o
 Definition
mouth
Term
uvul/o
 Definition
uvula
Term
xer/o
 Definition
Dryness
Term
BMI
 Definition
body mass index
Term
EGD
 Definition
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Term
FTT
 Definition
failure to thrive
Term
GERD
 Definition
gastroesophageal reflux disease
Term
GI
 Definition
gastrointestinal
Term
IH
 Definition
inguinal hernia
Term
IBD
 Definition
irritable bowel syndrome
Term
NG tube
 Definition
nasogastric tube
Term
NAFLD
 Definition
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Term
PUD
 Definition
Peptic ulcer disease
Term
PN
 Definition
parental nutrition
Term
UC
 Definition
ulcerative colitis
Term
Brunners glands
 Definition
Glands ins the duodenum that secrete alkaline mucus to protect the intestinal lining
Term
crohns disease
 Definition
a chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract
Term
Gilbert’s syndrome
 Definition
a hereditary liver disorder resulting in mildly elevated bilirubin levels
Term
whipple procedure
 Definition
a complex surgical procedure that involves removing the head of the pancreas ,part of the small intestine,the gallbladder and the bile duct
Term
an-/a
 Definition
without ,lack of
Term
dia
 Definition
through,complete
Term
dys
 Definition
difficult ,painful or abnormal
Term
hyper
 Definition
excessive , above normal
Term
hypo
 Definition
below normal , deficient
Term
al
 Definition
pertaining to (renal)
Term
ary
 Definition
pertaining to (urinary)
Term
cele
 Definition
hernia , protrusion
Term
emia
 Definition
in the blood
Term
lith
 Definition
stone
Term
lysis
 Definition
loosening , dissolution, separating
Term
megaly
 Definition
enlarged, enlargement
Term
oma
 Definition
tumor swelling
Term
pexy
 Definition
surgical fixation
Term
tripsy
 Definition
surgical crushing
Term
uria
 Definition
urine,urination
Term
albumin/o
 Definition
albumin
Term
azot/o
 Definition
urea, nitrogen
Term
blast/o
 Definition
developing cell,germ cell
Term
cyst/o
 Definition
bladder,sac
Term
glomerul/o
 Definition
glomerulus
Term
glyc/o,glycos/o
 Definition
sugar
Term
hydr/o
 Definition
water
Term
nephr/o
 Definition
kidney
Term
noct/o
 Definition
night
Term
py/o
 Definition
pus
Term
pyel/o
 Definition
renal pelvis
Term
ren/o
 Definition
kidney
Term
ur/o
 Definition
urine,urinary tract
Term
ureter/o
 Definition
ureter
Term
urethr/o
 Definition
urethra
Term
Vesic/o
 Definition
bladder,sac
Term
BPH
 Definition
benign prostatic hyperplasia
Term
cath
 Definition
catheterization
Term
CKD
 Definition
chronic kidney disease
Term
cysto
 Definition
cystoscopy
Term
DRE
 Definition
Digital rectal examination
Term
ESRD
 Definition
end stage renal disease
Term
ESWL
 Definition
extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
Term
PKD
 Definition
polycystic kidney disease
Term
TURP
 Definition
transurethral resection of the prostate
Term
UTI
 Definition
urinary tract infection
Term
bartter syndrome
 Definition
an infection affecting any part of of the urinary system , including the bladder,urethra or kidneys
Term
bowman’s capsule
 Definition
a rare genetic condition affecting the kidneys ability to reabsorb sodium
Term
henles loop
 Definition
a cup shaped structure in the nephron of the kidney that surrounds the glomerulus and collects the filtrate from the blood plasma
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