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Digestive and Urinary Systems
medical
130
Medical
Undergraduate 1
05/29/2025
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Term
Gastro
 Definition
refers to the stomach
Term
Entero
 Definition
intestines
Term
Hepat
 Definition
liver
Term
Colo, Col
 Definition
colon
Term
Reno, Ren
 Definition
Kidneys
Term
Pyloro, Pyl
 Definition
Pylorus (the opening between the stomach and small intestine
Term
Nephro
 Definition
Kidneys
Term
Uretero
 Definition
Ureters (the tube that carries the urine from the kidneys to the bladder)
Term
Cysto
 Definition
Bladder
Term
Pyelo
 Definition
the renal pelvis (the funnel shaped cavity in the kidney)
Term
Dia
 Definition
Through, complete
Term
Dys
 Definition
painful, abnormal, difficult
Term
poly
 Definition
many, much
Term
Olig
 Definition
Few, Scanty
Term
Urethr
 Definition
urethra (the tube that carries the urine from the bladder to the outside)
Term
-ac
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-al
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-cele
 Definition
Hernia, protrusion
Term
-centesis
 Definition
surgical puncture to aspire fluid
Term
-ectomy
 Definition
excision
Term
-gram
 Definition
the record, radiographic image
Term
-graph
 Definition
instrument used to record
Term
-graphy
 Definition
process of recording
Term
-ia
 Definition
condition of, diseased state, abnormal state
Term
-iasis
 Definition
condition
Term
-ic
 Definition
pertaining to
Term
-itis
 Definition
inflammation
Term
-lith
 Definition
stone
Term
-logist
 Definition
specialist who studies and treats
Term
-ology
 Definition
study of
Term
-malacia
 Definition
softening
Term
-megaly
 Definition
enlargement
Term
-oma
 Definition
tumor
Term
-osis
 Definition
abnormal condition
Term
-pathy
 Definition
disease
Term
-pepsia
 Definition
digestion
Term
-phagia
 Definition
eating or swallowing
Term
-plasty
 Definition
surgical repair
Term
-ptosis
 Definition
prolapse, drooping
Term
-rrhaphy
 Definition
suturing, repairing
Term
-rrhea
 Definition
flow discharge
Term
-scope
 Definition
instrument used for visualization
Term
-scopy
 Definition
process of viewing, visualization
Term
-stomy
 Definition
creation of artificial opening
Term
-tomy
 Definition
incision, cut into
Term
aliment/o
 Definition
food, alimentary canal
Term
append/o, appendic/o
 Definition
appendix
Term
Bil/i, Chol/e
 Definition
Bile
Term
colon/o
 Definition
large intestine
Term
dent/o, odont/o
 Definition
teeth
Term
diverticul/o
 Definition
diverticulum (bulging pouches in the digestive tract)
Term
duoden/o
 Definition
first part of the small intestine
Term
emes/o
 Definition
vomiting
Term
enter/o
 Definition
intestine (small intestine)
Term
esophag/o
 Definition
esophagus
Term
gastr/o
 Definition
stomach
Term
gloss/o, lingu/o
 Definition
tongue
Term
hep/at, hepat/o
 Definition
liver
Term
ile/o
 Definition
ileum (part of the small intestine)
Term
jejun/o
 Definition
jejunum (part of the small intestine)
Term
lip/o
 Definition
fat, lipid
Term
Pharyng/o
 Definition
pharynx
Term
pylor/o
 Definition
pylorus (part of the stomach connecting to the duodenum)
Term
rect/o
 Definition
rectum
Term
sigmoid/o
 Definition
sigmoid colon (part of the large intestine)
Term
stomat/o
 Definition
mouth
Term
sial/o
 Definition
saliva
Term
urethr/o
 Definition
urethra
Term
proct/o
 Definition
anus and rectum
Term
phlegm/o
 Definition
phlegm
Term
omphal/o
 Definition
umbilicus
Term
peps/i
 Definition
digestion
Term
phage/o,phagi/o
 Definition
eating , swallowing
Term
cholelith/o
 Definition
gallstone
Term
enzym/o
 Definition
enzyme
Term
gingiv/o
 Definition
gums
Term
alimentari/o
 Definition
alimentary canal
Term
peristal/o
 Definition
peristalsis
Term
or/o
 Definition
mouth
Term
nephr/o, ren/o
 Definition
kidney
Term
pyel/o
 Definition
renal pelvis (part of the kidney)
Term
ureter/o
 Definition
ureter
Term
urin/o, ur/o
 Definition
urine, urinary tract
Term
vesic/o, cyst/o
 Definition
urinary bladder
Term
urethr/o
 Definition
urethra
Term
hem/o
 Definition
blood
Term
glyc/o
 Definition
sugar
Term
glomerul/o
 Definition
glomerulus (part of the nephron)
Term
tubul/o
 Definition
tubule (part of the nephron)
Term
nitrog/o
 Definition
nitrogen
Term
calyx/o
 Definition
calyx (cup shaped structure in the kidney)
Term
peritone/o
 Definition
peritoneum (membrane lining of the abdominal cavity)
Term
pelvis
 Definition
renal pelvis (part of the kidney)
Term
adren/o
 Definition
adrenal gland (related to the kidneys)
Term
kidne/o
 Definition
kidney
Term
GI
 Definition
gastrointestinal
Term
IBS
 Definition
irritable bowel syndrome
Term
GERD
 Definition
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Term
IBD
 Definition
inflammatory bowel disease
Term
BUN
 Definition
blood urea nitrogen
Term
CBC
 Definition
complete blood count
Term
UGI
 Definition
upper gastrointestinal
Term
LGI
 Definition
lower gastrointestinal
Term
PEG
 Definition
percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy (a feeding tube)
Term
JUG
 Definition
jejunum (a part of the small intestine)
Term
IL
 Definition
ileum (the last part of the small intestine)
Term
CO
 Definition
cholecystectomy (surgical removal of gallbladder)
Term
GB
 Definition
gallbladder
Term
CP
 Definition
chronic pancreatitis (a condition of the pancreas)
Term
PR
 Definition
per rectum ( as in fecal samples)
Term
ARF
 Definition
acute renal failure
Term
CKD
 Definition
chronic kidney disease
Term
ESRD
 Definition
end-stage renal disease
Term
ESWL
 Definition
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (a procedure to break kidney stones)
Term
OAB
 Definition
overactive bladder
Term
SG
 Definition
specific gravity (a measure of urine density)
Term
UA
 Definition
urinalysis
Term
UTI
 Definition
urinary tract infection
Term
VCUG
 Definition
voiding Cystourethrogram (a type of x-ray)
Term
Cath
 Definition
catheter (a tube inserted into the body)
Term
cyst
 Definition
cystogram (x-ray of the bladder)
Term
nephr
 Definition
nephrectomy (surgical removal of a kidney)
Term
Ren
 Definition
renal (pertaining to the kidney)
Term
Uretr
 Definition
ureterectomy (surgical removal of a ureter)
Term
Hydr
 Definition
hydronephrosis (swelling of the kidney)
Term
Lith
 Definition
lithotripsy (procedure to break down kidney stones)
Term
pyel
 Definition
pyelolithotomy (procedure to remove stones from the kidney pelvis)
Term
Bowel syndrome
 Definition
irritable bowel syndrome
Term
Malaise
 Definition
a general feeling of discomfort, illness, or uneasiness of which the cause is difficult to identify, often associated with digestive issues
Term
FUN WISE
 Definition
an acronym for symptoms of lower urinary tract problems (frequency, urgency, nocturia, weak stream, intermittency, straining, emptying incompletely
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