Term
| radiology vs ct vs mri vs bone scan for cortico bone, medullary bone/bone marrow, soft tissue calcifications, cartilage/joint space, ligaments, tendons and muscles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Salter-Harris Classification: Epiphyseal Fractures |
|
Definition
Type 1
Through epiphyseal plate with
displacement Type 2
Type 1 plus triangular segment of metaphysis is fractured
Type 3
Runs from joint surface through
epiphyseal plate and epiphysis Type 4
Type 3 but also through adjacent metaphysis
Type 5
Crush injury of the metaphysis
[image] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
• Jefferson cervical fracture
• Compression fracture of the C1
bony ring
• Unstable fracture
• Mechanism- diving into a empty pool, heavy weight falling on head
• Seen best on odontoid view
• Displacement of the lateral masses of vertebrae C1 beyond the margins of the body of vertebra C2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hangman's fracture
• Radiographic features (best seen on lateral view)
• Prevertebral soft tissue swelling
• Avulsion of anterior inferior corner of C2 associated with rupture of the anterior longitudinal ligament
• Anterior dislocation of the C2 vertebral body
• Bilateral C2 pars interarticularis fractures
• Unstable fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
• Clay-Shoveler’s fracture
• Stable fracture through the spinous process
• Occurring at any of the lower cervical or upper thoracic vertebrae
• Classically C6 or C7 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
shoulder y-view
• Patient rotated so that scapular blade is in view
• Check for scapula fracture and shoulder dislocation
• With dislocation the humeral head will not be aligned with the Y |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
shoulder dislocation
• Most common dislocated major joint
• Most are anterior dislocations (90%)
• Arm held in adduction and elbow flexed close to body
• Do neuro and vascular ex
• Treatment: reduction
• Do post reduction file to check
for fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anterior Shoulder Dislocation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Posterior Shoulder Dislocation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
clavicle fracture
• Very common in pediatrics
• Due to blow to the
shoulder or fall on
outstretched hand
• Most fractures are mid-
portion or distal third
• Exam
• Localized tenderness
• X-ray
• Check neurovascular status
• Treatment
• Figure 8 or cradle sling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A-C separation
• Clinical
• Result from fall on
tip of the shoulder
• Pain with range of motion and point
tenderness to palpation, swelling
• Presents with arm held close to the side |
|
|
Term
| degrees of shoulder separation |
|
Definition
• 1st degree: stretching of the ligaments
• 2nd degree: partial tearing of sup/inf AC ligament
• 3rd degree: complete tearing of the sup/inf AC and coracoclavicular ligament
[image] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
rib fractures
• Due to blunt chest trauma (MVA or fall)
• Watch for pneumothorax
• Pain on inspiration and
dyspnea
• Treatment: pain relief
and avoid chest compression |
|
|
