Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - assessment |
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Definition
| evaluation or appraisal of a condition |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, how many and what are they? |
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Definition
| four, temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, average normal? |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, named for? |
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Definition
| location which they are taken |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, oral |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, aural |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, axillary |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, rectally |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, can readings vary by location? |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, hypothermia |
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Definition
| abnormally low body temperature |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, temperature, hyperthermia |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, pulse |
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Definition
| the rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, pulse rate? recorded as? |
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Definition
| the number of times the heart beats each minute recorded as bpm (beats per minute)z |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, normal resting pulse rates |
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Definition
| vary with age, newborns 130-160, adults, 50-80 is normal |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, respiration, also known as? |
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Definition
| respiration rate, the number of complete respirations per minute |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, respiration, what is it? |
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Definition
| one complete exhalation and inhalation |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, respiration rate, what is normal for adults? |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, blood pressure, sphygmomanometer |
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Definition
| blood pressure measuring device (the cuff and dial with needle) |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, blood pressure, how do you measure it? |
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Definition
| with a sphygmomanmometer and a stethoscope |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, blood pressure, how is is measured? |
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Definition
| systolic over diastolic, for example 120/80 |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, pain (sometimes the 5th vital sign in some settings) |
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Definition
| cannot be measured objectively and is reported by the patient |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - vital signs, pain verbal rating scale |
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Definition
1 - little to no pain through
10 - excruciating, unbearable pain |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation |
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Definition
| to listen using a stethoscope for respiratory, heart, and abdominal sounds within the body |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Respiratory Sounds |
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Definition
| provides information regarding the condition of the lungs an pleura |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Respiratory Sounds, rale, also known as? |
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Definition
| a crackle, an abnormal rattle or crackle-like respiratory sound heard during inspiration |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Respiratory Sounds, rhonchus, also known as? |
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Definition
| wheezing, a "musical" sound which occurs during inspiration or expiration caused by a partially blocked airway (plural - rhonchi) |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Respiratory Sounds, stridor |
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Definition
| an abnormal, high-pitched, harsh or crowing sound heard during inhalation caused by a partial blockage of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Heart Sounds, what are the two distinct sounds? |
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Definition
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Heart Sounds, lubb sound |
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Definition
| heard first, caused by the tricuspid and mitral valves closing between the atria and the ventricles |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Heart Sounds, dubb sound |
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Definition
| shorter and higher pitched, caused by the closing of the semilunar valves in the aorta and pulmonary arteries as blood is pumped out of the heart |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Heart Sounds, bruit (French pronunciation) |
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Definition
| an abnormal intermittent musical sound heard in the auscultation of a vein or artery, caused by a partially blocked carotid artery or as blood flows through an aneurysm |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Heart Sounds, heart murmur |
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Definition
| a swishing or a whistling sound that may be heard in addition to the normal sounds. |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Heart Sounds, heart murmur, signs of what? |
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Definition
| Can be made by a normal healthy heart or it can be an indication of a septal or valvular problem |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Abdominal Sounds |
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Definition
| performed to evaluate bowel sounds |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Abdominal Sounds, bowel sounds, where do they come from? |
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Definition
| the movement of air and fluid though the intestine |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Auscultation - Abdominal Sounds, what are the three classifications? |
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Definition
| normal, hypoactive and hyperactive |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Palpation and Percussion, palpation |
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Definition
| the use of hands to feel the texture, size,consistency and location of body parts |
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Term
| Basic Examination Procedures - Palpation and Percussion, percussion |
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Definition
| a diagnostic procedure to determine the density of a body area |
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Term
| Additional Instruments and Examination Procedures - ophthalmoscope |
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Definition
| used to examine the interior of the eye |
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Term
| Additional Instruments and Examination Procedures - PERRLA |
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Definition
| abbreviation meaning Pupils are Equal, Round, Responsive to Light and Accommodation, a diagnostic observation; any abnormality might indicate a head injury or damage to the brain |
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Term
| Additional Instruments and Examination Procedures - otoscope |
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Definition
| used to visually examine the external ear canal and tympanic membrane |
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Term
| Additional Instruments and Examination Procedures - speculum |
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Definition
| used to enlarge the opening of any canal or cavity to facilitate inspection of its interior |
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Term
| Additional Instruments and Examination Procedures - stethoscope |
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Definition
| used to listen to sounds within the body and during measurement of blood pressure |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Recumbent |
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Definition
| may mean any position laying down, on back, stomach, or side |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Recumbent, decubitus |
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Definition
| the act of lying down or the position assumed in lying down |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Recumbent, decubitus and radiography |
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Definition
| means lying down, but most often refers to a decubitus ulcer or bedsore |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Prone |
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Definition
| lying on the belly with the face down, for examining the back or buttocks |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Supine, also known as? |
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Definition
| the horizontal recumbent position, on the back with the face up, for anterior examination and certain x-rays |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Dorsal Recumbent Position |
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Definition
| supine with knees bent, for examination and treatment of the abdominal area and for vaginal or rectal examinations |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Sims' Position |
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Definition
| Patient lies on left side with the right knee and thigh drawn up and with the left arm placed along the back, for examination and treatment of the rectal area |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Sims' Position, named for? |
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Definition
| James Marion Sims, American physician in the 1800's |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Knee-Chest Position |
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Definition
| lying face down, bent knees, knees and chest rest on table, for rectal examination |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Lithotomy Position |
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Definition
| supine with feet in stirrups, used for vaginal and rectal examination |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Trendelenburg Position |
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Definition
| patient is on the back with the pelvis higher than the head with the knees slightly bent and the legs hanging off the end of the table |
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Term
| Basic Examination Positions - Modified Trendelenburg Position, used for what and how does it differ? |
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Definition
| shock, lie on back with legs elevated 12 - 16 inches above head in an effort to improve blood flow to the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| from the Latin for immediately, tests are ordered stat because the results are needed immediately |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - profile |
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Definition
| tests that are frequently performed as a group on automated multichannel laboratory testing equipment |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - Obtaining Specimens, phlebotomy, also known as? |
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Definition
| venipuncture, the puncture of a vein for the purpose of drawing blood |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - Obtaining Specimens, phlebotomist |
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Definition
| an individual trained and skilled in phlebotomy |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - Obtaining Specimens, capillary puncture |
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Definition
| used when only a small amount of blood is required; a finger stick, heel stick, or earlobe stick |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - complete blood cell counts |
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Definition
| a series of tests performed as a group to evaluate several blood conditions |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - erythrocyte sedimentation rate, also known as? |
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Definition
| sed rate, a test based on the rate red blood cells settle to the bottom of a container, used to check for inflammation in the body |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - erythrocyte sedimentation rate, what does a high rate mean? |
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Definition
| the presence of inflammation in the body |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - hematocrit test |
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Definition
| measures the percentage by volume of packed red blood cells in a whole blood sample |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - hematocrit test used to diagnose what? |
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Definition
| abnormal states of hydration, polycythemia (excess red blood cells) and anemia (deficient red blood cells) |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - platelet count |
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Definition
| measures the number of platelets in a specified amount of blood. |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - platelet count used for? |
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Definition
| screening test to evaluate platelet function, also to monitor thrombocytosis or thrombocytopenia |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - red blood cell count |
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Definition
| a determination of the erythrocytes in the blood |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - red blood cell count, what does a low count indicate? |
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Definition
| a hemorrhage lasting more than 24 hours or anemia |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - total hemoglobin test |
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Definition
| measures the amount of hemoglobin found in the whole blood |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - total hemoglobin test, used to measure what? |
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Definition
| the severity of anemia or polycythemia and monitor the response to therapy |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - white blood cell count |
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Definition
| a determination of the number of leukocytes in the blood |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - white blood cell count, what would an elevated count be an indication of? |
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Definition
| an infection or inflammation |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - white blood cell differential test determines what? |
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Definition
| what percentage of the total count is composed of the five types of leukocytes |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - white blood cell differential test, provides what information? |
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Definition
| info regarding the patient's immune system, detects certain types of leukemia, and determines the severity of infection |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, agglutination tests |
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Definition
| involve the clumping together of cells or particles when mixed with an incompatible substance |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, agglutination tests, determine what? |
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Definition
| patient's blood type and to check for donor and recipient blood before transfusion |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, blood urea nitrogen |
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Definition
| tests the amount of urea present in the blood, rough indication of kidney function |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, CRP, stands for? |
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Definition
| C-reactive protein, test that detects coronary artery inflammation that could signal an increased risk of heart attack. |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, CRP, score below one? |
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Definition
| considered ideal, three or higher indicates higher risk |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, lipid tests, also known as? |
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Definition
| lipid panel, measures the amount of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides in a blood sample |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, prothrombin time, also known as? |
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Definition
| pro time, a test used to diagnose conditions associated with abnormal bleeding and to monitor anticoagulant therapy |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, serum enzyme tests |
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Definition
| used to measure the blood enzymes, useful as evidence of a myocardial infraction |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, serum bilirubin test |
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Definition
| measures how well red blood cells are being broken down |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, serum bilirubin test, what would elevated levels of bilirubin indicate? |
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Definition
| liver problems or gallstones |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, serum bilirubin test, what would elevated levels cause? |
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Definition
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Blood Tests - additional blood tests, thyroid-stimulating hormone assay |
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Definition
| measures circulating blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone that may indicate abnormal thyroid activity |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis |
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Definition
| the examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, routine urinalysis |
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Definition
| performed to screen for urinary and systemic disorders |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, routine urinalysis, dipstick |
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Definition
| a plastic strip impregnated with chemicals that react with substances in the urine and change color accordingly |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, microscopic examination |
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Definition
| used when more detailed testing of the specimen is required |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, microscopic examination, casts are found |
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Definition
| fibrous or protein materials, such as pus and fats, that are thrown off into the urine in kidney disease |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, pH Value of Urine, what is the average normal pH range? |
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Definition
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, pH Value of Urine, pH below 7 indicates? |
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Definition
| acid urine and an indication of acidosis |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, pH Value of Urine, pH above 7 indicates? |
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Definition
| alkaline urine and may indicate conditions including a UTI |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Specific Gravity |
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Definition
| reflects the amount of wastes, minerals, and solids present |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Low Specific Gravity |
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Definition
| dilute urine, characteristic of diabetes insipidus |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, High Specific Gravity |
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Definition
| concentrated urine, occurs in conditions of dehydration, liver failure and shock |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - acetone |
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Definition
| sweet, fruity odor, found in small quantities in normal urine, larger amounts in diabetics |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - albuminuria |
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Definition
| the presence of the protein albumin in the urine is a sign of impaired kidney function |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - bacteriuria |
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Definition
| the presence of bacteria in the urine |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - calciuria |
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Definition
| the presence of calcium in the urine |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - calciuria, high levels of calcium? |
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Definition
| may be diagnostic for hyperparathyroidism |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - calciuria, low levels of calcium? |
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Definition
| may indicate osteomalacia |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - creatinuria, indicates what? |
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Definition
| an increased concentration of creatine in the urine, increased muscle breakdown or a disruption of kidney function |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - drug screening |
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Definition
| can rapidly identify abuse drugs such as cocaine, heroin and marijuana |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - glycosuria |
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Definition
| the presence of glucose in the urine, most commonly caused by diabetes |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - hematuria |
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Definition
| presence of blood in the urine, may be caused by kidney stones, infection, damage to the kidneys or bladder cancer |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - gross hematuria |
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Definition
| the urine may look pink, brown, or bright red, blood can be detected without magnification |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - microscopic hematuria |
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Definition
| a microscope must be used to detect the presence of blood in the urine |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - ketonuria |
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Definition
| the presence of ketones in urine, may indicate starvation or uncontrolled diabetes |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - proteinuria |
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Definition
| the presence of an abnormal amount of protein in the urine, usually a sign of kidney disease |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - pyuria |
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Definition
| the presence of pus in the urine |
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Term
| Laboratory Tests - Urinalysis, Conditions Identified Through Urinalysis - urine culture sensitivity |
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Definition
| identifies the cause of a UTI and helps determine the proper antibiotic |
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Term
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Definition
| the visual examination of the interior of a body cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| the fiber optic instrument used for endoscopy, named for body part examined |
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Term
| Endoscopy - Laparoscopic Procedures, laparoscopy |
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Definition
| the visual examination of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope passed through the abdominal wall |
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Term
| Endoscopy - Laparoscopic Procedures, laparoscope is used for? |
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Definition
| exploring and examining the interior of the abdomen, taking specimens to be biopsied, and performing surgical procedures |
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Term
| Endoscopy - Laparoscopic Procedures, laparoscopic surgery |
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Definition
| the use of a laparoscope plus instruments inserted into the abdomen through incisions |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid |
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Term
| Centesis - abdominocentesis |
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Definition
| surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid |
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Term
| Centesis - arthrocentesis |
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Definition
| surgical puncture of a joint space to remove synovial fluid for analysis to determine the cause of pain or swelling of said joint |
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Term
| Centesis - cardiocentesis, also known as? |
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Definition
| cardiopuncture, surgical puncture of a heart chamber for diagnosis or therapy |
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Term
| Centesis - pericardiocentesis |
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Definition
| the drawing of fluid from the pericardial sac for diagnostic purposes or to relieve pressure on the heart |
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Term
| Centesis - tympanocentesis |
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Definition
| surgical puncture of the tympanic membrane with a needle to remove fluid from the middle ear |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, comparing of systems, 1. conventional radiography (x-ray) |
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Definition
| uses radiation (x-rays) passing through the patient to expose a film that shows the body in profile. Hard tissues are light, soft tissues are shades of gray, air is black |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, comparing of systems, 2. computerized tomography (CT) |
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Definition
| uses radiation (x-rays) with computer assistance to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body, hard tissues are light and soft tissues are shades of gray |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, comparing of systems, 3. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
| uses a combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to produce images, hard tissues are dark, soft tissues shades of gray |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, Radiographic Contrast Medium |
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Definition
| a substance used to make visible structures that are otherwise hard to see |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, Radiographic Contrast Medium, how administered? |
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Definition
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, Radiopaque Contrast Medium |
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Definition
| such as barium, does not allow x-rays to pass through and appears white or light gray on the resulting film |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, Radiolucent Contrast Medium, such as? |
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Definition
| air or nitrogen gas, does allow x-rays to pass through and appears dark gray or black on the resulting film |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, Intravenous Contrast Medium |
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Definition
| injected into a vein to make the flow of blood through blood vessels and organs visible. |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, Barium |
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Definition
| radiopaque contrast medium used primarily to visualize the gastrointestinal tract. X-rays and fluoroscopy are used to trace the flow of the barium |
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Term
| Imaging Techniques, Barium Swallow |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Imaging Techniques, Barium Enema |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders with x-rays and other forms of radiant energy |
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Term
| Radiology - radiology, also known as? |
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Definition
| x-ray or radiography, an image of hard tissue internal structures is created by exposing sensitized film to x-radiation |
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Term
| Radiology - radiology, resultant film is known as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Radiology - radiographs are made up of shades of? |
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Definition
| gray, radiopaque hard tissues such as bone and tooth enamel are white or light gray, radiolucent soft tissues appear in shades of gray to black |
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Term
| Radiology - radiographic positioning |
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Definition
| the body placement and the part of the body closest to the x-ray film |
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Term
| Radiology - radiographic projections |
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Definition
| the path that the x-ray beam follows through the body from entrance to exit |
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Term
| Radiology - basic radiographic projections, anteroposterior projection |
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Definition
| has the patient positioned with the back parallel to the film, the x-ray beam travels from front to back |
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Term
| Radiology - basic radiographic projections, posteroanterior projection |
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Definition
| patient faces film and parallel to it, the x-ray travels through the body from back to front |
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Term
| Radiology - basic radiographic projections, lateral projection, also known as? |
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Definition
| a side view, patient is at right angles to the film, named for the side of the body nearest the film |
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Term
| Radiology - basic radiographic projections, oblique projection |
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Definition
| patient is positioned so the body is slanted sideways to the film |
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Term
| Radiology - dental radiology, extraoral radiography |
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Definition
| film is placed outside the mouth |
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Term
| Radiology - dental radiology, extraoral radiography, panoramic radiography, also known as? |
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Definition
| a Panorex, shows all the structures in both dental arches |
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Term
| Radiology - dental radiology, intraoral radiography |
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Definition
| film is placed within the mouth and the camera is placed next to the cheek |
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Term
| Radiology - dental radiology, intraoral radiography, periapical radiographs |
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Definition
| show entire tooth and some surrounding tissue, used to detect abnormalities such as an abscess at the tip of the root |
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Term
| Radiology - dental radiology, intraoral radiography, bitewing radiographs |
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Definition
| shows the crowns of teeth in both arches, used to detect dental decay or cavities |
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Term
| Computerized Tomography, how does it work? |
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Definition
| it uses a thin, fan-shaped x-ray beam that rotates around the patient to produce multiple cross-sectional views of the body |
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Term
| Computerized Tomography, how is it viewed? |
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Definition
| info is downloaded to a computer, analyzed, and converted to gray-scale images corresponding to anatomic slices of the body, viewed on monitor or printed as hard copy (films) |
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|
Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging - how does it work? |
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Definition
| uses a combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create signals that are sent to a computer and converted into images of any plane through the body |
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|
Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging - what is it used to study? |
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Definition
| heart, blood vessels, brain, spinal cord, joints, muscles, and internal organs |
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Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging - how are tissues viewed (in dark/light) |
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Definition
| hard tissues appear dark and soft tissues are bright |
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Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging - closed architecture MRI, also known as? |
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Definition
| high-field MRI, done in the tube, noisy, patients who are claustrophobic hate it |
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Term
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging - open architecture MRI |
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Definition
| the equipment design is less confining and more comfortable for some |
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|
Term
| Magnetic Resonance Angiography - also known as? |
|
Definition
| MRA, or magnetic resonance angio, combines MRI with the use of a contrast medium to locate problems with blood vessels throughout the body, often used as an alternative to conventional angiography |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the visualization of body parts in motion by projecting x-rays on a luminous screen |
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|
Term
| Fluoroscopy, cineradiography |
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Definition
| the recording of images as they appear in motion on a fluorescent screen |
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|
Term
| Fluoroscopy, how is it used in conjunction with conventional x-ray techniques? |
|
Definition
| to capture a record of parts of the examination |
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|
Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, also known as? |
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Definition
| ultrasonography, imaging of deep body structures by recording the echoes of pulses of sound waves above the range of human hearing |
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound - resultant record is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, commonly referred to as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, most effective for viewing what? |
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Definition
| solid organs of the abdomen and soft tissues where the signal is not stopped by intervening bone or air |
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, commonly used for? |
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Definition
| evaluating fetal development, detecting the presence of gallstones, or confirming the presence of a mass found on a mammogram |
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, carotid ultrasonography |
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Definition
| the use of sound waves to image the carotid artery to detect an obstruction that could cause an ischemic stroke |
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, echocardiography |
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Definition
| ultrasound diagnostic procedure to evaluate the structures and motion of the heart |
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, echocardiography, resultant image is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, Doppler echocardiogram |
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Definition
| measures the speed and direction of blood flow within the heart |
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, transesophageal echocardiography |
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Definition
| ultrasound imaging technique used to evaluate heart structures |
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Term
| Diagnostic Ultrasound, transesophageal echocardiography, where is it performed? |
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Definition
| from inside the esophagus, because it is close to the heart and clearer images can be obtained |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine, utilizes what? |
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Definition
| radioactive substances known as radiopharmaceuticals for both diagnosis and treatment |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine, radionuclide tracer, also known as? |
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Definition
| radioactive tracer, is contained in each radiopharmaceutical |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine, radionuclide tracer, specific to? |
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Definition
| the body system being examined |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine, what do the radiopharmaceuticals emit? what purpose are they used for? |
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Definition
gamma-rays
administered to a patient in preparation for a nuclear scan |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine, how are the radiopharmaceuticals detected? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine, how does the gamma-ray camera work? |
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Definition
| it is attached to a computer which gathers data to generate an image showing the pattern of absorption that indicates pathology, documenting the structure and function of the organ being examined |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine, when used for diagnostic purposes, what is this referred to as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine - Nuclear Scans, also known as? |
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Definition
| a scintigram, is a diagnostic procedure that uses nuclear medicine technology to gather information about the structure and function of organs or systems that cannot be seen on conventional x-rays |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine - Nuclear Scans, bone scans |
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Definition
| a radionuclide tracer is injected into the bloodstream where only bone structures will absorb it so that they show up as dark areas in the scan |
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Term
| Nuclear Medicine - Nuclear Scans, thyroid scans |
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Definition
| a radiopharmaceutical containing radioactive iodine is used and the rate of iodine uptake by the thyroid is an indicator of thyroid function |
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Term
| Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography - also known as? |
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Definition
| SPECT, a nuclear imaging technique in which pictures are taken by one to three gamma cameras after a radionuclide tracer is injected into the blood |
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Term
| Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography - what are the cameras also referred to as? how do they gather data? |
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Definition
| detectors, they rotate around the patient's body collecting data and producing images on a variety of planes |
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Term
| Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography - used to study...? |
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Definition
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Term
| Positron Emission Tomography |
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Definition
| combines tomography with radionuclide tracers to produce enhanced images of selected body organs or areas |
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Term
| Positron Emission Tomography, used to determine? |
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Definition
| cardiac or cerebral perfusion and for brain imaging to aid in the diagnosis of epilepsy, dementia, and recurrent brain tumors |
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Term
| Radioimmunoassay, also known as? |
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Definition
| radioassay, is a laboratory technique in which a radioactively labeled substance is mixed with a blood specimen |
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Term
| Radioimmunoassay, can be used to? |
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Definition
| evaluate function of the pituitary and thyroid glands |
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Term
| Radioimmunoassay, immunofluoresence |
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Definition
| a method of tagging antibodies with a fluorescent dye to detect or localize antigen-antibody combinations |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the nature, uses, and effects of drugs for medical purposes |
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Term
| Pharmacology - pharmacist |
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Definition
| a specialist licensed to formulate and dispense prescribed medications |
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Term
| Pharmacology - prescription |
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Definition
| an order for medication, therapy, or a therapeutic device |
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Term
| Pharmacology - prescriptions vs. over-the-counter drugs |
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Definition
a prescription drug is a medication dispensed only with a prescription from a licensed professional, such as a dentist, or physician
An O.T.C. may be dispensed without a prescription |
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Term
| Pharmacology - generic and brand name drugs, generic |
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Definition
| usually named for its chemical structure and is not protected by a brand name or trademark, such as diazepam |
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Term
| Pharmacology - generic and brand name drugs, brand name |
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Definition
| sold under the name given by the drug manufacturer. Brand names are always spelled with a capital letter like Valium, brand name for diazepam |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - addiction |
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Definition
| compulsive, uncontrollable dependence on a substance, habit or practice to the degree that stopping causes severe emotional, mental, or physiological reactions |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - adverse drug reaction, also known as? |
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Definition
| a side effect or adverse drug event, is an undesirable drug response that accompanies the principal response for which the drug was taken |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - compliance |
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Definition
| the patient's consistency and accuracy at following the regimen outlined by a physician |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - regimen |
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Definition
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - contraindication |
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Definition
| a factor in the patient's condition that makes the use of a drug dangerous or ill advised |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - drug interaction |
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Definition
| changes the effect of one drug when administered at the same time as another drug |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - idiosyncratic reaction |
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Definition
| an unexpected reaction to a drug |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - palliative |
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Definition
| substance that eases the pain or severity of a disease but does not cure it |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - paradoxical drug reaction |
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Definition
| an induced effect that is the exact opposite of that which was therapeutically intended |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - placebo |
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Definition
| a substance containing no active ingredient that works by the power of suggestion |
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Term
| Terminology Related to Pharmacology - potentiation, also known as? |
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Definition
| synergism, a drug interaction that occurs when the effect of one drug is potentiated (increased) by another drug |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - inhalation administration |
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Definition
| refers to vapor and gases taken through the nose or mouth and absorbed into the bloodstream through the lungs |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - inhalation administration, example? |
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Definition
| gases for general anesthesia |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - oral administration |
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Definition
| drugs taken by mouth to be absorbed by the stomach or small intestine |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - oral administration, examples? |
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Definition
| pills, liquids or capsules |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - oral administration, enteric coating? |
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Definition
| a coating which dissolves, releasing the medication in the small intestine instead of the stomach |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - percutaneous treatment |
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Definition
| a procedure performed through the skin |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - percutaneous treatment, examples? |
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Definition
| nicotine patch, birth control patch |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - rectal administration |
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Definition
| the insertion of medication into the rectum by use of either suppositories or liquid solutions |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - rectal administration, examples and how does it work? |
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Definition
| fenegren for nausea, they melt at body temperature and the medication is absorbed by the surrounding tissues |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - sublingual administration |
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Definition
| medication placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve slowly; once dissolved, the medication is quickly absorbed through the sublingual tissue directly into the bloodstream |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - Parenteral Administration |
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Definition
| by injection through a hypodermic syringe |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - Parenteral Administration, subcutaneous |
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Definition
| into the fatty layer just below the skin |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - Parenteral Administration, intradermal injection |
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Definition
| into the middle layers of skin |
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - Parenteral Administration, intramuscular |
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Definition
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - Parenteral Administration, intravenous |
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Definition
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Term
| Routes of Drug Administration - Parenteral Administration, bolus, also known as? |
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Definition
| a bolus infusion, a single dose of drug usually injected into a blood vessel over a short period of time |
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