Term
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Definition
| The escape of fluid, proteins, or blood from the vascular system into interstitial tissue or body cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammatory extra-vascular fluid with a high protein content and a lot of cellular debris |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal ultra-filtrate of blood plasma |
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Term
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Definition
| Excess fluid in interstitial tissue or body cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammatory exudate rich in leukocytes and parenchymal cell debris |
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Term
| Acute Inflammation Components |
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Definition
-vascular dilation
-vascular structural change
-leukocyte migration from circulation to site of injury |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase in blood flow |
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Term
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Definition
| An increased permeability of capillaries, number of RBC's, and viscosity of the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| Small vessels packed with RBC |
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Term
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Definition
Step 1: Migration, rolling and adhesion
Step 2: Transmigration across endothelium
Step 3: Migration in the interstitial tissue towards the signal |
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Term
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Definition
| Locomotion oriented along a chemical gradient |
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Term
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Definition
| An exogenous or endogenous chemical stimulus that causes chemotaxis |
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Term
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Definition
Step 1: Recognition and attachment (opsonization)
Step 2: Engulfment
Step 3: Killing or degradation |
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Term
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Definition
Oxygen-dependent mechanism
Oxygen-independent mechanism: Bactericidal permeability increasing protein, Lyzozyme, and Major basic protein |
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Term
| Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome |
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Definition
| Defect in leukocyte adhesion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic Granulomatus Disease |
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Definition
| An X-linked defect in microbicidal activity |
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Term
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Definition
| Any molecule that modulates an inflammatory response in some way |
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Term
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Definition
| A vasoactive amine chemical mediator that is the product of mast cells, neutrophils, and platelets. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vascoactive amine chemical mediator produced by platelets and CNS cells |
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Term
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Definition
| A large division of Vasoactive proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| A very potent pain inducer |
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Term
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Definition
| A machine for proliferating cells using a Membrane attack complex initiated by inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
| Two pathways that lead to the activation of thrombin and the formation of fibrin |
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Term
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Definition
| Clotting activated by Hageman factor |
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Term
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Definition
| A mediator derived from phospholipids |
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Term
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Definition
| A phospholipid mediator that influences leukocyte production/function and actives inflammatory cells. It is a messenger molecule of the immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| These cells develop into Macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that produce enzymes and act as antigen presenting cells. Uses Burns and Poisons |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that use lymphokines to activate monocytes and macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| These cells produce antibodies |
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Term
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Definition
| These cells produce Major Basic Protein. Uses plugs and burns |
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Term
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Definition
| These cells are found in areas of chronic infections |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of chronic infection that produces a large amount of pus |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of chronic infection that involves the shedding of necrotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| An abundance of fibrous tissue as a result of chronic infection |
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Term
| Inflammation of Serosal Membranes |
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Definition
| Outpouring of thin fluid as a result of chronic infection |
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Term
| Granulomatous Inflammation |
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Definition
| Distinctive pattern of chronic inflammatory reaction initiated by a variety of infectious and noninfectious agents |
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Term
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Definition
| Focal area of granulomatous infection |
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Term
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Definition
1: Hemostasis
2: Inflammation
3: Wound contraction
4: Wound healing |
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Term
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Definition
| Clotting of blood initiated by contact with collagen or tissue factor |
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Term
| Granulation Tissue Formation |
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Definition
1: Fibroblast migrate towards wound
2: Epidermal cells move over the clot
3: Fibroblasts proliferate
4: Angiogenesis (in-growth of BV) |
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Term
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Definition
| When Fibroblasts develop into Myofibroblasts in open wounds |
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Term
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Definition
| Matrix metalloproteinases like collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, and MBMM synthesis new matrix and degrade the old one |
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Term
| Healing by the First Intention |
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Definition
| A clean wound with opposing sides that involves the disruption of the basement membrane |
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Term
| Healing by the Second Intention |
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Definition
| A wound with separated edges that involved wound contraction |
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Term
| Critical Number for Bacterial Infection |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A formation of excessive granulation tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Exuberant proliferation of fibroblasts |
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Term
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Definition
| A wound that has contracted |
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Term
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Definition
| When the immune system does too much |
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Term
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Definition
| When the immune system does too little |
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Term
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Definition
| When the immune system attacks a part of its own organism |
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Term
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Definition
| Thymus-derived cells recognize a specific antigen. They work by cell-mediated immunity |
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Term
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Definition
| Bone marrow derived lymphocytes that are precursors to plasma and memory cells. They produce many antibodies for one antigen |
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Term
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Definition
| Antigen presenting cells ex: Langerhans and Follicular dendritic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that can lyse tumor cells and are involved in viral defense |
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Term
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Definition
| Anaphylatic: Anaphylatic shock (systemic) and Allergy (local). Degranulation of mast cells coated with IgE antibody |
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Term
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Definition
| When mast cells degranulate for reasons not related to the IgE antibody |
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Term
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Definition
| When antibodies bind to a harmless target (ABO Mismatch) |
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Term
| Type III Hypersensitivity |
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Definition
| Complex-mediated: Complexes form from antibody and antigen. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type III Hypersensitivity reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| Cell-mediated: No antibodies involved. Delayed-type and T-cell mediated |
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Term
| Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity |
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Definition
| Tuberculin and contact dermatitis |
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Term
| T Cell Mediated Hypersensitivity |
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Definition
| Caused by sensitized cytotoxic T cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Graft in which the donor and recipient are the same |
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Term
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Definition
| Graft in which the donor and recipient are genetically identical |
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Term
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Definition
| Graft in which the donor is of the same species as the recipient |
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Term
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Definition
| Graft in which the donor and recipient are of different species |
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Term
| Major Histocompatibility Complex |
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Definition
Class I MHC: Present on all cells. T Lymphocytes attack cells with this marker
Class II MHC: Present on antigen presenting cells |
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Term
| T Cell Mediated Rejection |
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Definition
| Involve NK, CD8 and CD4 T cells |
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Term
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Definition
Direct- donor's antigen-presenting cells (APCs) interact with host T cells
Indirect- Hosts APC's process proteins from the graft |
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Term
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Definition
| When antibodies and antigens are already present in a graft. The reaction occurs as soon as blood flows into the graft |
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Term
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Definition
| Mixture of vascular and immune attack |
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Term
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Definition
| Similar to acute, but more thickening for the arteries |
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Term
| Graft Verses Host Disease |
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Definition
| Occurs a lot in bone marrow. The graft lyphoid cells attach the host and the host lympoid cells attack the graft |
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Term
| Ways to Increase Graft Survival |
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Definition
| Immunosurpressive therapy/elemination of non-immune issues. |
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Term
| Causes of Autoimmune Diseases |
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Definition
1. Malfunction of the immune system
2. Genetics
3. Environment |
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Term
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Definition
| Thyroid destroying Autoimmune disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Autoimmune disease that causes an over-stimulation of thyroid hormone |
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Term
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Definition
| An autoimmune disease that destroys the mucous glands |
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Term
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Definition
| Possible autoimmune disease that may be caused by a viral infection. Immune system attacks the Beta cells of the pancreas |
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Term
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Definition
| Autoimmune disease that causes a stiffening of the skin and other connective tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| An autoimmune disease of skeletal muscle origin |
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Term
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Definition
| Autoimmune attack on melanocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| Autoimmune disease that causes the loss of Acetyl CoA receptors in the muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| An autoimmune disease that attacks the joints |
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Term
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Definition
| A multi-system autoimmune disease |
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Term
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Definition
| Autoimmune attack on mylein coverings |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Therapeutic Immunosurpression |
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Definition
| Allograft protection and treatment for autoimmune diseases |
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Term
| Congenital Immunosupression |
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Definition
| Severe combined immunodeficiency |
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Term
| Acquired Immunosupression |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Two Components of All Tumors |
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Definition
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Term
| Benign Tumor Nomenclature |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A huge tumor involving three cell layers |
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor of epithelial origin |
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor of connective tissue origin |
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Term
| Neural Malignant Nomenclature |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Malignant tumor of unknown origin |
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Term
| Malignant Tumor Characteristic |
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Definition
| Anaplasia, high growth rate, local invasion, and metastasis |
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Term
| Benign Tumor Characteristics |
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Definition
| Differentiated, slow growing, local, does not metastasis |
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Term
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Definition
| Possible metastasising repressor gene |
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Term
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Definition
| Carcinogens, physical causes, and oncogenes |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability to alter a genome |
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Term
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Definition
| When electron deprived chemicals damage DNA by attacking it |
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Term
| Direct-Acting Alkynlating Agents |
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Definition
| Activation independent weak chemical carcinogen |
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Term
| Polycentric Aromatic Hydrocarbon |
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Definition
| Potent chemical carcinogen that requires metabolic processing |
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Term
| Aromatic Amines and Azo Dyes |
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Definition
| Potent chemical carcinogen that requires metabolic processing |
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Term
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Definition
| A high vitamin, low fat, and unprocessed diet lowers the risk of cancer |
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Term
| Other Chemical Carcinogens |
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Definition
| Hormonal, Occupational, and Therapeutic |
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Term
| Physical Causes of Cancer |
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Definition
| UV Radiation, Ionizing Radiation, and Physical Trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetic, Inflammatory, or Immunosurpressive biological causes of tumors |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Preventive Antitumor Defense |
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Definition
1: Halt cell proliferation
2: Repair DNA |
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Term
| Immune System Antitumor Defense |
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Definition
1: Tumor Specific Antigens
2: Tumor Associated Antigens |
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Term
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Definition
| A gene that stops the proliferation of cell that has damaged DNA |
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Term
| Ways Tumors Fight Against Immune Defense |
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Definition
| Evolve, Don't surpress MHC Class I marker, and grow faster |
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Term
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Definition
| Not a great theory because how could cancer attack the Lymph system so easily? |
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Term
| Non-Specific Tumor Defense |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A synthetic medium in which an antitumor drug is embedded |
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Term
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Definition
| Hydrophilic polymers swollen with water embedded with anticancer drugs (Gliadel) |
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Term
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Definition
| A possible way to fight cancer by reducing telomere lengths of cancer cells |
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Term
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Definition
| A virus that attacks tumor cells. Can be used as a vector for gene therapy |
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Term
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Definition
| Use perforin and cytolysin to kill |
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Term
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Definition
| Uses Oxygen free radicals to kill |
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Term
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Definition
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