Term
| The Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA) describes two broad categories of HF: |
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Definition
1. HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)
2. HF with preserved LVEF. Normal LVEF by echo is 55% or higher |
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Term
| Acute Decompensated HF (ADHF) occurs when: |
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Definition
| Cardiac output fails to meet the body's metabolic needs |
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Term
| Typically, left-sided HF results in: |
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Definition
| Pulmonary congestion and increased pulmonary pressure |
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Term
| Right -sided HF typically follows left-sided HF due to the increased pulmonary pressure (increased afterload). The result is _____. |
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Definition
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Term
Venous congestion can result in:
Liver enlargement, abdomial pain, anorexia, nausea, & bloating
TRUE of FALSE |
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Definition
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Term
| Dependent edema can result in: |
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Definition
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Term
| Pulmonary congestion can include: |
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Definition
1. Dyspena (difficulty breathing)
2. Orthopena (SOB laying down)
3. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspena
4. Coughing/ wheezing
5. Hemoptysis (bloody sputum)
6. Plural Effusion
7. Pulmonary edema due to severe
pulmonary congetion
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| ______ sided HF results in systemic congestion |
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Definition
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Term
| Decreased myocardial contractility is due to: |
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Definition
1. CAD
2. Myocarditis
3. Cardiomyopathy
4. collagen-vascular diseases (Lupus)
5. Certain Drugs (Auto immune ) |
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Term
| Increased myocardial workload is due to: |
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Definition
1. Systemic HTN
2. PHTN
3.Valvular disease
4. Intracardiac shunting
5. cardiomyopathy
6. High output states |
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Term
| Filling disorders cause a drop in _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Tachycardiac dysrhythmias reduce ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Marked bradycardiac dysrhythmias reduce CO because the ventricles cannot increase the _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Loss of coordinated atrial contraction decreases CO because the _____ is lost. |
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Definition
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Term
| Intra-aortic ballon pump (IABP) is considered in pt's who don't respond to drug therapy. IABP improves ____ and reduces _____. |
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Definition
| myocardial oxygenation & cardiac workload |
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Term
LVAD restores normal blood flow and allows the heart to rest and recover.
TRUE or FALSE |
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Definition
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Term
| When the heart fails to empty the venous system & pump to the arterial system, ? |
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Definition
1. Increased left & right ventricular pressure
2. Elevated systemic & pulmonary pressure
3. Decreased cardiac output
(heart works harder this can happen) |
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Term
| What are the three components to the compensatory mechanism? |
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Definition
1. Chronotropic force
2. Inotropic force
3. Ventricular dilatation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Hypertrophy of the heart walls that enables the heart to contract with more force.
leads to greater myocardial oxygen
demand & further deterioration |
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Term
| Initally, this component increases the amount of blood that it can hold (preload); however, this also leads to further deterioration. |
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Definition
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