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Dewitt ch 11
Ischemic Heart Disease
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Undergraduate 2
10/31/2015

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Term
An inadequate supply of blood to the heart, caused by a partial or total blockage of a coronary artery.
Definition
Ischemia
Term
Myocardial cell injury (damage) occurs when the ischemic process is more severe.
Definition
Injury
Term
Necrosis of myocardial cells.
Definition
Infarction
Term
Changes in the intimal lining of the arteries..It begins as a fatty streak, builds fibrous plaque, & becomes a complicated lesion that can block off an artery.
Definition
Atherosclerosis
Term
A spasm that causes a temporary obstruction to CA blood flow, causes include cocaine use.
Definition
Coronary Artery Spasm
Term
Caused by arrhytmias, pulmonary embolism, hypotension, or shock
Definition
Decreased coronary artery blood flow
Term
Due to emotional stress, increased blood volume, or exertion.
Definition
Increased myocardial workload
Term
Other causes for Ischemic heart disease
Definition

Congenital coronary anomalies

&

Coronary artery thrombosis

Term
CP due to myocardial ischemia:
Definition
Angina pectoris
Term
An effort-induced CP, lasts seconds to minutes and is relieved by rest or NTG.
Definition
Stable Angina Pectoris
Term
Tends to last longer, occurs more frequently, is not necessarily due to effort, and may be temporarily relieved by NTG
Definition
Unstable Angina Pectoris
Term
Occurs at rest, in the early hours of the morning, is often associated with ST segment elevation, and is thought to be from a CA spasm
Definition

Varient Angina

(Prinzmetal's)

Term

MI can be silent (mild/nonexsistent symptoms)

TRUE or FALSE

Definition
TRUE
Term
Immediate goals for Ischemic heart disease include:
Definition

Pain management,

oxygen to myocardium,

prevent platelet aggregation,

restore CA blood flow, and salvage myocadium

Term
MONA stands for:
Definition
morphine, oxygen, nitroglycerin, aspirin
Term
Cath Lab provides options such as:
Definition
PTCA, atherectomy, and coronary artery stent
Term
According to the World Health Org.there are 3 criteria for an MI :
Definition

1. History of severe, prolonged CP

2. Unequivocal EKG changes /

abnormal & persistant Q waves

3. Changes in serial cardiac biomarker

levelsthat indicate MI or Infarction

Term
Cardiac Cath is _____ to determine the presence, location, & severity of CAD.
Definition
GOLD STANDARD
Term
Serum cardiac biomarkers used to detect injury and infarct are:
Definition
Creatine kinase (CK) aka (CPK) enzyme, CK-MB (muscle enzyme) & Troponin T
Term
Creatine kinase (CK) aka (CPK) enzyme, CK-MB (muscle enzyme) are released with:
Definition

Tissue Necrosis.
Blood levels increase 4-6 hrs after infarct.

& return to normal 24-48 hrs later

Term
Troponin T is more specific to:
Definition

Cardiac infarction.

It rises 3-5 hrs after MI and

remains elevated up to 21 days later.

Term
An inflammatory process involving the parietal and visceral layers of the pericardium that may lead to pericardial effusion.
Definition
Pericarditis
Term
A collection of fluid within the pericardial space (parietal & visceral layers) and is a common response to an acute MI.
Definition
Pericardial Effusion (PE)
Term
A post MI illness that presents with fever, pericarditis, PE, & pleuritis. May present weeks or months after MI.
Definition
Dressler's Syndrome
Term
A bulge in the LV wall that persists during diastole and systole with akinesis or dyskinesis. A hinge point where good myocardium meets bad.
Definition
Left Ventricular True Aneurysm
Term
A narrow perforation of the LVFW with a false chamber. It usually has a saccular or globular contour.
Definition
Left ventricular pseudo-aneurysm
Term
When there is an akinetic or dyskinetic area, the blood tends to pool and thrombus develops. It is commonly located at the apex.
Definition
Left ventricular thrombus
Term
Most often associated with an inferior MI and results in MR.
Definition
Papillary muscle dysfunction
Term
It is rare and is most often associated with an inferior MI.
Definition
Right ventricular infarction
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