Term
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Definition
Social constructed category
of biological traits. |
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Term
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Definition
| A shared cultural heritage. |
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Term
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Definition
A category of people with a cultural or biological trait that separates them and but them at a disadvantage.
About POWER not numbers. |
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Term
Ethnicity
Objective Criteria
Subjective Criteria |
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Definition
Objective: traits such as ancestry (cant be controlled)
Subjective: internalization of a distinctive identity |
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Term
Minority
Objective Identity
Subjective Identity |
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Definition
Subjective: personal involvement and attachment to minority
Objective: people labelling you into a minority despite your lack of attachment (cant be controlled) |
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Term
| 4 way minorities are treated |
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Definition
1. viewed as incompetent, inferior or dangerous.
2. can be discriminated against & denied basic rights
3. can be denied economic, political or social power
4. occupy a stigmatized or disadvantaged position |
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Term
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Definition
| Generalization about an entire category |
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Term
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Definition
| Applying a trait to an entire category (exaggeration) |
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Term
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Definition
| Belief that one racial category is innately better than others. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Scape goat
2. Authoritarian Personality
3. Culture
4. Conflict |
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Term
| Scape Goat Theory for Prejudice |
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Definition
| People with disadvantage themselves become frustrate, and pick a scape goat (group with little power) to unfairly blame their own problems on. |
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Term
| Authoritarian Theory for Prejudice |
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Definition
- Rigidly conform to conventional culture values and see things as either right or wrong.
- Extreme prejudice , usually towards all other people unlike themselves. |
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Term
| Conflict Theory for Prejudice |
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Definition
| Powerful ppl use prejudice to justify the oppression of minorities. |
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Term
| Culture Theory for Prejudice |
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Definition
| Extreme prejudice may be a trait of certain people, but some culture is embedded in culture. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ethnically stratified society, with certain ethnic groups dominating others. |
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Term
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Definition
| Un equal TREATMENT of various groups of ppl. |
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Term
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Definition
Institutional Prejudice & Discrimination are built into the operation of society's institutions.
- it is at the institutional level that it is more harmful.. not as much the individual level. |
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Term
Majority & Minority
4 Patterns of Integreation |
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Definition
1. Pluarlism - everyone equal
2. Assimilation - min. gradually adopt
3. Segregation - separation of ppl
4. Genocide - killing |
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Term
| Institutional Completeness |
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Definition
Breton
- community organization meet the need of its members
- "ethnic villages" |
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Term
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Definition
| Violation of cultural norms |
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Term
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Definition
Violation of federal laws.
Composed of act and criminal intent |
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Term
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Definition
Said you can tell by a persons face there risk of deviance
(biological reasons) |
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Term
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Definition
Said that you can tell a persons body type
(meso, ecto or endomorph) if they will participate in crime.
meso - criminals endo- fat and jolly ecto- smart
(biological reasons) |
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Term
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Definition
Good boys = strong conscious
less like to participate in deviance.
(peronality reasons) |
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Term
Social Level blame for deviance.
(vs. bio, or personality) |
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Definition
- deviance is RELATIVE to cultural norms
- people become deviants as ppl label them that way
- norms and the way ppl define breaking rules, invovle social power |
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Term
| Structural Functional Analysis of Deviance |
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Definition
Durkheim
1. deviance affirms norms and values
2. responding to deviance clarifies moral values
3. responding to extreme dev. brings ppl together
4. deviance encourages social change |
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Term
| Conflict Analysis of Deviance |
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Definition
-deviance is determined by those in power
-2 views-
- Pluralist Position-
individuals compete to have their def. accepted
- Critical School-
economic elite - more force behind definitions |
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Term
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Definition
Draw Chart...
Theory of Anomie - (state of normlessness)
- more anomie - more discrepancy between culturally accepted goals, and approved means for achieving them
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Term
Albert Cohen
Elijah Anderson |
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Definition
Delinquency
Lower class youth at higher risk due to less opportunity.
- street code |
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Term
| Symbolic Interactionism Analysis of Deviance |
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Definition
- labelling theory
- not so much what you do but how you are labelled |
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Term
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Definition
Primary Deviance
- slight reaction to deviance - little effect on persons self concept
- results from diverse factors
Secondary Deviance
- response to being labeled as deviant
- can start deviant career (Goffman) |
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Term
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Definition
Very powerful negative label
- can be a master status |
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Term
Retrospective Labelling
Projective Labelling |
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Definition
Using the current deviance to
- interpret past behaviour
- predict future behaviour |
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Term
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Definition
Differential Association
- learn deviance/conformity from group we hang out with |
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Term
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Definition
- deviants do care about norms and values, try to rationalize their guilt
1. denial of injury
2. denial of victim
3. denial of personal responsibility
4. condemning the condemners |
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Term
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Definition
Control Theory
- social control depends on anticipating the consequences of your behaviour
Things that stop deviance
1. Attachement
2. Involvement
3. Opportunity
4. Belief (in morality and respect) |
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Term
| Feminist View on Deviance |
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Definition
- Patriarchy system of power makes women depended - causes violent against women
- and women are smaller - victims of violence |
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Term
| 4 Justifications for Punishment |
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Definition
- Retribution (vengance equal to pain caused by crime)
- Deterrence
Specific- show crime is not worth it
General - make an example of the punished
Rehabilitation - reform the offender
Social Protection - offender incapable of further offences |
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