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Developmental Psych. Test 2
Hamilton--MBI-Spokane--Develop. Psych.
38
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
03/26/2012

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Cards

Term
Babinski Reflex
Definition
toes go out not curl when you run finger up foot
Term
Early Human Reflexes
Definition
Moro, Darwinian, Tonic Neck, Babkin, Babinski, Rooting, Walking, Swimming
Term
plasticity
Definition
moldability of the brain through experience. Better when one is young.
Term
gross motor skills
Definition
physical skills that involve the large muscles
Term
fine motor skills
Definition
physical skills hat involve the small muscles and eye-hand coordination
Term
Denver Developmental Screening Test
Definition
Screening test given to children 1 month to 6 years old to determine whether they are developing normally. Tests gross and fine motor skills, language, personality and social development, etc.
Term
systems of action
Definition
increasingly compels combination of skills which permit a wider or more precise range of movement and more control of the environment
Term
natural chidlbirth
Definition
Method of childbirth that seeks to prevent pain by eliminating the mother's fear through education about the physiology of reproduction and training in breathing and relaxation during delivery
Term
prepared childbirth
Definition
method of childbirth that uses instruction, breathing exercises, and social support to induce controlled physical responses to uterine contractions and reduce fear and pain.
Term
lanugo
Definition
fuzzy prenatal hair that has not yet fallen off the neonate
Term
fontanels
Definition
soft spots--places where the bones have not yet grown together on the skull
Term
vernix caseosa
Definition
cheesy varnish--an oily protection against infection that dries within the first few days.
Term
Apgar Scale
Definition
appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration. Standard measurement of a newborn's condition.
Term
Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale
Definition
Neurological and behavioral test to measure neonate's responses to the environment
Term
myelination
Definition
process of coating neurons with a fatty substance that enables faster communication between cells.
Term
3 approaches to cognitive develpment
Definition
behaviorist approach--concerned with the basic mechanics of learning
psychometric--seeks to measure the quantity of intelligence a person possesses
piagetian--describes qualitative stages in cognitive functioning. e.g. principle of conservation
Term
Intelligent behavior
Definition
behavior that is goal-oriented and adaptive to circumstances and conditions of life
Term
Bayley Scales of Infant Developement
Definition
Standardized test of infant's mental motor and behavioral development.
Term
Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage
Definition
the first stage in cognitive development, during which infants learn through senses and motor activity
Term
circular reactions
Definition
Piaget's term fro processes by which an infant learns to reproduce desired occurrences originally discovered by chance.
Term
representational abiblity
Definition
Piaget's term fro capacity to store mental images or symbols of objects and experiences
Term
deferred imitation
Definition
Piaget's term for reproduction of an observed behavior after the passage of time
Term
object permanence
Definition
Piaget's term for the understanding that a person or object still exists when out of sight
Term
A, not-B error
Definition
Tendency for 8-12 mo-old infants to serach for a hidden object in a place where they previously found it, rather than in the place where they most recently saw it being hidden.
Term
habituation
Definition
simple type of learning in which familiarity with a stimulus reduces, slows, or stops a response
Term
dishabituation
Definition
increase in responsiveness after presentation of a new stimulus
Term
explicit memory
Definition
intentional and conscious memory, generally of facts, names, and events
Term
implicit memory
Definition
unconscious recall, generally of habits and skills; sometimes called procedural memory
Term
working memory
Definition
short-term storage of information being actively processed
Term
nativism
Definition
theory that humans have an inborn capacity for language acquisition
Term
language acquisition device (LAD)
Definition
In Chomsky's terminology, an inborn mechanism that enable children to infer linguistic rules from the language they hear.
Term
emotions
Definition
subjective reactions to experience that are associated with physiological and behavioral changes
Term
self-conscious emotions
Definition
emotions, such as embarrassment, empathy, and envy, that depend on self-awareness
Term
self-awareness
Definition
realization that one's existence and functioning are separate from those of other people and things
Term
self-evaluative emotions
Definition
emotions such as pride, shame, and guild, which depend on both self-awareness and knowledge of socially accpted standards of behavior
Term
social cognition
Definition
ability to understand that other people have mental states and to gauge their feelings and intentions.
Term
empathy
Definition
ability to put oneself in another person's place and feel what the other person feels
Term
Temperament
Definition
Characteristic disposition, or style of approaching and reacting to situations
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