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| the pattern of movement or change that begins at conception and continues through the human life span |
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| the perspective that develoment is lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, and contextual; involves growth, maintenance, and regulation; and is constructed through biological, sociocultural, and individual factors working together |
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| The behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group that are passed on from generation to generation |
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| Comparison of one culture with one or more other cultures. These provide information about the degree to which development is similar, or universal, across cultures, and the degree to which is culture-specific |
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| A Characteristic based on cultural heritage, nationality characteristics, race, religion, and language |
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| Refers to the grouping of people with similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics |
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| The characteristics of people as males or females |
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| A national goverment's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens. |
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| Changes in an individual's physical nature |
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| Changes in an individual's thought, intelligence, and language |
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| Changes in an individual's relationships with other people, emotions, and personality |
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Definition
Prenatal (conception-birth)
Infancy (18-24 months)
Early Childhood (3-5 years)
Middle & Late Chilhood (6-10/11 years)
Adolescence (10-12 to 18-21 years)
Early Adulthood (20s & 30s)
Middle Adulthood (40s & 50s)
Late Adulthood (60s/70s to Death) |
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| Four Ages of Life Span Development |
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Definition
First Age: Childhood & Adolescence
Second Age: Prime Adulthood, 20yrs-59yrs
Third Age: Approx. 60-79 years
Fourth Age: Approx. 80 years and older |
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| The number of years that have elapsed since birth |
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| A person's age in terms of biological health |
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| an individual's adaptive capacities compared with those of other individuals of the same chronological age |
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| Debate about whether development is primarily influenced by nature or nurture. Nature refers to an organism's biological inheritance, nurture to its environmental experiences. |
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1. conceptualize a process or problem to be studied
2. Collect research information (data)
3. Analyze the data
4. Draw Conclusions |
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Definition
- Oral (birth to 1.5 years)
- Anal (1.5 to 3 years)
- Phallic (3 to 6 years)
- Latency (6 years to puberty)
- Genital (puberty onward)
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Term
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Definition
-Psychosocial
-8 Stages
1.Trust vs. Mistrust (infancy/1st yr)
2.Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt (infancy/1-3yrs)
3.Initiative vs Guilt (Early childhood/Preschool years 3-5yrs)
4.Industry vs Inferiority (Middle and late childhood,elementary school, 6-puberty)
5.Identity vs confusion (Adolescence, 10-20yrs)
6.Intimacy vs. isolation (Early adulthood,20s-30s)
7.Generativity vs Stagnation (Middle Adulthood 40s-50s)
8.Integrity vs Dispair (Late Adulthood 60s onward) |
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Definition
-Cognitive
-Focuses mostly on childhood
-Four Stages
1.sensorimotor (birth to 2yrs)
2.preoperational (2-7yrs)
3.concrete operational (7-11yrs)
4.formal operational (11/15-adulthood) |
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| a sociocultural cognitive theory that emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development |
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| Behavior produce changes in the probability of the behavior's occurence. A behavior followed by a rewarding stimulus is more likely to recur, whereas a behavior followed by a unishing stimulus is less likely to recur |
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Definition
studies that involve observing behavior in real-world settings
(i.e. Jane Goodall & apes) |
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| a test with uniform procedures for administation and scoring. |
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| An in-depth look at a single individual |
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| Studies designed to observe and record behavior |
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Studies in which the goal is to describe the strength of the relationship between two or more events or characteristics
(i.e. Piaget, writing about children) |
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| Using experiments to conduct research |
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effects due to a person's time of birth, era, or generation rather than the person's actual age
-millenials (1980-later)
-generation 3 (1965-1980)
-baby boomers (1946-1964)
-silent generation (1928-1945) |
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| Ethical Research Guidelines |
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Definition
1. Informed consent
2. Confidentiality
3. Debriefing
4. Deception |
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| a preconceived notion about the abilities of women and men that prevented individuals from pursuing their own interests and achieving their potential |
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| Using an ethnic label such as African American or latino in a superficial way that portrays an ethnic group as being more homogeneous than it really is |
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