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Developmental Psychology
chapter 1-3
61
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
09/03/2014

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Term
Selection
Definition
individuals restrict life work to fewer domains
Term
Optimization
Definition
adults should engage in activities that maintain their mental reserves and increase their domain specific knowledge
Term
Compensation
Definition
uses of new knowledge strategies to adapt to tasks when ability is subpor
Term
Baseline Performance
Definition
initial level of performance
Term
Baseline reserve capacity
Definition
upper range of a persons performance potential when all resources are available
Term
developmental reserve capacity
Definition
intervention to strengthen baseline reserve capacity
Term
Normative age graded influence
Definition
connected to chronological age
Term
Normative history graded influence
Definition
associated with a given time period
Term
Non-normative influence
Definition
unpredictable random or rare events
Term
Chronological age
Definition
calender time
Term
biological age
Definition
biological functioning
Term
perceived age
Definition
the age you consider yourself to be
Term
psychological age
Definition
adaptive capacities
Term
Sociocultural Age
Definition
Occupying certain roles and norms in your society and culture
Term
Freud Theory
Definition
Psychoanalytic Theory
Term
Psychoanalytic Theory
Definition
unconscious forces motivate human behavior
Term
Oral
Definition
Birth- 1.5yrs pleasure centers on the mouth, attachment to mothers foundation for future relationships
Term
Anal
Definition
1.5-3yrs pleasure centers on the anus learn to control biological urges
Term
phallic
Definition
3-6yrs pleasures center on genitals, opposite, opposite sex parents become love objects identification with same sex parent
Term
latency
Definition
6-puberty child represses sexual interest and develops social and intellectual skills
Term
gental
Definition
puberty+ sexual re-awaking sexual desires is on opposite sex. someone outside the family
Term
Eriksons theory
Definition
psychosocial theory
Term
psychosocial theory
Definition
personalty is determined by interaction between self and society
Term
Trust vs. Mistrust
Definition
1st year- child learns to trust the world around him/her feelings of security, comfort
Term
Autonomy vs. Shame
Definition
3 years- beginning to understand oneself, control of own actions
Term
initiative vs. guilt
Definition
3-5 years, begin to understand who they are and what they could acheive
Term
industry vs. inferiority
Definition
6-puberty, interaction with peers; need for acceptance and competency development
Term
identity vs. identity confusion
Definition
adolescence, development of a sense of self that integrates past experiences with future roles.
Term
intimacy vs. isolation
Definition
capacity to share with and care about others, without fear of losing own identity
Term
generativity vs. stagnation
Definition
middle adulthood, concerns about future generations and own legacy
Term
integrity vs. despair
Definition
late adulthood, ability to look back over ones life and see it as satisfying acceptance of death
Term
Name 3 advantages to Eriksons Theory of Human Develpoment
Definition
-Emphasies early experiences and family experiences

- personality needs to be studied developmently
Term
Name 3 disadvantages to Eriksons Theory of Human Develpoment
Definition
-can't test well
- data comes from past recollection
overemphasized sexuality
Term
Behaviorism
Definition
directly observable events stimuli and responses are the appropriate focus of study
Term
Pavlov's classical conditioning
Definition
-neutral stimulus acquires the ability to produce a response originally produced by another stimilus
Term
UCS
Definition
unconditioned stimiles
Term
UCR
Definition
unconditioned responce
Term
CS-
Definition
conditioned stimiles
Term
CR-
Definition
conditioned responce
Term
Skinner's Operant Conditioning
Definition
consequences of behavior produce changes in the probability of it recurring
Term
Piaget
Definition
cognitive development theory
Term
Sensorimor
Definition
0-2, infant understands world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical actions
Term
Preoperations
Definition
2-7, child represents the world with symbolic thought (language)
Term
concrete operational
Definition
7-11, child can reason logically about concrete events and classify objects
Term
formal operational
Definition
11+, adolescence reasons in more abstract idealistic and logical ways
Term
Name 3 advantages to Piagets Cognitive Development Theory
Definition
-positive view of development
-child is active
-emphasizes conscious thinking
Term
Name 3 disadvantages to Piagets Cognitive Development Theory
Definition
-underestimates the competencies of infants and toddlers
-Piagets stages aren't uniform
-No room for individual differences or environment influences
Term
Information Processing
Definition
Basic computer model
-developmental cognitive neurosciences
Term
Encoding
Definition
Get info into brains
Term
Storage
Definition
Retain info over time.
Term
Retrieval
Definition
Getting info out of storage
Term
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
Definition
Combines psychology, biology, neurosciences, and medicine to study the relationship between changes in the brain and the developmental persons cognitive processing and behavior patterns
Term
Uyotsky's Theory
Definition
Social-cultural Cognitive Theory
Term
Social-cultural Cognitive Theory
Definition
Emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development
Term
Bronfenbremner
Definition
Ecological Theory
Term
Ecological Theory
Definition
Development reflects the influences of several environmental systems
Term
Microsystems
Definition
Immediate environment direct contact.
(Family,peers,school,neighborhood.)
Term
Mesosystems
Definition
Relations between microsystems
(how parents relate to school, how peers relate to parents)
Term
Exosystems
Definition
How social settings of microsystems (person has no direct contact with influence) (Moms relationship with her boss)
Term
Macrosystems
Definition
culture
Term
Chronosystems
Definition
Time, history
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