Term
| The process of transmitting culture to one’s children so they can become functioning members of society is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| The system of concepts we use in defining ourselves is best termed: |
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Definition
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Term
| The self-conceptions that people have as being male or female are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Albert Bandura, children determine which behaviors are appropriate for each sex by: |
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Definition
| watching clearly defined sex roles in cartoons |
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Term
“I am a boy; therefore, I want to do boy things; therefore, the opportunity to do boy things is
rewarded.” This best describes the position of which theory? |
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Definition
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Term
According to Gilmore’s study (1990), fathers’ absence from many U.S. homes during the son’s
formative years may lead to what? |
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Definition
| less secure sense of masculinity |
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Term
| What is included in Jay Belsky’s framework for family functioning? |
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Definition
| parents' characteristics, child's characteristics, sources of stress and support |
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Term
| Referring to Schaefer and Becker’s four combinations of the warmth-hostility and control-autonomy dimensions of parenting, which style of parenting is associated with impulsive, disobedient, aggressive, and delinquent behavior? |
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Definition
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Term
| Baumrind found that the least self-reliant, explorative, and self-controlled children were those with parents who were: |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the specifics regarding the sexual abuse of children. |
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Definition
| Sexually abused children are usually afraid to tell others about their experiences. |
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Term
| Studies by McClelland and colleagues have indicated that: |
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Definition
| how parents feel about their children has an important influence on what their children think and do as adults |
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Term
| The most important message from the Harvard Child-Rearing Study is: |
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Definition
| enjoy your children and love them |
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Term
| Single-parent families tend to be characterized by: |
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Definition
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Term
| Cross-cultural research on the acquisition of conservation skills indicates: |
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Definition
| these skills may not occur in the invariant sequence postulated by Piaget |
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Term
| The 1983 federal law that ensures children with disabilities the right to a free, appropriate public education is called: |
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Definition
| Individuals with Disabilities Education Act |
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Term
| A person’s preferred way of perceiving, remembering, and using information is referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| Know the specifics concerning ADHD. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is usually included in the creation of an Individual Education Plan (IEP)? |
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Definition
| parents, psychologist, teachers |
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Term
| Jean Piaget indicated that heteronomous morality is characterized by what? |
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Definition
| conception of moral rules as absolute |
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Term
| Gilligan’s research on Kohlberg’s moral dilemmas suggests that women have a morality of ________ whereas men have a morality of ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most common childhood illness during the ages 7 to 12 is: |
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Definition
| upper respiratory infection |
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Term
| Concrete operations includes what? |
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Definition
| decentering, transformations, reversibility |
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Term
| Effective schools exhibit what? |
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Definition
- high achievement expectation
- homework is considered important
- students are encouraged to use the library |
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Term
| Research undertaken by Hugh Hartshorne and Mark A. May involving the moral behavior of some 11,000 children revealed that children’s moral behavior was: |
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Definition
| linked to group social norms |
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Term
| Research reveals that age, sex, and IQ variables are ________ correlated with moral behavior. |
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Definition
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Term
| Erikson’s fourth stage, industry vs. inferiority, suggests that children must: |
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Definition
| begin doing activities by themselves |
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Term
| What function is performed by peer groups? |
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Definition
| Peer groups give children experience with relationships in which they are on an equal footing with others. |
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Term
| The tendency for elementary school boys to associate with boys and elementary school girls with girls is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| According to your text, gender segregation tends to reach its peak in: |
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Definition
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Term
When asked, the majority of children ages 8 to 12 listed what as the most important
for self-esteem? |
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Definition
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Term
| The criteria that people use in deciding the relative merit and desirability of things is termed: |
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Definition
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Term
| In a sociogram, a person who is not part of any group is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Researchers have conducted several studies using many different methods and have found that a significant relationship exists between children’s physical attractiveness and their level of: |
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Definition
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Term
| Popular children tend to be described by their peers as: |
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Definition
| alert, self-assured, and helpful |
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Term
| Children with high self-esteem are likely to have parents who: |
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Definition
| show respect for their children's opinions |
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Term
| The system of negative conceptions, feelings, and action orientations regarding the members of a particular religion, race, or nationality is referred to as: |
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Definition
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Term
| What most closely associated with intrinsic motivation? |
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Definition
| rewards that are part of the activity |
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Term
| Poor school achievement seems to be related to: |
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Definition
- low motivation or effort
- external locus of control
- socioeconomic status |
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Term
| The period of the life cycle when sexual and reproductive maturation becomes evident defines: |
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Definition
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Term
Which gland in the body (also known as the “master gland”) secretes the hormones into the
bloodstream that trigger the changes at puberty? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which organ(s) almost doubles in weight during adolescence? |
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Definition
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Term
| During puberty, different parts of the body grow at different rates, sometimes causing awkwardness. This is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| American girls’ attitudes toward menarche include what? |
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Definition
- it gives girls a sense of identity as women
- most girls are happy about their first menses
- most girls are concerned about physical discomfort, moodiness, hygiene, and disruption of activities |
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Term
| Mature sperm, which can fertilize a woman’s egg, appear in the semen about when? |
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Definition
| in the semen about one year after the first ejaculation |
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Term
| Children show enormous variation in growth and sexual maturation. Some do not begin their growth spurt and development of secondary sexual characteristics until many of their peers have virtually completed these stages. The most logical conclusion that can be arrived at from these facts is: |
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Definition
| there is no "set pattern" that is applicable for all children |
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Term
| Early-maturing adolescent boys tend to: |
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Definition
| possess feelings of adequacy in comparison to peers |
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Term
| Early-maturing adolescent girls are more likely to: |
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Definition
- develop feelings such as depression
- have a negatively affected prestige status
- develop eating disorders |
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Term
| Obese adults are at greater risk of: |
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Definition
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Term
| Substance abuse is defined as: |
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Definition
| prolonged use of drugs that endangers self or others |
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Term
| A common reason for body piercing is: |
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Definition
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