Term
| Occult Dysraphic States AKA myelodysplasia |
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Definition
| Error of secondary neurulation. Group of malformations due to abnormal development of caudal level of spinal cord. Covered with skin (occult=hidden). delay in sphincter control, foot anomalies |
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Term
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Definition
| Absence of calvaria. Rudimentary mass of forebrain and midbrain. increased alpha fetoprotein levels can diagnose this |
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Term
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Definition
| bifid cranium with herniation of brain and meningeal coverings |
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Term
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Definition
| small skull defect with with herniated meningial sac filled with CSF. No brain herniation |
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Term
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Definition
| opening btwn skull bones. usually asymptomatic |
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Term
| Myeloschisis (spina bifida aperta) |
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Definition
| neural plate open dorsally, no neural tube formation in this area. no function below lesion. Most severe spina bifida |
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Term
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Definition
| cystic swelling covered by skin or membrane. herniation of spinal cord and meninges. No function below lesion. Most common of spina bifida cystica (90%) |
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Term
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Definition
| vertebral defect. herniated meningial sac filled with CSF. Least common of SB cystica (10%) |
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Term
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Definition
| in 10% of population. Vertebral defect limited to 1-2 vertebrae. usually asymptomatic. may be assoc with skin dimple, fatty cyst, hair tuft, or diastematomyelia (bone spur in spinal canal that can tether spinal cord and keep it from ascending) |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure of bilateralization of the forebrain |
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Term
| During what weeks does primary neurulation occur |
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Definition
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Term
| During what weeks does secondary neurulation occur |
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Definition
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Term
| Five regions of the developing brain |
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Definition
| (from cranial to caudal)- Telencephalon, Diencephalon, Mesencephalon, Metencephalon, myelencephalon |
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Term
| What brain region forms the cerebellum |
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Definition
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Term
| What brain region forms the cerebral hemispheres |
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Definition
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Term
| what brain region forms the midbrain |
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Definition
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Term
| what brain region forms the pons |
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Definition
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Term
| what brain region forms the medulla |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| over-proliferation of neurons, causes enlarged head |
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Term
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Definition
| under-proliferation of neurons. small head |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| communicating hydrocephalus |
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Definition
| CSF can get into subarachnoid space but can't get to the subarachnoid granulations |
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Term
| Non-communicating hydrocephalus |
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Definition
| CSF can't get into subarachnoid space. Block is usually at cerebral aqueduct |
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Term
| Arnold-Chiari malformation |
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Definition
| caudal displacement and herniation through the foramen magnum of ventrally located cerebellar structures. The direction of some of the cervical roots may be rotated 180 degrees |
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Term
| Precursors for primary sensory neurons |
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Definition
| mostly neural crest cells. some in head by ectodermal placodes |
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Term
| Precursor for somatic motor neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| Precursor for preganglionic autonomic neurons |
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Definition
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Term
| precursor for postganglionic autonomic neurons |
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Definition
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