Term
| deinstitutionalization of marriage |
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Definition
| the decline in marriage and the emergence of alternate family forms that occurred during the last third of the twentieth century |
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Term
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Definition
| living sequentially with different partners outside of marriage |
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Term
| odds of cohabitation, living together before getting married |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| unions in which parents choose their children's spouse |
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Term
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Definition
| the marriage market for less-well-educated young people is poor |
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Term
| U-shaped curve of marital satifsaction |
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Definition
| the most common pathway of marital happiness in the West, in which satisfaction is highest at the honeymoon, declines during child-rearing years, then rises after the children grow up |
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Term
| triangular theory of love |
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Definition
| Robert sternberg's categorization of love relationships into three facets: passion, intimacy, and commitment. When arranged at the points of a triangle, their combinations describe all the different kinds of adult love relationships |
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Term
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Definition
| the average number of children a woman in a given country has during her lifetime |
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Term
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Definition
| fairness in the "work" of a couple's life together. If a relationship lacks equity, with one partner doing significantly more than the other, the outcome is typically marital dissatisfaction |
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Term
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Definition
| traditional concept that a man's job is to support a wife and children |
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Term
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Definition
| husband who actively participates in hands-on child care |
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Term
| traditional stable career |
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Definition
| a career path in which people settle into their permanent life's work in their twenties and often stay with the same organization until they retire |
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Term
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Definition
| today's most common career path for western works, in which people change jobs or professions periodically during their working lives |
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Term
| Holland's six personality work types |
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Definition
| realistic, investigative, artistic, social, entrepreneurial, and conventional type |
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Term
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Definition
| people who enjoy manipulating machinery or working with tools |
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Term
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Definition
| these people like to find things out through research, analyzing, and information |
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Term
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Definition
| these people enjoy helping others |
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Term
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Definition
| these people like to lead others and have organizational goals |
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Term
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Definition
| these people have a passion for manipulating data |
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Term
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Definition
| work that provides inner fulfillment and allows people to satisfy their needs for creativity, autonomy, and relatedness |
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Term
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Definition
| work that is performed for external reinforces, such as pay |
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Term
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Definition
| a job situation that places so many requirements or demands on workers that it becomes impossible to do a good job |
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Term
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Definition
| a situation in which a person is torn between two or more major responsibilities for instance, parent and worker and cannot do either job adequately |
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Term
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Definition
| a situation in which people, typically parents, are torn between the demands of family and work |
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Term
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Definition
| the separation of men and women into different kinds of jobs |
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Term
| Erikson's psychosocial stages |
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Definition
| middle adulthood-generativity versus stagnation |
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Term
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Definition
| in erikson' theory, the seventh psychosocial taks, in which people in midlife find meaning from nurturing the next generation, caring for others, or enriching the lives of others through their work. According to Erikson, when midlife adults have not achieved generativity, they feel stagnant, without a sense of purpose in life |
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Term
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Definition
| well-being defined as pure pleasure |
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Term
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Definition
| well-being defined as having a sense of meaning and life purpose |
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Term
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Definition
| in Dan McAdam's research, a type of autobiography produced by highly generative adults that involves childhood memories of feeling special; being unusually sensitive to other's misfortunes;having a strong, enduring generative mission from adolescence;and redemption sequences |
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Term
| crystallized intelligence |
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Definition
| A basic fact of intelligence, consisting of a person's knowledge base, or storehouse of accumulated information |
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Term
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Definition
| a basic facet of intelligence, consisting of the ability to quickly master new intellectual activities |
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Term
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Definition
| an overall score of body deterioration, gained from summing how a person functions on multiple physiological indexes. Allostatic load predicts cognitive performance during adult life |
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Term
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Definition
| a research phenomenon in which a dramatic decline in an older person's scores on vocabulary tests and other measures of crystallized intelligence predicts having a terminal disease |
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Term
| selective optimization with compnsation |
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Definition
Paul Baltes's three principles for successful aging: -Selective focusing on what is most important,
-working harder to perform well in those top-ranking areas, and
-relying on external aids to cope reflectively |
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Term
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Definition
| a basic role of grandparents, which involves monitoring the younger family member's well-being and intervening to provide help in a crisis |
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Term
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Definition
| grandparents who have taken on full responsibility for raising their grandchildren |
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Term
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Definition
| a difficult memory challenge involving memorizing material while simultaneously monitoring something else |
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Term
| memory-systems persective |
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Definition
| a framework that divides memory into three types: procedural, semantic, and episodic memory |
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Term
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Definition
| in the memory-systems perspective, the most resilient type of memory; refers to material, such as well learned physical skills, that we automatically recall without conscious awareness |
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Term
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Definition
| In the memory-systems perspective, a moderately resilient type of memory; refers to our ability to recall basic facts |
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Term
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Definition
| in the memory-systems perspective, the most fragile type of memory, involving the recall of the ongoing events of daily life |
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Term
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Definition
| a strategy for aiding memory, often by using imagery or enhancing the emotional meaning of what needs to be learned |
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Term
| socioemotional selectivity theory |
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Definition
| a theory of aging put forth by Laura Cartensen, describing how the time we have left to live affects our priorities and social relationships. Specifically, in later life people focus on the present and prioritize being with their closest attachment figures |
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Term
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Definition
| the fact that despite their physical and mental losses, the elderly report being just as happy or happier than the young |
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Term
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Definition
| the tendency for older people to focus on positive experiences and screen out events |
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Term
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Definition
| Erik Erikson's eighth psycho social stage, in which elderly people decide that their life missions have been fulfilled and so accept impending death |
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Term
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Definition
| the U.S. government's national retirement support program |
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Term
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Definition
| the major source of non governmental income support for U.S. retirees, in which the individual worker and employer put a portion of each paycheck into an account to help finance retirement |
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Term
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Definition
| illegally laying off workers or failing to hire or promote them on the basis of age |
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Term
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Definition
| illegally laying off workers or failing to hire or promote them on the basis of age |
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Term
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Definition
| the fraction of people over age 60 compared to younger, working age adults. This ratio is expected the rise dramatically as the baby boomers retire |
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Term
| inter generational equity |
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Definition
| balancing the needs of the young and old. Specifically, often referred to as the idea that U.S. government entitlements, such as Medicare and Social Security, 'over benefiting' the elderly at the expense of other age groups |
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Term
| widowhood mortality effect |
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Definition
| the elevated risk of death among surviving spouses after being widowed |
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Term
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Definition
| the universal, often progressive signs of physical deterioration intrinsic to the aging process |
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Term
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Definition
| any long-term illness that requires ongoing management. Most chronic diseases are age-related and are the endpoint of normal aging changes |
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Term
| ADL or activities of daily living problems |
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Definition
| difficulty in performing everyday tasks that are required for living independently. ADLs are classified as either basic or instrumental |
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Term
| instrumental ADL problems |
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Definition
| difficulty in performing everyday household tasks, such as cooking and cleaning |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty in performing essential self care activities, such as rising from a chair, eating, and getting to the toilet |
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Term
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Definition
| age-related midlife difficulty with near vision, caused by the inability of the lens to bend |
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Term
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Definition
| age-related difficulty in hearing, particularly high-pitched tones, caused by the atrophy of the hearing receptors located in the inner ear |
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Term
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Definition
| a style of communication used with an older person who seems to be physically impaired, involving speaking loudly and with slow, exaggerated pronunciation, as if talking to a baby |
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Term
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Definition
| the speed at which a person can respond to a stimulus. A progressive increase in reaction time is universal to aging |
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Term
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Definition
| an age related chronic disease in which the bones become porous, fragile, and more likely to break. Osteoporosis is most common in thin women and so most common in females of European and Asian descent |
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Term
| major neurocognitive disorder |
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Definition
| also known as dementia. the general term for any illness involving serious, progressive, usually irreversible cognitive decline, that interferes with a person's ability to live independently. |
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Term
| vascular neurocognitive disorder |
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Definition
| a type of age-related neuro cognitive disorder caused by multiple small strokes |
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Term
| neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer disease |
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Definition
| a type of age-related neuro cognitive disorder characterized by neural atrophy and abnormal by-products of that atrophy, such as senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles |
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Term
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Definition
| long, wavy filaments that replace normal neurons and are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease |
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Term
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Definition
| thick, bullet like amyloid-laden structures that replace normal neurons and are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease |
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Term
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Definition
| the U.S. government's program of health insurance for elderly people |
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Term
| alternatives to institutionalization |
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Definition
| service and setting designed to keep older people who are experiencing age=related disabilities that don't merit intense 24-hour care from having to enter nursing homes |
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Term
| continuing care retirement community |
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Definition
| a housing option characterized by a series of levels of care for elderly residents, ranging from independent apartments to assisted living to nursing home care. People enter the community in relatively good health and move to sections where they can becomes disabled |
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Term
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Definition
| a housing option providing care for elderly people who have instrumental ADL impairments and can do no longer live independently but may not need a nursing home |
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Term
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Definition
| a service for impaired older adults who live with relatives, in which the older person spends the day at a center offering various activities |
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Term
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Definition
| nursing-oriented and housekeeping help provided in the home of an impaired older adult |
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Term
| nursing home/long-term care facility |
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Definition
| a residential institution that provides shelter and intensive care giving, primarily to older people who need help with basic ADL's |
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Term
| certified nurse assistant or aide |
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Definition
| the main hands-on care provider in a nursing home who helps elderly residents with basic ADL problems |
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Term
| A major reason young people at the lower SES levels get married is a lack of |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the U-shaped curve of marital satisfaction, what two groups tend to have the most marital satisfactions? |
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Definition
| honeymoon and elderly couples |
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Term
| today, mothers, including working and single mothers, spend (blank) with their children compared to the mothers in the 1950's. |
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Definition
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Term
| women have more (blank) careers than men, and earn (blank) than men |
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Definition
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Term
| when studying "generative priorities" across the lifespan, researchers found that (blank) rated very low on the scale |
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Definition
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Term
| the model of aging that suggests that you should focus on activities most important to you and let less important activities go, and rely more on external aids is called the |
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Definition
| selective optimization with compensation model |
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Term
| the number of (blank) grandparents has (blank) in recent years |
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Definition
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Term
| according to the information processing perspective, memory deteriorates with age because of (blank) lobe deterioration |
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Definition
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Term
| of the three memory systems (blank) memory is most susceptible to deterioration with aging |
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Definition
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Term
| those in late adulthood screen out (blank) events and focus more on (blank) events |
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Definition
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Term
| in the baby boomer generation, (blank) out of (blank) people say they will work after age 65 primarily |
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Definition
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Term
| when a person has lost a spouse, he or she is most apt to rely on (blank) for support |
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Definition
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Term
| the environmental cause of hearing loss as we age is |
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Definition
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Term
| as people get older it becomes more difficult to see objects that are close up. This is called |
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Definition
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Term
| having a double copy of the (blank) genetic marker doubles the chance of getting Alzheimer's during the young-old years |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 6th stage- seek to find someone to share life with and make commitment-if not successful risk profound loneliness |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| forms of arousal that lead to physical attraction |
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Term
| theory of love: decision/commitment |
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Definition
| decide you love someone; commit to maintaining that love |
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Term
| communication issues in a marriage |
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Definition
-decrease negativity, focus on positive
-don't use contempt/personal put downs
-don't get into a demand withdrawal pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| shared long-term goals (importance of children, career, religion) |
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Term
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Definition
-be dedicated to the relationship
-forgive, sacrifice, compromise (expect this from your partner as well) |
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Term
| factors affecting adjustment to parenting |
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Definition
-social support from spouse, family, friends
-parents' evaluation of the marriage and pregnancy
-baby's characterisitcs |
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Term
| family as a system in parenthood |
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Definition
| the family consists of interrelated parts, each of which affects and is affected by each other part and each of which contributes to the functioning of the whole |
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Term
| most common reason for divorce |
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Definition
| marriages are lacking in communication, emotional fulfillment, or compatibility |
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Term
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Definition
-young adults: 20s and 30s
-married about 7-10 years
-married as teenagers
-had short courtship
-conceived a child before marrying
-fewer commonalities |
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Term
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Definition
-reach a plateau
-emphasize family more become more satisfied with work
-mentoring the younger workers
-burnout
-disillusioned and exhausted by the demands of a job- especially one that involves helping others |
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Term
| midlife changes in senses |
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Definition
physical changes
-hearing
-vision
women at midlife
-menopause
-average age 51
-lasts about 6 years
-caused by drop in estrogen
-only 10 percent require medical treatment |
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Term
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Definition
farrell and rosenberg
-studied 300 middle aged mean
-12% midlife crisis life goaless and empty
-30% expressed dissatisfaction: blamed jobs, marriage, children
-26% denied anything was wrong: but had many complaints
-32% crisis free satisfied with life |
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Term
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Definition
-relatively little age related stress
-more likely to be depressed at 30 that at 40 or 50
-midlife is a time of growth |
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Term
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Definition
-1/3 of elderly unable to care for selves in last years
-4 times more likely to be cared for by family than in nursing homes
-care often falls to middle aged women |
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Term
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Definition
-adverse physical and emotional reaction to demands put on the individual by unsettling conditions or experiences
-people experiences less stress or are better at handling it during middle age |
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Term
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Definition
| tends to stay the same during middle adulthood |
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Term
| big five personality traits |
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Definition
| neurotic-ism, extroversion, openness,agreeableness, conscientiousness |
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Term
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Definition
| anxious, moody, to calm, poised |
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Term
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Definition
| outgoing, sociable, too quiet, reserved |
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Term
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Definition
| imaginative, curious, close-minded |
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Term
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Definition
| good natured, easy going to irritable, uncooperative |
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Term
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Definition
| organized, responsible to irresponsible |
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Term
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Definition
-under age 44 highest cause of death is accidents
-over age 44 leading cause of death is cancer and heart disease |
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Term
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Definition
| understanding that knowledge depends on a person's perspective |
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Term
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Definition
| dualistic, relativism, commitment |
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Term
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Definition
-the ability to uncover and resolve contradictions between opposing ideas
-riegel |
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Term
| Schaie's longitudinal study |
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Definition
-began in Seattle in 1956
-sample ranged in age from 22-70
-retested and added a new sample every 7 years |
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Term
| One skill that does decrease is speed |
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Definition
-between 20-60 average adult slows 20% in basic reaction time
-can make up for this loss with experience |
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Term
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Definition
-more women than men return to college
-1.5 million women over the age of 35 |
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Term
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Definition
| prejudice against the aged |
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Term
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Definition
| people are living longer, population pyramid is becoming a rectangle |
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Term
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Definition
| deals with health and involvement |
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Term
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Definition
| health problems and lack of involvement |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| if the person feels their life has meaning and have done the best they could |
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Term
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Definition
| if they only see mistakes in their life and have a need to reflect |
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Term
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Definition
| a person considers whether their life has had a meaning and has been fulfilling |
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Term
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Definition
| multi directional, memory, long term memory |
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Term
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Definition
| memory for things that happened years/decades ago-remains in tact |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| procedures, riding a bike, baking |
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Term
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Definition
| most likely to decline with age, multi tasking difficult, more difficult to screen distractions |
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Term
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Definition
| vocabulary, happy experiences, areas of expertise, metaphors |
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Term
| reasons for age related changes |
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Definition
| stereotyping, health, motivation, frontal lobe changes |
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Term
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Definition
| expect to lose intellectual abilities, this affects memory self-efficacy |
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Term
| cognitive development later in life |
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Definition
| aesthetic sense, philosophy turn of minds, wisdom |
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Term
| socio emotional selectivity theory |
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Definition
| in later life people focus on the present and spending time with their closest family and friends |
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Term
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Definition
| can get up to 1 inch shorter |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| wake up on average 10 times a night |
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Term
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Definition
| bones become more porous, fragile, and more likely to break |
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Term
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Definition
| wear and tear, cellular theories, genetic, immune system deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
-DNA exposure to harmful agents
-free radicals which are unpaired electrons rip into other tings and cause damage to DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| number of times cells divide until they stop dividing and aging shows |
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Term
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Definition
| problems with tasks needed to live independently |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| severely impaired thinking, memory, or problem solving ability |
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Term
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Definition
-Alzheimer disease
-vascular dementia
-over medication |
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Term
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Definition
-in late adulthood affects 1 in 20
-3 million people in the U.S.
-exercise, sleep benefit for delaying Alzheimer
-no cure |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by multiple small strokes |
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