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Descent with Modification
Descent with Modification
15
Biology
Undergraduate 1
12/11/2012

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Cards

Term
How old is the Earth
Definition
4.6 Billion years old
Term
Evolution
Definition
Descent with Modification
Term
Principle of Uniformitarianism
Definition
mechanisms of change are constant over time
Term
What is the book Darwin published
Definition
Origin of Species
Term
Artificial Selection
Definition
the way in which humans have modified species by breeding them for certain traits
Term
Darwins four observations of nature
Definition
Members of a population vary greatly in their traits. Traits are inherited from parents. Species are capable of reproduction. Many of the offspring don't survive
Term
Darwins two inferences
Definition
individuals whose traits give them a higher probablity to survive and reproduce usually produce more offspring. The unequal ability of certain individuals to reproduce leads to an accumulation of favorable traits
Term
Natural Selection:
Definition
The increase of organisms adaption to their environment over time
Term
Do individuals evolve?
Definition
No populations evolve over generations
Term
Can natural selections create new traits
Definition
No natural selection happens with traits that already exist in the population
Term
Is it possible to create a "super species" through natural selection?
Definition
No adaptions vary in different environments and usually when a species gains an adaption they lose another
Term
Vestigial Structures
Definition

structures without a current function that suggest gradual transformation

Example: penguin wings

Term
Homologous Structures
Definition
Structures that are similar between species because of a common ancester
Term
Homology
Definition
Similarity because of a common ancester
Term
Convergent Evolution
Definition

evolution of similar (analogous) structures as a result of adaptions to similar environmental conditions

 

Example: Bird and Bat wings evolved seperate but both help them fly

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