Term
|
Definition
| Most common tick-borne illness in the US. Caused by the bacterial spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Transmitted by the common deer tick. Must be attached for 24-48 hrs to transmit. |
|
|
Term
| Early Localized Infection (Lyme Disease) |
|
Definition
| 7-14 days after tick bite. Erythema Migrans. Bulls-eye rash. Flu-like illness. Erythematous annular confluent macule that evolves and grows. |
|
|
Term
| Early disseminated disease (Lyme Disease) |
|
Definition
| 3-10 weeks after tick bite. Fever, myalgias, arthralgias, malaise, headache. Neurologic and Cardiac complications. Multiple erythema migrans. Small erythematous macules/patches. Often in oval shape. 1-5mm. Lymphadenopathy. Unilateral facial weakness. |
|
|
Term
| Late disease (Lyme Disease) |
|
Definition
| Months-years after tick bite. Arthritis. Neurologic symptoms. Acrodermis chronica atropicans (violaceous erythema, edema, atrophy). |
|
|
Term
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever |
|
Definition
| Most commonly affects kids 5-9. Spring-Summer. Rickettsia rickettsii. Transmitted by wood tick and dog tick. Tick feeds for greater than 6 hrs before transmitting. Spreads to vascular system. Increases coagulation. Onset = 3-21 days. Rash usually occurs around day 4. Starts on wrists and ankles. Spares face. Many are dead in one week. Rash starts with discrete faint erythematous blanchable macules. Turns deeper red papules and then hemorrhagic necrosis by day 2-4. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Three types: body, head and pubic. Body infest on clothing. Head = children 3-11. Pubic = 14-40. Body = homeless. Pruritis, worse at night. Treat with permethrin shampoos. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intensely pruritic infestation caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Multiply only on human skin. Common and crusted. Institutionalized, immunocompromised, overcrowding. Direct, prolonged contact with infected individual. 1-3 mm erythematous papules/vesicles. Burrows. Serpiginous, grayish, threadlike elevations. Webbed spaces of fingers, flexor surfaces, belt line, feet, penis/scrotum, areolaes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Venom is a neurotoxin which causes increased release of neurotransmitters, leading to migratory muscle cramps (abdominal, back, legs) and spasm, nausea, vomiting, hypertension, weakness, malaise, tremors. Last days to weeks. Small circle of redness at bite site. Use antivenom in immunocompromised but may cause allergic reaction. |
|
|
Term
| Brown Recluse Spider Bite |
|
Definition
| Caused by loxoscelidae reclusus. Common in the south. Venom can cause significant cutaneous injury with tissue loss and necrosis. Initially erythema and swelling. Then forms a blue-gray halo. After 24-72 hrs an oblong vesicle develops with dark eschar and sloughing. Leaves a deep ulcer. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Usually infection is caused by Pasteurella species. Check for underlying fractures. Use vigorous irrigation. |
|
|
