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Dermatology: Benign and Malignant
Benign and Malignant Skin Diseases
27
Medical
Graduate
09/15/2010

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Cards

Term
Acrochordon
Definition
Fleshy lesions along skin folds. Asymptomatic unless irritated. Skin-toned, attached by a stalk.
Term
Actinic Keratosis
Definition
Persistent, keratotic, occurs on sun damaged areas. Can be precursor to SCC. Telangiectasia. Rough patch that is transparent to yellow/gray.
Term
Cafe au'Lait Spot
Definition
Light brown macules. Size and number increase with age. If multiple, check for neurofibromatosis.
Term
Cherry Angioma
Definition
Vascular neoplasm. Asymptomatic, may bleed if nicked. Dome-shaped, smooth, red.
Term
Cutaneous Horn
Definition
Keratotic outgrowth, asymptomatic, occurs on sun exposed areas. May have SCC at base.
Term
Dermatofibroma
Definition
Firm, dense, papule. Shiny, flesh colored to pink. Found on extremities, but spares palms and soles. Puckers with skin when pinched.
Term
Epidermal Cyst
Definition
Firm, mobile, filled with keratin. Caused by blocked hair follicle or gland. Grow slowly but persist. My have central punctum.
Term
Hemangiomas
Definition
Red/purple/blue vascular neoplasm. Occur in babies. Small, pink/red proliferate and then regress after 8-18 months or deeper, more purple, multiple and persisting.
Term
Keloid
Definition
Hypertrophic scarring that overgrows the boundary of the injury. Irregular, raised, bulbous. More common in darker skinned patients.
Term
Keratoacanthoma
Definition
Rapidly growing, found in areas of sun exposure. Can be tender, solitary, central keratotic plug. Firm, grows to maximum size in 3-6 weeks and then involutes.
Term
Neurofibroma
Definition
Soft, compressible papule or nodule. Asymptomatic. Along with cafe au'lait can indicate neurofibromatoma.
Term
Nevi
Definition
Stimulated by sun exposure. Usually acquired by age 35. Flat, symmetric macules that expand laterally and raise.
Term
Junctional Nevi
Definition
Brown to tan nevi, common in children. Found only in epidermis.
Term
Compound nevi
Definition
Nevi found in the epidermis and dermis. Raised, pigmented papules. Irregular border and darker center.
Term
Dermal Nevi
Definition
Nevi in the dermis only. Elevated, fleshy, may contain hairs.
Term
Halo Nevi
Definition
Nevi common in adolescence. Surrounding hypopigmentation.
Term
Flame Nevi
Definition
Nevi due to vascular abnormality. Present at birth.
Term
Congenital Hairy Nevi
Definition
Nevi that is present at birth. Very hairy, but different hair that the rest of the body.
Term
Blue Nevi
Definition
Nevi that are in the dermis. Solitary. Common on head neck and buttocks. Non vascular or blanching.
Term
Mongolian Spot
Definition
Nevi of the dermis. Black/blue patch. Common in dark skinned newborns. Will fade in childhood.
Term
Dysplastic Nevi
Definition
Nevi that may have malignant concern.
Term
Seborrheic Keratosis
Definition
Rare, asymptomatic. Usually found on trunk, spares palms and soles. Stuck on, crusty appearance that crumbles off and will be red underneath. If widespread = hereditary.
Term
Solar Lentigo
Definition
Brown macules caused by sun/actinic damage. Increase in size and number with age. Telangiectasia. Common in caucasians.
Term
Venous Lake
Definition
Soft, compressible papule (dilated venule). Blue-purple, caused by sun exposure. Blanching, can bleed with trauma.
Term
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Definition
Most common skin cancer. Pearly rolled edge with central divot. Telangiectasia. Doesn't metastasize by can invade surrounding tissue.
Term
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Definition
Second most common skin cancer. Metastasizes and is invasive. Caused by sun exposure. Possibly begins with actinic keratosis. Red base with yellow adherent scale. Central keratin plug, dry, scaly.
Term
Melanoma
Definition
Can start with atypical nevi. Superficial spreading is common. Most common on the legs of women and the trunk of men. Blistered sunburns can lead to this. Document nevi for changes.
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